短波紫外线诱导采后香梨品质与抗氧化体系变化及其生理机制
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摘要
近年来研究发现水果蔬菜的摄入量与预防许多疾病、延缓衰老之间存在着相关性。我们认为水果蔬菜保健作用的一个主要原因可能就是源于它们的抗氧化作用。短波紫外线是一种新的采后保鲜方法,操作简单,无污染,无残留,符合绿色食品的要求。有研究表明UV-C照射可以提高采后果蔬中防御酶活性,提高抗病性,并且促进酚类和黄酮物质的合成。香梨产于库尔勒地区,是日常消费水果中重要的品种。本文宗旨在于研究不同剂量的UV-C照射处理对采后香梨品质和抗氧化体系的调节效应。
本文研究不同剂量UV-C照射处理香梨在20℃贮藏期间香梨的生理品质的影响,探讨了UV-C照射剂量与香梨采后品质变化的关系。短波紫外线照射处理之后,库尔勒香梨的贮藏品质和营养成分得到了良好的保持。硬度和失重率是香梨重要的外观指标,紫外照射处理后延缓了硬度的下降,降低了失重率,这说明紫外照射处理能够有效的提高香梨贮藏期间的外观品质。短波紫外照射处理可以延缓呼吸和乙烯释放高峰的来临。同时本实验表明短波紫外照射有利于可溶性总糖含量保持,降低了丙二醛含量的累积,延缓细胞膜透性增大。而短波紫外线照射对于可滴定酸和可溶性固形物含量的影响不大。
本文研究了香梨贮藏期间抗氧化物质含量的变化。多酚类物质和维生素C是果蔬中重要的抗氧化剂,是香梨中重要的营养物质。实验结果表明,短波紫外照射处理促进香梨中VC的含量下降,但和对照没有显著差异。同时不同剂量UV-C可以在不同程度上提高酚类物质的含量。3kJ/m2UV-C照射增加总酚和总黄酮的次生代谢合成,提高FRAP值和DPPH自由基清除率。高剂量的6kJ/m2处理效果没有低剂量处理效果好,但是也始终高于对照组。适宜剂量的UV-C处理有利于提高采后香梨抗氧化能力。
本文对活性氧代谢清除系统中相关酶活性进行测定,同时也监测了引起果蔬软化相关的酶活性变化。大量研究表明,衰老与活性氧关系密切。衰老是生物体内活性氧累积的结果。在植物体内SOD可将02.歧化成H202和02,然后由POD、CAT等分解成H20,从而缓解ROS伤害。实验表明香梨采后随着贮藏时间的延长,其中APX、SOD、CAT酶活均呈下降趋势,说明采后香梨清除自由基的能力不断下降,从而使活性自由基增多,膜脂过氧化作用加强,果实细胞膜遭到破坏。而紫外照射处理可以在不同程度上延缓活性氧代谢相关酶APX、SOD、CAT活性的下降,这有利于活性氧的清除,从而维持活性氧代谢的平衡。UV-C照射增加PAL酶活性,促进了多酚次生代谢的积累。而POD和PPO活性随着贮藏时间的延长而增加,UV-C照射处理能延缓这种变化。而和细胞壁降解相关的纤维素酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶活性UV-C照射处理后降低,更有利于保持香梨的脆度和口感
本文采用高效液相色谱法对香梨中单体多酚物质含量变化进行了测定。结果表明香梨中最主要的酚酸类化合物为绿原酸,主要类黄酮物质为儿茶素和芦丁。短波紫外线处理组中酚类物质含量高于对照组,而3kJ/m2处理组的酚类物质含量又高于6kJ/m2处理组。
In recent years, there have been many studies about the correlation between the intake of fruit and vegetables and disease prevention and anti-aging. UV-C irradiation is a new method for postharvest treatment of fruit and vegetables which is simple for operation, no pollution, and in accordance with the requirement of green food. It is reported that UV-C treatment can improve the activity of defense enzyme and increase disease resistance of fruit and vegetables and promote the production of phenols and flavoniods. Fragrant pear produced in korla area is an economically important fruit in daily consumption. The aim of the paper is to study the effect of different doses of UV-C treatment on the quality and antioxidant system of fragrant pear.
The effect of different doses of UV-C irradiation on the physical quality of fragrant pear during storage was investigated. After UV-C treatment, the storage quality and nutrients of fragrant pear were better kept. Firmness and weight loss rate is the important index of fragrant pear. The UV-C treatment delayed the decline of firmness and reduced the weight loss which means the UV-C treatment can better maintain the quality of the appearance of the fragrant pears during the storage. UV-C treatment can delay the peak of respiration and ethylene release. This experiment showed that UV-C is effective in keeping the content of total soluble sugar. Also UV-C treatment reduced the accumulation of MDA and delayed increasing of the cell membrane permeability. However, UV-C treatment has little effect on titratable acid and soluble solid content.
Phenolics and VC are important antioxidants in fruits and vegetables. The experimental results show that the UV-C treatment tended to reduce content of VC in fragrant pear but this effect was not statistically significant. UV-C treatment can increase the content of phenolics in fragrant pear. The dose of3kJ/m2UV-C treatment resulted significantly increased secondary metabolism of total polyphenols and flavonoids. It also improved FRAP and DPPH free radical scavenge capacity. The effect of6kJ/m2UV-C treatment is not as good as3kJ/m-. The results showed that appropriate doses of UV-C treatment can improve the antioxidant capacity in postharvest fragrant pear.
Numerous studies show that aging is closely associated with reactive oxygen species. Aging is the result of biological active oxygen accumulated in the body. SOD in plant disproportionated O2-as H2O2and O2, and the POD, CAT, etc tuned the H2O2into H2O, so as to relieve the ROS damage. Experiment showed that the mining of fragrant pear with APX, SOD, CAT enzyme activity are declining with the extension of storage time. After the declining ability of scavenging free radicals of fragrant pear, so that the activity of free radicals increased, membrane lipid peroxidation enhanced, fruit cell membrane was damaged. And UV-C treatment can delay the reactive oxygen species metabolism related enzymes.APX and SOD, CAT activity decreased, which is beneficial to the removal of the reactive oxygen species, so as to maintain the balance of active oxygen metabolism.PAL enzyme activity increased after UV-C irradiation which promoted the total phenol accumulation. The POD and PPO activity increased with the extension of storage time but UV-C irradiation treatment can delay the change. And the enzyme related to cell wall degradation of cellulose enzyme and beta-glycosidase enzymes reduced after irradiation treatment which means it is benefical to keep the firmness and the taste of fragrant pear
The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was used for monomer polyphenols content in the fragrant pear. The main phenolic acid compound in fragrant pear was chlorogenic acid and the main flavonoids substances was catechins and rutin. The phenolics content in the UV-C treatment group is higher than in the control group, while the phenolics content of3kJ/m2treatment group was higher than6kJ/m2treatment group.
本文研究不同剂量UV-C照射处理香梨在20℃贮藏期间香梨的生理品质的影响,探讨了UV-C照射剂量与香梨采后品质变化的关系。短波紫外线照射处理之后,库尔勒香梨的贮藏品质和营养成分得到了良好的保持。硬度和失重率是香梨重要的外观指标,紫外照射处理后延缓了硬度的下降,降低了失重率,这说明紫外照射处理能够有效的提高香梨贮藏期间的外观品质。短波紫外照射处理可以延缓呼吸和乙烯释放高峰的来临。同时本实验表明短波紫外照射有利于可溶性总糖含量保持,降低了丙二醛含量的累积,延缓细胞膜透性增大。而短波紫外线照射对于可滴定酸和可溶性固形物含量的影响不大。
本文研究了香梨贮藏期间抗氧化物质含量的变化。多酚类物质和维生素C是果蔬中重要的抗氧化剂,是香梨中重要的营养物质。实验结果表明,短波紫外照射处理促进香梨中VC的含量下降,但和对照没有显著差异。同时不同剂量UV-C可以在不同程度上提高酚类物质的含量。3kJ/m2UV-C照射增加总酚和总黄酮的次生代谢合成,提高FRAP值和DPPH自由基清除率。高剂量的6kJ/m2处理效果没有低剂量处理效果好,但是也始终高于对照组。适宜剂量的UV-C处理有利于提高采后香梨抗氧化能力。
本文对活性氧代谢清除系统中相关酶活性进行测定,同时也监测了引起果蔬软化相关的酶活性变化。大量研究表明,衰老与活性氧关系密切。衰老是生物体内活性氧累积的结果。在植物体内SOD可将02.歧化成H202和02,然后由POD、CAT等分解成H20,从而缓解ROS伤害。实验表明香梨采后随着贮藏时间的延长,其中APX、SOD、CAT酶活均呈下降趋势,说明采后香梨清除自由基的能力不断下降,从而使活性自由基增多,膜脂过氧化作用加强,果实细胞膜遭到破坏。而紫外照射处理可以在不同程度上延缓活性氧代谢相关酶APX、SOD、CAT活性的下降,这有利于活性氧的清除,从而维持活性氧代谢的平衡。UV-C照射增加PAL酶活性,促进了多酚次生代谢的积累。而POD和PPO活性随着贮藏时间的延长而增加,UV-C照射处理能延缓这种变化。而和细胞壁降解相关的纤维素酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶活性UV-C照射处理后降低,更有利于保持香梨的脆度和口感
本文采用高效液相色谱法对香梨中单体多酚物质含量变化进行了测定。结果表明香梨中最主要的酚酸类化合物为绿原酸,主要类黄酮物质为儿茶素和芦丁。短波紫外线处理组中酚类物质含量高于对照组,而3kJ/m2处理组的酚类物质含量又高于6kJ/m2处理组。
In recent years, there have been many studies about the correlation between the intake of fruit and vegetables and disease prevention and anti-aging. UV-C irradiation is a new method for postharvest treatment of fruit and vegetables which is simple for operation, no pollution, and in accordance with the requirement of green food. It is reported that UV-C treatment can improve the activity of defense enzyme and increase disease resistance of fruit and vegetables and promote the production of phenols and flavoniods. Fragrant pear produced in korla area is an economically important fruit in daily consumption. The aim of the paper is to study the effect of different doses of UV-C treatment on the quality and antioxidant system of fragrant pear.
The effect of different doses of UV-C irradiation on the physical quality of fragrant pear during storage was investigated. After UV-C treatment, the storage quality and nutrients of fragrant pear were better kept. Firmness and weight loss rate is the important index of fragrant pear. The UV-C treatment delayed the decline of firmness and reduced the weight loss which means the UV-C treatment can better maintain the quality of the appearance of the fragrant pears during the storage. UV-C treatment can delay the peak of respiration and ethylene release. This experiment showed that UV-C is effective in keeping the content of total soluble sugar. Also UV-C treatment reduced the accumulation of MDA and delayed increasing of the cell membrane permeability. However, UV-C treatment has little effect on titratable acid and soluble solid content.
Phenolics and VC are important antioxidants in fruits and vegetables. The experimental results show that the UV-C treatment tended to reduce content of VC in fragrant pear but this effect was not statistically significant. UV-C treatment can increase the content of phenolics in fragrant pear. The dose of3kJ/m2UV-C treatment resulted significantly increased secondary metabolism of total polyphenols and flavonoids. It also improved FRAP and DPPH free radical scavenge capacity. The effect of6kJ/m2UV-C treatment is not as good as3kJ/m-. The results showed that appropriate doses of UV-C treatment can improve the antioxidant capacity in postharvest fragrant pear.
Numerous studies show that aging is closely associated with reactive oxygen species. Aging is the result of biological active oxygen accumulated in the body. SOD in plant disproportionated O2-as H2O2and O2, and the POD, CAT, etc tuned the H2O2into H2O, so as to relieve the ROS damage. Experiment showed that the mining of fragrant pear with APX, SOD, CAT enzyme activity are declining with the extension of storage time. After the declining ability of scavenging free radicals of fragrant pear, so that the activity of free radicals increased, membrane lipid peroxidation enhanced, fruit cell membrane was damaged. And UV-C treatment can delay the reactive oxygen species metabolism related enzymes.APX and SOD, CAT activity decreased, which is beneficial to the removal of the reactive oxygen species, so as to maintain the balance of active oxygen metabolism.PAL enzyme activity increased after UV-C irradiation which promoted the total phenol accumulation. The POD and PPO activity increased with the extension of storage time but UV-C irradiation treatment can delay the change. And the enzyme related to cell wall degradation of cellulose enzyme and beta-glycosidase enzymes reduced after irradiation treatment which means it is benefical to keep the firmness and the taste of fragrant pear
The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was used for monomer polyphenols content in the fragrant pear. The main phenolic acid compound in fragrant pear was chlorogenic acid and the main flavonoids substances was catechins and rutin. The phenolics content in the UV-C treatment group is higher than in the control group, while the phenolics content of3kJ/m2treatment group was higher than6kJ/m2treatment group.
引文
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