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东方汽轮机厂生产业务外包若干问题研究
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摘要
在中国日益融入经济全球化和世界制造业中心逐步向中国转移的形势下,制造业的生产经营模式正从传统的封闭式、内向型向开放式、外向型转变;随着国际能源结构的调整和电力市场竞争的不断加剧,国内发电设备制造业经营模式面临着巨大的挑战。作为关系国家国计民生和国家安全的国内大型火电装备制造业的东方汽轮机厂,在经济全球化、竞争国际化、资源社会化的竞争环境中,在自身资源限制、能力局限、管理制约的条件下,选择生产外包是扩大规模、降低成本、减少风险、快速响应市场需求的有效经营模式,也是增强企业核心竞争能力和持续竞争优势的必由之路。
    本文就是在对外包相关理论进行回顾、对国际国内生产外包形势进行分析、对东汽所面临的外部竞争压力和内部资源约束进行研究的基础上,重点应用价值链的分解与整合等原理对东汽的生产业务流程进行了分析和分解,研究了东汽实施生产外包的基本目标,并提出了确定外包业务的主要策略。以期对正在谋求东汽更大发展、构想企业体制转变、推进企业经营方式转变的东汽经营管理者提供理论的依据与思路的借鉴,对正在设计和实施外包生产外包的东汽管理设计部门提供操作的指导,对国内相关行业企业尤其重大装备制造业企业设计和实施生产业务外包管理具有指导意义和借鉴作用,并为机械制造企业推进生产外包管理提供一定的思路借鉴和方法参考。
Since China is being integrated into economic globalization and the world's manufacturing center is moving to China, the production business in manufacture industry is transforming from the traditional close and introverted mode to open and extroverted mode. With the adjustment in the international energy structure and the increasing intensification of competition in the power market, the domestic power generation equipment manufacture industry in China is faced with giant challenges. For an enterprise like Dong Fang Steam Turbine Works (DFSTW), majoring in Chinese large thermal power equipment manufacture which has important connection with national economy and the people's livelihood, in the complex environment of economy globalization, competition internationalization and source socialization, on the condition of currently limited resource, capability and management ability, it is an effective business mode to choose outsourcing to realize production expansion, cost reduction, risk decrease and fast response to the market demand. This is also the only way to enforce the enterprise core competitiveness and to keep the lasting competition advantages.
    On the basis of the retrospect of outsourcing theory, the analysis of current international and domestic outsourcing state and the research on the external competition pressure and internal resource restriction of DFSTW, the
    
    production business flow is analyzed and discussed by applying the decomposition and integration theory of value chain. The basic target of outsourcing in DFSTW is studied and the major tactics for determining outsourcing business are put forward with a view to provide a theoretical basis and reference for train of thoughts to the top management of DFSTW who are seeking DFSTW's greater development, considering the transformation of enterprise business system and promoting the transformation of enterprise business mode, to give guide of operation to the enterprise management design institution in DFSTW that is engaged in designing and performing outsourcing production. The results of this paper is hopefully to have the function of guidance and reference to the design and performing of production outsourcing management for domestic enterprises in relevant industries especially major equipment manufacturing enterprises and provide certain reference in train of thoughts and methods to the machinery manufacture enterprise promoting production outsourcing.。
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