焊管无缝化的张力减径机计算机辅助孔型设计
摘要
焊管与无缝管最大的区别是焊管有一道焊缝,焊管无缝化是通过对焊管的一些深加工工序改造使焊管的管体与焊缝在几何尺寸、金相组织与机械性能等各方面的差异部分或全部消除,使其等同于无缝管。焊管生产相比于无缝管有以下优点:设备重量轻、建设投资少、生产成本低、管壁厚度小、精度高,而且,电焊钢管生产的机械化和自动化水平高,可进行连续作业,生产率高,劳动条件好。因此,在世界钢管产量中,高频直缝焊管所占比例不断增加,甚至在一些主要使用部门高频焊管已经取代了无缝钢管。
张力减径机是焊管无缝化生产的关键设备之一,工作原理是借助于一定数量具有特定孔型的轧辊机架,在按给定规律依次缩减钢管直径的同时,对钢管纵向施加可调比例的纵向拉力,从而达到所要求的钢管外径和壁厚,而且只需采用一两种规格的母管,即可获得产品大纲中所有的产品。
本文用实验的方法证明了焊管无缝化生产的可行性,探讨了张力减径机轧辊孔型设计的方法,分析了椭圆孔型和圆孔型的设计思路,并基于前人的研究成果,选择轧制力、轧制力矩及温降等模型,用Basic语言编制计算程序使整个设计形成可视化的界面,利用Visual Basic 6.0和AutoCAD2007之间的接口在VB环境下自动生成孔型尺寸图,并利用Visual Basic 6.0强大的数据库功能建立力能参数数据库和孔型道次数据库。最后,将所有数据以数据表的形式输出。
The largest difference between welded pipe and seamless pipe is that welded pipe has a weld. Making welded pipe seamless is having no difference between the tube and weld in the geometry, microstrucure and mechanical performance through the transformation of some deep-processing operations to the weld pipe. In this way weld pipe is equivalent to seamless pipe. Compared with the seamless pipe, the production of weld pipe has the following advantages: light weight equipment; less investment; low production costs; little wall thickness; high precision and the production of welded steel pipe has a high level of mechanization and automation; continuous operation; high productivity and good working conditions. Therefore, in the world steel production, the proportion of high-frequency straight seam welded pipe is increasing. Even in some of the major user departments, it has replaced seamless steel tube.
Stretch reducing mill is one of key equipment in the production of weld pipe seamless. The principle of work is to reduce pipe diameter by means of passing a number of specific rack roller by a given rule. At the same time, exert adjustable percentage of longitudinal tension, so as to achieve the required pipe diameter and wall thickness. And by means of the only parent with one or two standard pipes, we can get all the products in the product outline.
In this paper, the experiment proves the feasibility of production of weld pipe seamless. We discuss the roll pass design methods of stretch reducing mill, focusing on analyzing the oval pass and round pass design ideas, and based on previous research results, select the rolling force, rolling moment and the temperature drop models. We make use of basic language to write computer program in order to form the visual interface of entire design. We make use of The interface between Visual Basic 6.0 and AutoCAD2007 in the VB environment to generate hole size chart automatically, and make use of powerful database features of Visual Basic 6.0 to build force and energy parameters of the database and hole pass of the database. At last, output all the data in the form of data sheet.
张力减径机是焊管无缝化生产的关键设备之一,工作原理是借助于一定数量具有特定孔型的轧辊机架,在按给定规律依次缩减钢管直径的同时,对钢管纵向施加可调比例的纵向拉力,从而达到所要求的钢管外径和壁厚,而且只需采用一两种规格的母管,即可获得产品大纲中所有的产品。
本文用实验的方法证明了焊管无缝化生产的可行性,探讨了张力减径机轧辊孔型设计的方法,分析了椭圆孔型和圆孔型的设计思路,并基于前人的研究成果,选择轧制力、轧制力矩及温降等模型,用Basic语言编制计算程序使整个设计形成可视化的界面,利用Visual Basic 6.0和AutoCAD2007之间的接口在VB环境下自动生成孔型尺寸图,并利用Visual Basic 6.0强大的数据库功能建立力能参数数据库和孔型道次数据库。最后,将所有数据以数据表的形式输出。
The largest difference between welded pipe and seamless pipe is that welded pipe has a weld. Making welded pipe seamless is having no difference between the tube and weld in the geometry, microstrucure and mechanical performance through the transformation of some deep-processing operations to the weld pipe. In this way weld pipe is equivalent to seamless pipe. Compared with the seamless pipe, the production of weld pipe has the following advantages: light weight equipment; less investment; low production costs; little wall thickness; high precision and the production of welded steel pipe has a high level of mechanization and automation; continuous operation; high productivity and good working conditions. Therefore, in the world steel production, the proportion of high-frequency straight seam welded pipe is increasing. Even in some of the major user departments, it has replaced seamless steel tube.
Stretch reducing mill is one of key equipment in the production of weld pipe seamless. The principle of work is to reduce pipe diameter by means of passing a number of specific rack roller by a given rule. At the same time, exert adjustable percentage of longitudinal tension, so as to achieve the required pipe diameter and wall thickness. And by means of the only parent with one or two standard pipes, we can get all the products in the product outline.
In this paper, the experiment proves the feasibility of production of weld pipe seamless. We discuss the roll pass design methods of stretch reducing mill, focusing on analyzing the oval pass and round pass design ideas, and based on previous research results, select the rolling force, rolling moment and the temperature drop models. We make use of basic language to write computer program in order to form the visual interface of entire design. We make use of The interface between Visual Basic 6.0 and AutoCAD2007 in the VB environment to generate hole size chart automatically, and make use of powerful database features of Visual Basic 6.0 to build force and energy parameters of the database and hole pass of the database. At last, output all the data in the form of data sheet.
引文
1冀伟,赵实鸣,吴颖.焊管无缝化生产工艺技术的特点与应用前景.焊管, 1998(3): 1-5
2李云江,杨书田,赵亚坤.焊管生产线的无缝化改造及关键技术.焊管, 1998(3): 11-15
3汪汉明,丁玉梅,冀伟.对焊管无缝化方式的分析.焊管, 1999(7): 6-10
4李国祯.现代钢管轧制与工具设计原理.北京:冶金工业出版社, 2006: 231-295
5 Voswinkel. Process Management for Stretch-Reducing Rolling Mills. Tube Internatio- -nal, 1995: 75-79
6 Paul Bernardy and Hermann Moltner. Contribution to the Modeling of Stretch Reducing of Tubes. Steel Research, 1996: 36-42
7海市机械制造工艺研究所.金相分析技术.上海科学技术文献出版社出版发行, 1995: 45-62
8顾纪清,阳代军.管道焊接技术.北京:化学工业出版社, 2006(8): 15-36
9张召全.钢管张力减径机力能参数的研究. [燕山大学工学硕士学位论文]. 1991: 58-63
10龚尧,周国盈.连轧钢管.北京:冶金工业出版社, 1992: 78-92
11金如崧译注.三辊轧管机和张力减径机.钢管, 2002(4): 10-14
12太原重型机器厂设计科译.张力减径机.北京:机械工艺出版社, 1976: 35-63
13易兴斌.热轧无缝钢管轧机选型的探讨.钢铁技术, 2007(6): 6-10
14孙斌煜,张芳萍,薛钟明.张力减径机孔型设计系统.太原重型学院学报, 2006(9): 11-14
15李辉,李青.张力减径机孔型设计初探.一重技术, 2004(3): 20-24
16金如崧,李长穆等编译.钢管张力减径.北京:中国工业出版社, 1966: 76-93
17周研.钢管微张力减径工艺参数研究及软件开发. [太原科技大学硕士学位论文]. 2008: 53-64
18仝建丽.张力减径机传动系统分析与比较.科学之友, 2007(10): 21-24
19叶志海.一种张力减径机速度制度的设定.黑龙江冶金, 2009(6): 15-20
20于俊春,郭长武.双电机集中差速传动张力减径电机速度的计算.钢铁, 2001(8): 11-14
21肖迪,王会民.集中差速张力减径机速度制度的分析.轧钢, 2002(3): 5-9
22赵智强.分组集中差速外传动张力减径机的特点和设计.机械管理开发, 2009(2):10-15
23李长穆,丁大宇.集中变速传动的张力减径机.钢管技术, 1983(1): 20-24
24马辉,韩明旭.微张力减径机孔型设计和轧制表计算方法.鞍钢技术, 2004(6): 21-24
25韩宝云,郭烽.钢管张力减径工艺设计与仿真软件的开发.轧钢, 2002(5): 14-18
26 H.J Pehle P.Thieven. Improving the Quality of Stretch-Teduced Tubes. Tube and Pipe International, 2007(1): 81-83
27 M. Janik, H. Dyja. Process Management for Strech-Reducing Tube Rolling Mills. Tube International, 1995: 75-79
28 H. J. Pehle. Position and Future Prospects of the Seamless Steel Tube. Tube and Pipe International, 2006: 34-38
29王宁.张减机椭圆孔型设计.钢管, 1990(4): 6-10
30王宁.张力减径机圆孔型设计及其应用.钢铁, 1994(4): 25-29
31 Laila S. Bayoum. Analysis of Flow and Stresses in a Tube Stretch Reducing Hot Rolling Schedule. International Journal of Mechanical Science, 2007(4):15-19
32 Voswinckel. Process Management for Stretch-Stretch-Reducing Tube Rolling Mills. Tube International, 1995, 64(14): 75
33赵松筠,唐文林.型钢孔型设计.北京:冶金工业出版社, 2000: 86-98
34张小平,秦建平.轧制理论.北京:冶金工业出版社, 2006: 74-88
35曹燕,杨红,任延斌.计算机辅助孔型设计技术的发展.钢铁, 1995, 30(6): 74-78
36鹿守理.计算机辅助孔型设计.北京:冶金工业出版社, 1993: 25-40
37 Sodani Hirakawa. Mechanism of Polygoning Formation of Stretch-Reducing. Advanced Technology of Plasticity, 1987: 24-28
38 H.J Pehle. Internal Polygon Formation Stretch-Reduced Tubes. Tube International, 1993(12): 326-331
39 K. F. Kennedy and T. Altan. Computer-Aided Analysis of Metal Flow Stresses and Roll Pass Design in Rod Rolling. Iron and Steel Engineer, 1983: 16-19
40 T. Altan. CAD/CAM of Tilling Process for Plastic Working. Advanced Technology of Plasticity, 1984: 35-39
41 P. J. Mauk, R. Kopp. Computer-Aided Roll Pass Design. Practical Experience Example of Result, 1982: 12-16
42贾丽娜.棒材连续切分轧制计算机辅助孔型设计. [燕山大学工学硕士学位论文]. 2004: 45-53
43于俊春.钢管张力减径孔型椭圆度的设计.轧钢, 2001(1): 6-10
44 L. N. Pussegoda, R.Barbosa, and P, J. Hunt. Laboratory Simulation of Seamless-Tube Rolling. Journal of Materials Processing Technologh, 1991(25):69-90
45 G. Vasey and D. J. Naylor. Fundamentals of Microalloying Forging Steels. Iron andSteel Engineer, 1987: 217-233
46 C. M. Sellars, A. Whiteman. Recrystallization and Grain Growth in Hot Rolling. Met. Science, 1979(13) :187-194
47 T. Siwecki , WoRoberts. Technology and Applications. Iron and Steel Engineer, 1984: 67-84
48张芳萍,杜晓钟.张力减径机轧辊孔型设计方法的研究.现代制造工程, 2006(10): 15-19
49刘瑞新,汪远征. Visual Basic程序设计教程.北京:机械工业出版社, 2007: 68-103
50张卫华.中文Visual Basic6.0编程技术.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 1999: 339-358
51 W. P. Sun, E. B. Hawbolt. Comparison between Static and Metadynamic Recrystallization.ISIJ International, 1997, 37(10):1000-1004
52 H. C. Kwon, Y. T. Im. Interactive Comuter-aided-design System for Roll Pass and Profile Design in Bar Rolling. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2006: 399-405
53 T. M. Maccagno, J. J. Jonas. Spreadsheet Modeling of Grain Size Evolution during Rod Rolling. ISIJ International, 1996, 36(6): 720-728
54 H. S. Kim, Y. T. Im. A Study on Automation of Roll Pass and Roll Profile Design in Shape Rolling. Proceeding of the Second Symposium on Rolling Pohang, South Korea, 1997: 607-627
55周国民. Visual Basic+Access数据库项目开发实践.中国铁道出版社, 2006: 79-96
56陈黎安,周玲玲.数据库技术与应用.东北财经大学出版社, 2007: 132-143
57张晋西. Visual Basic与AutoCAD二次开发.清华大学出版社, 2006: 54-86
58刘阳,王学慧.用VB开发CAD进行参数化辅助孔型设计.河北理工大学学报, 2008(4): 10-14
59张国宝. AutoCAD与Visual Basic开发技术.北京:科学出版社, 2000: 15-35
60沈祥玖. VB程序设计.北京:高等教育出版社, 2007: 30-41
2李云江,杨书田,赵亚坤.焊管生产线的无缝化改造及关键技术.焊管, 1998(3): 11-15
3汪汉明,丁玉梅,冀伟.对焊管无缝化方式的分析.焊管, 1999(7): 6-10
4李国祯.现代钢管轧制与工具设计原理.北京:冶金工业出版社, 2006: 231-295
5 Voswinkel. Process Management for Stretch-Reducing Rolling Mills. Tube Internatio- -nal, 1995: 75-79
6 Paul Bernardy and Hermann Moltner. Contribution to the Modeling of Stretch Reducing of Tubes. Steel Research, 1996: 36-42
7海市机械制造工艺研究所.金相分析技术.上海科学技术文献出版社出版发行, 1995: 45-62
8顾纪清,阳代军.管道焊接技术.北京:化学工业出版社, 2006(8): 15-36
9张召全.钢管张力减径机力能参数的研究. [燕山大学工学硕士学位论文]. 1991: 58-63
10龚尧,周国盈.连轧钢管.北京:冶金工业出版社, 1992: 78-92
11金如崧译注.三辊轧管机和张力减径机.钢管, 2002(4): 10-14
12太原重型机器厂设计科译.张力减径机.北京:机械工艺出版社, 1976: 35-63
13易兴斌.热轧无缝钢管轧机选型的探讨.钢铁技术, 2007(6): 6-10
14孙斌煜,张芳萍,薛钟明.张力减径机孔型设计系统.太原重型学院学报, 2006(9): 11-14
15李辉,李青.张力减径机孔型设计初探.一重技术, 2004(3): 20-24
16金如崧,李长穆等编译.钢管张力减径.北京:中国工业出版社, 1966: 76-93
17周研.钢管微张力减径工艺参数研究及软件开发. [太原科技大学硕士学位论文]. 2008: 53-64
18仝建丽.张力减径机传动系统分析与比较.科学之友, 2007(10): 21-24
19叶志海.一种张力减径机速度制度的设定.黑龙江冶金, 2009(6): 15-20
20于俊春,郭长武.双电机集中差速传动张力减径电机速度的计算.钢铁, 2001(8): 11-14
21肖迪,王会民.集中差速张力减径机速度制度的分析.轧钢, 2002(3): 5-9
22赵智强.分组集中差速外传动张力减径机的特点和设计.机械管理开发, 2009(2):10-15
23李长穆,丁大宇.集中变速传动的张力减径机.钢管技术, 1983(1): 20-24
24马辉,韩明旭.微张力减径机孔型设计和轧制表计算方法.鞍钢技术, 2004(6): 21-24
25韩宝云,郭烽.钢管张力减径工艺设计与仿真软件的开发.轧钢, 2002(5): 14-18
26 H.J Pehle P.Thieven. Improving the Quality of Stretch-Teduced Tubes. Tube and Pipe International, 2007(1): 81-83
27 M. Janik, H. Dyja. Process Management for Strech-Reducing Tube Rolling Mills. Tube International, 1995: 75-79
28 H. J. Pehle. Position and Future Prospects of the Seamless Steel Tube. Tube and Pipe International, 2006: 34-38
29王宁.张减机椭圆孔型设计.钢管, 1990(4): 6-10
30王宁.张力减径机圆孔型设计及其应用.钢铁, 1994(4): 25-29
31 Laila S. Bayoum. Analysis of Flow and Stresses in a Tube Stretch Reducing Hot Rolling Schedule. International Journal of Mechanical Science, 2007(4):15-19
32 Voswinckel. Process Management for Stretch-Stretch-Reducing Tube Rolling Mills. Tube International, 1995, 64(14): 75
33赵松筠,唐文林.型钢孔型设计.北京:冶金工业出版社, 2000: 86-98
34张小平,秦建平.轧制理论.北京:冶金工业出版社, 2006: 74-88
35曹燕,杨红,任延斌.计算机辅助孔型设计技术的发展.钢铁, 1995, 30(6): 74-78
36鹿守理.计算机辅助孔型设计.北京:冶金工业出版社, 1993: 25-40
37 Sodani Hirakawa. Mechanism of Polygoning Formation of Stretch-Reducing. Advanced Technology of Plasticity, 1987: 24-28
38 H.J Pehle. Internal Polygon Formation Stretch-Reduced Tubes. Tube International, 1993(12): 326-331
39 K. F. Kennedy and T. Altan. Computer-Aided Analysis of Metal Flow Stresses and Roll Pass Design in Rod Rolling. Iron and Steel Engineer, 1983: 16-19
40 T. Altan. CAD/CAM of Tilling Process for Plastic Working. Advanced Technology of Plasticity, 1984: 35-39
41 P. J. Mauk, R. Kopp. Computer-Aided Roll Pass Design. Practical Experience Example of Result, 1982: 12-16
42贾丽娜.棒材连续切分轧制计算机辅助孔型设计. [燕山大学工学硕士学位论文]. 2004: 45-53
43于俊春.钢管张力减径孔型椭圆度的设计.轧钢, 2001(1): 6-10
44 L. N. Pussegoda, R.Barbosa, and P, J. Hunt. Laboratory Simulation of Seamless-Tube Rolling. Journal of Materials Processing Technologh, 1991(25):69-90
45 G. Vasey and D. J. Naylor. Fundamentals of Microalloying Forging Steels. Iron andSteel Engineer, 1987: 217-233
46 C. M. Sellars, A. Whiteman. Recrystallization and Grain Growth in Hot Rolling. Met. Science, 1979(13) :187-194
47 T. Siwecki , WoRoberts. Technology and Applications. Iron and Steel Engineer, 1984: 67-84
48张芳萍,杜晓钟.张力减径机轧辊孔型设计方法的研究.现代制造工程, 2006(10): 15-19
49刘瑞新,汪远征. Visual Basic程序设计教程.北京:机械工业出版社, 2007: 68-103
50张卫华.中文Visual Basic6.0编程技术.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 1999: 339-358
51 W. P. Sun, E. B. Hawbolt. Comparison between Static and Metadynamic Recrystallization.ISIJ International, 1997, 37(10):1000-1004
52 H. C. Kwon, Y. T. Im. Interactive Comuter-aided-design System for Roll Pass and Profile Design in Bar Rolling. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2006: 399-405
53 T. M. Maccagno, J. J. Jonas. Spreadsheet Modeling of Grain Size Evolution during Rod Rolling. ISIJ International, 1996, 36(6): 720-728
54 H. S. Kim, Y. T. Im. A Study on Automation of Roll Pass and Roll Profile Design in Shape Rolling. Proceeding of the Second Symposium on Rolling Pohang, South Korea, 1997: 607-627
55周国民. Visual Basic+Access数据库项目开发实践.中国铁道出版社, 2006: 79-96
56陈黎安,周玲玲.数据库技术与应用.东北财经大学出版社, 2007: 132-143
57张晋西. Visual Basic与AutoCAD二次开发.清华大学出版社, 2006: 54-86
58刘阳,王学慧.用VB开发CAD进行参数化辅助孔型设计.河北理工大学学报, 2008(4): 10-14
59张国宝. AutoCAD与Visual Basic开发技术.北京:科学出版社, 2000: 15-35
60沈祥玖. VB程序设计.北京:高等教育出版社, 2007: 30-41