土库曼斯坦阿姆河右岸三维勘探区侏罗系盐下礁体识别及目标选择
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摘要
阿姆河右岸三维区块位于土库曼斯坦阿姆河盆地查尔朱台阶的中西部,三维区面积3400km~2,勘探的主要目的层为上侏罗统卡洛夫-牛津阶碳酸盐岩储层。
本文利用该三维地震数据的解释成果,结合地质、钻井和测井等资料,开展了该区构造演化、目的储层的沉积环境、构造与断裂特征等分析研究工作。研究结果表明:该区主要经历了二叠纪-早侏罗世裂谷盆地、晚侏罗世-早第三纪坳陷盆地、晚第三纪-第四纪期前陆盆地等三个演化阶段。上侏罗统卡洛夫-牛津阶碳酸盐岩在该区的沉积环境主要为台地边缘、开阔台地和台地边缘缓坡。该区的断裂主要发育了两期:二叠纪-早侏罗世裂谷期的张性断裂和晚第三纪-第四纪喜山运动形成的逆冲断裂及走滑断裂。
在此研究基础上,针对生物礁特殊的沉积环境、地质格架和在地震剖面中特殊的地震响应特征,本文利用礁体的沉积环境分析、礁体特殊的地震属性、礁体的声波特征、礁体的厚度异常特征和礁体上覆盐层的变形差异等方面有效地综合识别和预测生物礁。礁体的沉积环境主要为台地边缘或相邻的缓坡地带。礁体在地震剖面上主要表现为底平顶凸、内幕杂乱、翼部上覆地层具有超覆等反射特征。而且由于礁体生物碎屑的快速堆积,生长速度明显比普通台地碳酸盐岩的沉积较快,因此,厚度较大。礁体具有较好的孔隙结构在声波测井上表现为相对低速。同时由于上覆盐层的塑性流动,盐层往往在礁体的翼部堆积形成较厚的盐丘或盐枕,而高部位反而变薄。通过识别和预测研究,在该区共发现点礁或礁滩等有利储层发育带631km~2。并在此基础上形成了一套礁体综合识别、预测和评价的配套技术和方法。通过识别和预测分析,证实该区生物礁类型主要为两种:一种是台地边缘堤礁带,如萨曼杰佩、雅什尔捷佩等气田的主要储层类型;第二种为台地前缘或斜坡区发育的点礁或礁滩带,如皮尔古伊、杨古伊等气藏的储层类型。
通过对油气聚集规律的总结和A、B区生物礁体不同的成藏模式分析。为该区的油气勘探提出了有利的钻探目标,而且在勘探实践中已经取得良好的效果。
The 3D seismic block with area 3400 km2 is located on the middle-west part of Chaerju tectonic zone of Armu basin,Turkimanistan.The carbonate of Carluofu-Oxford formation is the major exploration target.
This article has developed studying on tectonic evolving,sedimentary environment of target reservoir,structures and faults analysis on the basis of the result of seismic data interpretation,geology,drilled wells and well logs.The results of study could reveal that the work area has three historic tectonic events: the period of valley basin on P-early J era,the period of stable basin on late J-early Tertiary era and the period of foreland basin on late Tertiary -Quaternary era.The sedimentary environment for the carbonate of Carluofu-Oxford formation may be the platform margin,the wide platform or slope close to margin. There are two types faults happened during two periodic eras:the normal faults formed on the period of valley basin and the reverse faults or shift faults formed on the period of foreland basin.
On the basis of results by integrated study,according to the special sediment, geo-frame and abnormal seismic response,we could identify,predict and evaluate biogenic reefs through sedimentary analysis,tracking seismic attribute,sonic log, abnormal thickness of biogenic reef and the different deformation of salt overlay on the biogenic reefs.The main sediment environment for biogenic reefs is plat margin or slope close to margin.The seismic response for biogenic reefs display special reflections such as flat bottom,arch top and scatter or blank reflection inside.The thickness is much larger for biogenic reefs than that of normal carbonate strata just because biogenic reefs grew up very quickly with died biology bodies piled up heavily.Moreover,the salt overlay on the coral reef could form thick salt pillow on the tails for the character of flowing of coral reef and become thin on the main body of biogenic reef on the contrast.As a result,we have found,predicted and identified biogenic reefs zone with area 631 km~2.Base on the above,we have concluded a series of methods to identify,predict and evaluate biogenic reefs.There are two types of biogenic reefs according to study: one is barrier reef zone located on the plat margin such as Samandepe reservoir, Yashyldepe reservoir.The second is dot reef or reef-shoal zone located on the front margin or slope to deep water such as Tangygui reservoir,Pirgui reservoir and Yangui reservoir.
On the basis of analysis the rule of oil or gas assembled and different reservoir model for coral reef on A,B block,we have provided many exploration targets to drill,which have been applied into exploration effectively.
本文利用该三维地震数据的解释成果,结合地质、钻井和测井等资料,开展了该区构造演化、目的储层的沉积环境、构造与断裂特征等分析研究工作。研究结果表明:该区主要经历了二叠纪-早侏罗世裂谷盆地、晚侏罗世-早第三纪坳陷盆地、晚第三纪-第四纪期前陆盆地等三个演化阶段。上侏罗统卡洛夫-牛津阶碳酸盐岩在该区的沉积环境主要为台地边缘、开阔台地和台地边缘缓坡。该区的断裂主要发育了两期:二叠纪-早侏罗世裂谷期的张性断裂和晚第三纪-第四纪喜山运动形成的逆冲断裂及走滑断裂。
在此研究基础上,针对生物礁特殊的沉积环境、地质格架和在地震剖面中特殊的地震响应特征,本文利用礁体的沉积环境分析、礁体特殊的地震属性、礁体的声波特征、礁体的厚度异常特征和礁体上覆盐层的变形差异等方面有效地综合识别和预测生物礁。礁体的沉积环境主要为台地边缘或相邻的缓坡地带。礁体在地震剖面上主要表现为底平顶凸、内幕杂乱、翼部上覆地层具有超覆等反射特征。而且由于礁体生物碎屑的快速堆积,生长速度明显比普通台地碳酸盐岩的沉积较快,因此,厚度较大。礁体具有较好的孔隙结构在声波测井上表现为相对低速。同时由于上覆盐层的塑性流动,盐层往往在礁体的翼部堆积形成较厚的盐丘或盐枕,而高部位反而变薄。通过识别和预测研究,在该区共发现点礁或礁滩等有利储层发育带631km~2。并在此基础上形成了一套礁体综合识别、预测和评价的配套技术和方法。通过识别和预测分析,证实该区生物礁类型主要为两种:一种是台地边缘堤礁带,如萨曼杰佩、雅什尔捷佩等气田的主要储层类型;第二种为台地前缘或斜坡区发育的点礁或礁滩带,如皮尔古伊、杨古伊等气藏的储层类型。
通过对油气聚集规律的总结和A、B区生物礁体不同的成藏模式分析。为该区的油气勘探提出了有利的钻探目标,而且在勘探实践中已经取得良好的效果。
The 3D seismic block with area 3400 km2 is located on the middle-west part of Chaerju tectonic zone of Armu basin,Turkimanistan.The carbonate of Carluofu-Oxford formation is the major exploration target.
This article has developed studying on tectonic evolving,sedimentary environment of target reservoir,structures and faults analysis on the basis of the result of seismic data interpretation,geology,drilled wells and well logs.The results of study could reveal that the work area has three historic tectonic events: the period of valley basin on P-early J era,the period of stable basin on late J-early Tertiary era and the period of foreland basin on late Tertiary -Quaternary era.The sedimentary environment for the carbonate of Carluofu-Oxford formation may be the platform margin,the wide platform or slope close to margin. There are two types faults happened during two periodic eras:the normal faults formed on the period of valley basin and the reverse faults or shift faults formed on the period of foreland basin.
On the basis of results by integrated study,according to the special sediment, geo-frame and abnormal seismic response,we could identify,predict and evaluate biogenic reefs through sedimentary analysis,tracking seismic attribute,sonic log, abnormal thickness of biogenic reef and the different deformation of salt overlay on the biogenic reefs.The main sediment environment for biogenic reefs is plat margin or slope close to margin.The seismic response for biogenic reefs display special reflections such as flat bottom,arch top and scatter or blank reflection inside.The thickness is much larger for biogenic reefs than that of normal carbonate strata just because biogenic reefs grew up very quickly with died biology bodies piled up heavily.Moreover,the salt overlay on the coral reef could form thick salt pillow on the tails for the character of flowing of coral reef and become thin on the main body of biogenic reef on the contrast.As a result,we have found,predicted and identified biogenic reefs zone with area 631 km~2.Base on the above,we have concluded a series of methods to identify,predict and evaluate biogenic reefs.There are two types of biogenic reefs according to study: one is barrier reef zone located on the plat margin such as Samandepe reservoir, Yashyldepe reservoir.The second is dot reef or reef-shoal zone located on the front margin or slope to deep water such as Tangygui reservoir,Pirgui reservoir and Yangui reservoir.
On the basis of analysis the rule of oil or gas assembled and different reservoir model for coral reef on A,B block,we have provided many exploration targets to drill,which have been applied into exploration effectively.
引文
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