北京大气中多溴联苯醚和~7Be的同步观测及季节变化规律
摘要
本研究对北京市进行了大气中持久性有机污染物多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)和大气颗粒物中宇宙射线成因核素7Be的历时一年的同步采样和分析。对两者的污染状况、分布特征进行了较为系统的分析,对7Be的分布开展了调查,同时在POPs变化规律探索中创新性地加入了7Be指示作用的尝试。本文讨论了北京市大气颗粒物及气态PBDEs的时间变化规律,并与国内外大气中PBDEs的含量已发表的一些结果相对比,为进一步考察大气中PBDEs的分布及治理提供参考。
对大气样品分析的结果表明,蒸汽态和颗粒态的大气中PBDEs的时间分布具有一定的规律性。蒸汽态和颗粒态中总PBDEs主要是以BDE-209为主。
对北京大气颗粒物中PBDEs以及7Be分析得出如下结论：北京市大气颗粒物和气相中PBDEs遵循一定的的季节变化模式,即大体上同时增大或同时较小,但增大或减小的比例随时间变化并不是均匀的。大气颗粒物中POPs含量的变化与某些气象条件的变化有直接联系,如降水、风向对其影响较为明显,而正常自然温度的变化与大气中PBDEs的含量的高低并没有显著的相关性。
北京市大气颗粒物中7Be浓度高于全球年平均观测值(3.5 mBq/m3),浓度变化范围为4.90～15.64 mBq/m3,平均值为8.64 mBq/m3,最低值出现在2月,最高值出现在9月。影响近地表大气颗粒物中7Be浓度的因素主要为纬度、大气传输。数据显示,7Be与PBDEs在不同季节、不同的纬度区域,分布上既存在有共性的变化趋势也存在差异性；其共性表现在在夏季和秋季降雨是影响大气中7Be和PBDEs的最主要因素,其差异性表现在7Be与各有机化合物的来源不同。在7Be波动不大的区域,可以用POPs化合物与7Be的浓度比值来反映该POPs化合物来源的波动。
This study of Beijing persistent organic pollutants in the atmosphere of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and atmospheric particulate matter in the cosmic ray nuclide'Be has investigated last years synchronous sampling and analysis. Investigation focus on analysis of POPs polluting condition and the distribution characteristics, and try to carry on an innovative exploration in 7Be tracing effect for POPs. The page discusses temporal variation of PBDEs in particulate and gaseous form in Beijing atmosphere by comparing the result data which has been published home and abroad. The page can offer an reference for further study on distribution and disposal of PBDEs
Analysis results show that PBDEs of particulate and gaseous form has a certain temporal regularity. And total PBDEsare mainly composed by BDE-209.
Analysis on PBDEs and'Be in Beijing atmospheric particulate matter gives out the following conclusions:atmospheric particlate and the gaseous PBDEs of Beijing follows a certain pattern, which generally increases or decrease at the same time, but the proportion is not fixed.Content changes has a straight connection with weather such as precipitation, wind whose impact is much more obvious, while temperature changes shows less corelation.
Concentration of 7Be in in Beijing atmospheric particulate matter is higherthan the global average (3.5 mBq/m3), which is in range of 4.90～15.64 mBq/m3 with an average of 8.64 mBq/m3, the minimum is found in February, the highest is in September. Factors that can affect the concentration of 7Be conclude latitude, atmospheric transport.Data show, the variation of Be and PBDEs shares some common trend but also shows differce in different seasons and different latitudes, so does the distribution.The common facet shows that summer and autumn rainfall is most important factor that affect the concentration of 7Be and PBDEs,.The differences exsit in different sources. In the area with little 7Be fluctuation, we can use the concentration ratio of POPs and 7Be to reflect fluctuations in the source of POPs compounds.
对大气样品分析的结果表明,蒸汽态和颗粒态的大气中PBDEs的时间分布具有一定的规律性。蒸汽态和颗粒态中总PBDEs主要是以BDE-209为主。
对北京大气颗粒物中PBDEs以及7Be分析得出如下结论：北京市大气颗粒物和气相中PBDEs遵循一定的的季节变化模式,即大体上同时增大或同时较小,但增大或减小的比例随时间变化并不是均匀的。大气颗粒物中POPs含量的变化与某些气象条件的变化有直接联系,如降水、风向对其影响较为明显,而正常自然温度的变化与大气中PBDEs的含量的高低并没有显著的相关性。
北京市大气颗粒物中7Be浓度高于全球年平均观测值(3.5 mBq/m3),浓度变化范围为4.90～15.64 mBq/m3,平均值为8.64 mBq/m3,最低值出现在2月,最高值出现在9月。影响近地表大气颗粒物中7Be浓度的因素主要为纬度、大气传输。数据显示,7Be与PBDEs在不同季节、不同的纬度区域,分布上既存在有共性的变化趋势也存在差异性；其共性表现在在夏季和秋季降雨是影响大气中7Be和PBDEs的最主要因素,其差异性表现在7Be与各有机化合物的来源不同。在7Be波动不大的区域,可以用POPs化合物与7Be的浓度比值来反映该POPs化合物来源的波动。
This study of Beijing persistent organic pollutants in the atmosphere of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and atmospheric particulate matter in the cosmic ray nuclide'Be has investigated last years synchronous sampling and analysis. Investigation focus on analysis of POPs polluting condition and the distribution characteristics, and try to carry on an innovative exploration in 7Be tracing effect for POPs. The page discusses temporal variation of PBDEs in particulate and gaseous form in Beijing atmosphere by comparing the result data which has been published home and abroad. The page can offer an reference for further study on distribution and disposal of PBDEs
Analysis results show that PBDEs of particulate and gaseous form has a certain temporal regularity. And total PBDEsare mainly composed by BDE-209.
Analysis on PBDEs and'Be in Beijing atmospheric particulate matter gives out the following conclusions:atmospheric particlate and the gaseous PBDEs of Beijing follows a certain pattern, which generally increases or decrease at the same time, but the proportion is not fixed.Content changes has a straight connection with weather such as precipitation, wind whose impact is much more obvious, while temperature changes shows less corelation.
Concentration of 7Be in in Beijing atmospheric particulate matter is higherthan the global average (3.5 mBq/m3), which is in range of 4.90～15.64 mBq/m3 with an average of 8.64 mBq/m3, the minimum is found in February, the highest is in September. Factors that can affect the concentration of 7Be conclude latitude, atmospheric transport.Data show, the variation of Be and PBDEs shares some common trend but also shows differce in different seasons and different latitudes, so does the distribution.The common facet shows that summer and autumn rainfall is most important factor that affect the concentration of 7Be and PBDEs,.The differences exsit in different sources. In the area with little 7Be fluctuation, we can use the concentration ratio of POPs and 7Be to reflect fluctuations in the source of POPs compounds.
引文
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