AIM-120导弹制导引信一体化系统分析与仿真
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摘要
AIM-120先进中距空空导弹是当今世界服役最早、分布最广的第四代主动雷达型中距空空导弹,其突出特点之一是采用了制导引信一体化技术。制导引信一体化技术是引信技术的一个新的发展方向,它的优势在于可以充分利用导引头提供的弹-目交会信息,结合引信目标探测器获取的目标信息,预测战斗部的最佳炸点,使引信具有较强的自适应能力,提高了引-战配合效率。本文首先分析了AIM-120导弹的引信信号处理系统,接着分别讨论了当导引头提供和不提供弹-目交会信息时的起爆控制算法,最后利用Matlab实现了对AIM-120导弹引信系统建模,并验证了起爆控制算法的有效性。论文主要工作如下:
1.基于现有资料,推测AIM-120导弹引信信号处理方案,并根据AIM-120导弹的性能指标要求,设计引信发射信号的相关参数;
2.当导引头能提供弹-目距离、速度和视线方向时,本文研究了综合利用导引头和引信信息的制导引信信息一体化起爆控制算法,包括最佳起爆延迟时间和最佳起爆方位角的计算;
3.当导引头不提供弹-目交会信息时,引信需要利用自身探测获取的目标信息进行延时调整,本文讨论了一种处理速率较高的查表法;
4.利用Matlab搭建AIM-120导弹引信系统仿真平台;
5.采用相干视频信号仿真的方法,模拟引信信号的发射、经散射体反射、地(海)面杂波与接收机噪声叠加、以及信号处理的全过程;
6.设置不同的交会信息,将仿真得出的最佳起爆延迟时间和最佳起爆方位角与理想值进行比较分析,验证算法的有效性。
AIM-120, an advanced medium range air-to-air missile with the widest distribution in the world, is the earliest served missile in the 4th generation active radar missiles; one of its classical characters is that it takes the guidance integrated fuze technology. Guidance integrated fuze technology is a new developing direction of fuze technology. Compared with traditional guidance technology, it has more advantages, which can predict the optimal detonation point by making full use of missile-target encountering information and target information provided by guidance part, as well as enhance the adaptive capacity and the fuze-warhead coordination efficiency. In this dissertation, we focus on the AIM-120 missile. Firstly, we analyze its fuze signal processing system. And then, we discuss the burst control algorithms for encountering information provided by guidance or not. At last, we establish the fuse system of AIM-120 missile by Matlab software, and demonstrate the algorithms by experiments. The main contents of this dissertation are as follows:
1. The signal processing project of AIM-120 missile's fuze is concluded, based on the existing researches. The parameters of transmitting signal are conformed, according to the performance of AIM-120 missile.
2. When the distance, the velocity, and the sight line orientation between missile and target are provided by the guidance, a burst control algorithm is discussed based on the encountering information, which can achieve the calculations of the optimal delay time and initiating direction.
3. When the guidance couldn't provide encounter information, the fuze system has to adjust the delay time using target information from its own detective device. A rapid look-up table method is presented to solve this problem.
4. The simulation-platform of AIM-120 missile's fuse system is established by Matlab software.
5. Coherent video signal simulation methods are adopted to simulate the whole signal processing flow of the fuze signal, including transmitting, transferring, scattering, superposition, and the signal processing in the receiver.
6. Under different encountering conditions, comparing the predicting values with ideal values of the optimal delay time and initiating direction, the simulation results verified the efficiency of the burst control algorithms.
1.基于现有资料,推测AIM-120导弹引信信号处理方案,并根据AIM-120导弹的性能指标要求,设计引信发射信号的相关参数;
2.当导引头能提供弹-目距离、速度和视线方向时,本文研究了综合利用导引头和引信信息的制导引信信息一体化起爆控制算法,包括最佳起爆延迟时间和最佳起爆方位角的计算;
3.当导引头不提供弹-目交会信息时,引信需要利用自身探测获取的目标信息进行延时调整,本文讨论了一种处理速率较高的查表法;
4.利用Matlab搭建AIM-120导弹引信系统仿真平台;
5.采用相干视频信号仿真的方法,模拟引信信号的发射、经散射体反射、地(海)面杂波与接收机噪声叠加、以及信号处理的全过程;
6.设置不同的交会信息,将仿真得出的最佳起爆延迟时间和最佳起爆方位角与理想值进行比较分析,验证算法的有效性。
AIM-120, an advanced medium range air-to-air missile with the widest distribution in the world, is the earliest served missile in the 4th generation active radar missiles; one of its classical characters is that it takes the guidance integrated fuze technology. Guidance integrated fuze technology is a new developing direction of fuze technology. Compared with traditional guidance technology, it has more advantages, which can predict the optimal detonation point by making full use of missile-target encountering information and target information provided by guidance part, as well as enhance the adaptive capacity and the fuze-warhead coordination efficiency. In this dissertation, we focus on the AIM-120 missile. Firstly, we analyze its fuze signal processing system. And then, we discuss the burst control algorithms for encountering information provided by guidance or not. At last, we establish the fuse system of AIM-120 missile by Matlab software, and demonstrate the algorithms by experiments. The main contents of this dissertation are as follows:
1. The signal processing project of AIM-120 missile's fuze is concluded, based on the existing researches. The parameters of transmitting signal are conformed, according to the performance of AIM-120 missile.
2. When the distance, the velocity, and the sight line orientation between missile and target are provided by the guidance, a burst control algorithm is discussed based on the encountering information, which can achieve the calculations of the optimal delay time and initiating direction.
3. When the guidance couldn't provide encounter information, the fuze system has to adjust the delay time using target information from its own detective device. A rapid look-up table method is presented to solve this problem.
4. The simulation-platform of AIM-120 missile's fuse system is established by Matlab software.
5. Coherent video signal simulation methods are adopted to simulate the whole signal processing flow of the fuze signal, including transmitting, transferring, scattering, superposition, and the signal processing in the receiver.
6. Under different encountering conditions, comparing the predicting values with ideal values of the optimal delay time and initiating direction, the simulation results verified the efficiency of the burst control algorithms.
引文
[1]崔占忠,宋世和.近感引信原理(第一版).北京:北京理工大学出版社,1998, 8:1-3
[2]张玉铮.近炸引信设计原理.北京:北京理工大学出版社, 1996, 3:1-5, 138-142, 45, 185-193
[3]余叔涵.无线电引信原理.国防工业出版社, 1982:1-4, 106-110
[4]梁棠文,李玉清,何武城等.防空导弹引信设计及仿真技术.北京:中国宇航出版社, 1995, 12:22, 231-239
[5]张清泰.无线电引信总体设计原理(第1版).北京:国防工业出版社, 1985
[6]丁向军.反弹道导弹引信中GIF技术的应用研究: [硕士学位论文].南京:南京理工大学, 2004
[7]吴姗姗.制导引信一体化起爆算法研究: [硕士学位论文].南京:南京理工大学, 2008, 6
[8]庄志洪,张清泰.制导与引信一体化研究.现代引信, 1994, 3
[9]吴佩伦.国外防空导弹近炸引信主要关键技术和引信与导引头一体化设计分析.制导与引信, 1996, 1
[10]刘斌.樊养余.制导引信一体化技术及其典型应用.航空兵器, 2006, 6
[11]张玉铮,刘紫英.用微机实现引信自适应延时的研究.制导与引信, 1994, 3:24-31
[12]刁海南.一种计算雷达引信启动延时和起爆方位角的方法.兵工学报, 2001, 22(4):464-467
[13]朱景伟,胡昌振,谭惠民.利用弹上信息确定引信最佳延时研究.探测与控制学报, 2000, 22(3):24-27
[14]王亚平译,郭京周校.自适应近炸引信的发展.译自National Defence, 1982
[15]庄志鸿,张清泰,沈亮.导弹引信利用制导信息实现最佳炸点控制研究.航空兵器, 1996, 6:7-11
[16] Advanced Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missile Combat-proven performance and reliability. Raytheon Company, 2001
[17] Approved navy training system plan for the AIM-120 advanced medium range air-to-air missile N88-NTSP-A-50-8111C/A, June, 1998
[18]涂建平,彭应宁,袁正.引信对制导系统提供的目标信息综合利用研究.探测与控制学报, 2001, 9, 23(3)
[19]沈亮,宋龙.制导引信一体化仿真研究.航空兵器, 1995.6
[20]美AIM-120先进中程空空导弹,来自互联网:http://cidian.iask.sina.com.cn/cidian/browse.php?name=%C3%C0AIM120%CF%C8%BD%F8%D6%D0%BE%E0%BF%D5%BF%D5%B5%BC%B5%AF
[21]姜继庆.微波混合电路使AMRAAM具有小型化杀伤率高的特点.航空兵器, 1984, 3:41-43
[22]吕长起,胡金城. AIM-120空空导弹先进技术简析.航空兵器, 1994, 2
[23]由成之译,姜继庆校. AMRAAM的系统设计.航空兵器, 1992, 2.节译自AIAA-87-0462:Advanced Medium Range Air-to-Air Missile (AMRAAM) System Overview,原文作者为美国埃格林空军基地E. P. Bradley
[24]予阳.鉄翼长拳——美制AIM-120与俄制R-77比较.舰载武器, 2004, 1:59
[25]向敬成,张明友.雷达系统.电子工业出版社, 2001:103-112
[26]李玉清.近20年来国外导弹引信技术研究与发展概况.制导与引信, 2002, 23(3)
[27]梁棠文.国外防空导弹引信技术研究动向与发展趋势.制导与引信, 1994, 3:1-6
[28]张立东.柱形弹体引信天线布局与作用盲点分析.上海航天, 2004, 6:59-61
[29]李玉清.引信与制导系统一体化设计探讨.上海航天, 1994, 1
[30]李翔宇,卢芳云.可变形战斗部最佳起爆延时和起爆方位角研究.弹箭与制导学报, 2007, 27(3)
[31]郭宁.基于引信多普勒频率信号的脱靶量估算方法.现代防御技术, 2007, 35(2):31-33
[32]张志鸿.目标脱靶方向的识别.制导与引信, 1994, 4:16-21
[33] Diao Hainan, Lue Shanwei. A Short-ranged microwave sensor for direction detection of target. In: Rawat B S, Zhou Siyong. Proc of 6th ISRAMT’97. Beijing, China: Publishing House of Electronic Industry, 1997:591-594
[34]徐喜安.单脉冲雷达系统的建模与仿真研究: [硕士学位论文].成都:电子科技大学, 2006, 1
[35]刘学观,郭辉萍.微波技术与天线.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社, 2001:152_156
[36]王涛,李加琪.伪码调相PD引信体目标模拟系统设计.制导与引信, 2003, 24(2)
[37]章艳.脉冲体制引信目标模拟总体技术研究: [硕士学位论文].南京:南京理工大学, 2006, 6
[38]姜斌.地、海杂波建模及目标检测技术研究: [博士学位论文].长沙:国防科学技术大学, 2006, 10:2-7
[39]王心福.雷达恒虚警处理对噪声干扰的影响.电子对抗技术, 2000, 15(3)
[40]王意青,张明友.成都:电子科技大学出版社.雷达原理. 1993:125
[41]李元级.新一代空空导弹引信设计技术探讨.航空兵器, 1998, 1:23-28
[2]张玉铮.近炸引信设计原理.北京:北京理工大学出版社, 1996, 3:1-5, 138-142, 45, 185-193
[3]余叔涵.无线电引信原理.国防工业出版社, 1982:1-4, 106-110
[4]梁棠文,李玉清,何武城等.防空导弹引信设计及仿真技术.北京:中国宇航出版社, 1995, 12:22, 231-239
[5]张清泰.无线电引信总体设计原理(第1版).北京:国防工业出版社, 1985
[6]丁向军.反弹道导弹引信中GIF技术的应用研究: [硕士学位论文].南京:南京理工大学, 2004
[7]吴姗姗.制导引信一体化起爆算法研究: [硕士学位论文].南京:南京理工大学, 2008, 6
[8]庄志洪,张清泰.制导与引信一体化研究.现代引信, 1994, 3
[9]吴佩伦.国外防空导弹近炸引信主要关键技术和引信与导引头一体化设计分析.制导与引信, 1996, 1
[10]刘斌.樊养余.制导引信一体化技术及其典型应用.航空兵器, 2006, 6
[11]张玉铮,刘紫英.用微机实现引信自适应延时的研究.制导与引信, 1994, 3:24-31
[12]刁海南.一种计算雷达引信启动延时和起爆方位角的方法.兵工学报, 2001, 22(4):464-467
[13]朱景伟,胡昌振,谭惠民.利用弹上信息确定引信最佳延时研究.探测与控制学报, 2000, 22(3):24-27
[14]王亚平译,郭京周校.自适应近炸引信的发展.译自National Defence, 1982
[15]庄志鸿,张清泰,沈亮.导弹引信利用制导信息实现最佳炸点控制研究.航空兵器, 1996, 6:7-11
[16] Advanced Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missile Combat-proven performance and reliability. Raytheon Company, 2001
[17] Approved navy training system plan for the AIM-120 advanced medium range air-to-air missile N88-NTSP-A-50-8111C/A, June, 1998
[18]涂建平,彭应宁,袁正.引信对制导系统提供的目标信息综合利用研究.探测与控制学报, 2001, 9, 23(3)
[19]沈亮,宋龙.制导引信一体化仿真研究.航空兵器, 1995.6
[20]美AIM-120先进中程空空导弹,来自互联网:http://cidian.iask.sina.com.cn/cidian/browse.php?name=%C3%C0AIM120%CF%C8%BD%F8%D6%D0%BE%E0%BF%D5%BF%D5%B5%BC%B5%AF
[21]姜继庆.微波混合电路使AMRAAM具有小型化杀伤率高的特点.航空兵器, 1984, 3:41-43
[22]吕长起,胡金城. AIM-120空空导弹先进技术简析.航空兵器, 1994, 2
[23]由成之译,姜继庆校. AMRAAM的系统设计.航空兵器, 1992, 2.节译自AIAA-87-0462:Advanced Medium Range Air-to-Air Missile (AMRAAM) System Overview,原文作者为美国埃格林空军基地E. P. Bradley
[24]予阳.鉄翼长拳——美制AIM-120与俄制R-77比较.舰载武器, 2004, 1:59
[25]向敬成,张明友.雷达系统.电子工业出版社, 2001:103-112
[26]李玉清.近20年来国外导弹引信技术研究与发展概况.制导与引信, 2002, 23(3)
[27]梁棠文.国外防空导弹引信技术研究动向与发展趋势.制导与引信, 1994, 3:1-6
[28]张立东.柱形弹体引信天线布局与作用盲点分析.上海航天, 2004, 6:59-61
[29]李玉清.引信与制导系统一体化设计探讨.上海航天, 1994, 1
[30]李翔宇,卢芳云.可变形战斗部最佳起爆延时和起爆方位角研究.弹箭与制导学报, 2007, 27(3)
[31]郭宁.基于引信多普勒频率信号的脱靶量估算方法.现代防御技术, 2007, 35(2):31-33
[32]张志鸿.目标脱靶方向的识别.制导与引信, 1994, 4:16-21
[33] Diao Hainan, Lue Shanwei. A Short-ranged microwave sensor for direction detection of target. In: Rawat B S, Zhou Siyong. Proc of 6th ISRAMT’97. Beijing, China: Publishing House of Electronic Industry, 1997:591-594
[34]徐喜安.单脉冲雷达系统的建模与仿真研究: [硕士学位论文].成都:电子科技大学, 2006, 1
[35]刘学观,郭辉萍.微波技术与天线.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社, 2001:152_156
[36]王涛,李加琪.伪码调相PD引信体目标模拟系统设计.制导与引信, 2003, 24(2)
[37]章艳.脉冲体制引信目标模拟总体技术研究: [硕士学位论文].南京:南京理工大学, 2006, 6
[38]姜斌.地、海杂波建模及目标检测技术研究: [博士学位论文].长沙:国防科学技术大学, 2006, 10:2-7
[39]王心福.雷达恒虚警处理对噪声干扰的影响.电子对抗技术, 2000, 15(3)
[40]王意青,张明友.成都:电子科技大学出版社.雷达原理. 1993:125
[41]李元级.新一代空空导弹引信设计技术探讨.航空兵器, 1998, 1:23-28