黄河源区高寒湿地近地面辐射收支特征初步分析
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- 英文论文题名：AN INITIAL ANALYSIS OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF RADIATION BUDGET NEAR THE GROUND IN THE ALPINE WETLAND IN THE SOURCE AREA OF YELLOW RIVER
- 论文作者：谢琰 ; 文军 ; 刘蓉 ; 王欣 ; 贾东于
- 英文论文作者：Xie Yan ; Wen Jun ; Liu Rong ; Wang Xin ; Jia Dongyu ; Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions ; Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute ; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：中国科学院寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室,中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所;中国科学院大学;
- 论文关键词：黄河源区 ; 高寒湿地 ; 观测 ; 辐射收支
- 英文论文关键词：Source region of the Yellow River ; alpine wetland ; observation ; radiation budget
- 会议召开时间：2016-11-01
- 会议录名称：第33届中国气象学会年会 S3 青藏高原与复杂山地天气气候
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：P422
- 学会代码：ZGQX
- 会议名称：第33届中国气象学会年会
- 会议地点：中国陕西西安
- 主办单位：中国气象学会
- 学会名称：中国气象学会
- 页数：10
- 文件大小：616k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
利用2014年6月1日~2015年5月15日黄河源区麻多陆面过程观测试验近地面辐射收支观测资料,分析了高寒湿地下垫面辐射四分量、近地面净辐射以及地面长波有效辐射的日变化和季节变化,以及各月典型晴天地表反射率日变化和典型晴天地表反射率的季节变化特征。结论如下:黄河源区高寒湿地向下太阳短波辐射、地面向上短波辐射和地面向上长波辐射有明显的日变化特征,由于地面向上长波辐射加热大气具有一定的滞后性,大气向下长波辐射的日变化不明显。年平均日总量,地面长波向上辐射(26.784 MJ·m~(-2))最大,大气长波向下辐射次之(20.390 MJ·m~(-2)),然后是向下太阳短波辐射(17.539 MJ·m~(-2)),地面向上短波辐射(3.888 MJ·m~(-2))最小,以上各分量在不同季节均为冬季最小,前两个分量春季最大,后两个分量夏季最大。典型晴天地表反射率日变化为"U"形,在早晚较大,中午较小,受高原季风的影响,其季节变化也为"U"形,全年平均为0.18。地面长波有效辐射日变化趋势明显,春季(77.7 W·m~(-2))、秋季(76.4 W·m~(-2))和冬季(76.1 W·m~(-2))地面长波有效辐射日平均相差不大,而夏季(68.5 W·m~(-2))略小,是因为夏季近地面日出前容易形成雾。不同季节的日间地表吸热值较大,数值差异也较大,而夜间放热值小且数值差异小,但维持时间长(12~15 h),该地区日间为强热源,夜间为弱冷源,总的来说为一个强热源。(S3)
The characteristics of the diurnal and seasonal variation of the radiation budget and the surface albedo of sunny day was analyzed based on the data collected during the source region of Yellow River Ma Duo Xiang surface process observation test near-surface radiation budget observations, which was from June 1, 2014 to May 15, 2015.The result showed that in addition to atmospheric downward longwave radiation, downward solar radiation, ground upward shortwave radiation and upward longwave radiation have obvious diurnal variation. In terms of the annual average of daily amount, the ground upward longwave radiation(26.784MJ·m~(-2)) is the largest, followed by the atmospheric longwave downward radiation(20.390MJ·m~(~(-2))), followed by the downward shortwave radiation(17.539MJ·m~(-2)), the ground upward shortwave radiation(3.888MJ·m~(-2)) is the smallest. In different seasons, each component is minimal in winter, the first two components are the largest in spring and the last two components are the largest in summer. The diurnal and seasonal variation of the typical sunny surface albedo is "U" shape, and the annual average was 0.18. The diurnal variation of the surface long-wave effective radiation was evident. In the spring, fall and winter the difference between the diurnal averages are not evident. In the summer, it is slightly smaller. In different seasons, surface endothermic value is large and exist big numerical differences during the daytime, but exothermic value is small and exist small numerical differences, and maintain a long time(12h-15h) during the nighttime. The area is a strong heat source during the daytime,a weak cold source during the nighttime and generally a strong heat source.
The characteristics of the diurnal and seasonal variation of the radiation budget and the surface albedo of sunny day was analyzed based on the data collected during the source region of Yellow River Ma Duo Xiang surface process observation test near-surface radiation budget observations, which was from June 1, 2014 to May 15, 2015.The result showed that in addition to atmospheric downward longwave radiation, downward solar radiation, ground upward shortwave radiation and upward longwave radiation have obvious diurnal variation. In terms of the annual average of daily amount, the ground upward longwave radiation(26.784MJ·m~(-2)) is the largest, followed by the atmospheric longwave downward radiation(20.390MJ·m~(~(-2))), followed by the downward shortwave radiation(17.539MJ·m~(-2)), the ground upward shortwave radiation(3.888MJ·m~(-2)) is the smallest. In different seasons, each component is minimal in winter, the first two components are the largest in spring and the last two components are the largest in summer. The diurnal and seasonal variation of the typical sunny surface albedo is "U" shape, and the annual average was 0.18. The diurnal variation of the surface long-wave effective radiation was evident. In the spring, fall and winter the difference between the diurnal averages are not evident. In the summer, it is slightly smaller. In different seasons, surface endothermic value is large and exist big numerical differences during the daytime, but exothermic value is small and exist small numerical differences, and maintain a long time(12h-15h) during the nighttime. The area is a strong heat source during the daytime,a weak cold source during the nighttime and generally a strong heat source.
引文
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[12].李红梅,李林,张金旭,等.21前中期三江源地区极端气候事件变化趋势分析[J].冰川冻土,2012,34(6):1403—1408.[12].Li Hongmei,Li Lin,Zhang Jinxu,et al.Changes in extreme climatic events over the sources of the three river in the prometaphase 21st century[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2012,34(6):1403—1408.
[13].王永生,盛裴轩,刘式达等.大气物理学[M].北京:气象出版社,1987,222—223.[13].Wang Yongsheng,Pei Shengxuan,Liu Shida,et al.Atmospheric Physics[M].Beijing:China Meteorological Press,1987,222—223.
[14].左大康,周允华.地球表层辐射研究[M].北京:科学出版社,1991:37—39.[14].Zuo Dakang,Zhou Yunhua.The Radiation Research of Earth's Surface[M].Beijing:Science Press,1991:37—39.
[15].翁笃鸣.青藏高原地表净辐射若干重要特征的研究[J].南京气象学院学报,1991,14(2):151—159.[15].Weng Duming.Some major features of surface net radiation in the Qinghai—Xizang plateau[J].Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology,1991,14(2):151—159.
[16].李英年,赵新全,曹广民,等.海北高寒草甸地区太阳总辐射、植被反射辐射的有关特征[J].草地学报,2002,10(1):33—39.[16].Li Yingnian,Zhao Xinquan,Cao Guangmin,et al.The study of reflective radiation and surface albedo of alpine meadow vegetation[J].Acta Agrestia Sinica,2002,(1):33—39.
[17].王超,韦志刚,高晓清,等.夏季敦煌稀疏植被下垫面物质和能量交换的观测研究[J].高原气象,2012,31(3):622—628.[17].Wang Chao,Wei Zhigang,Gao Xiaoqing,et al.An observation study of surface air exchange and energy budget at a sparse vegetation site of Dunhuang in summer[J].Plateau Meteorology,2012,31(3):622—628.
[18].季国良,江灏,左勇前,等.1988年9月张掖地区的太阳辐射状况的初步分析[J].高原气象,1990,9(2):194—201.[18].Ji Guoliang,Jiang Hao,Zuo Yongqian,et al.Apreliminary analysis of the solar radiation condition at Zhangye region during september 1988[J].Plateau Meteorology,1990,9(2):194—201.
[19].王少影,张宇,吕世华,等.玛曲高寒草甸地表辐射与能量收支的季节变化[J].高原气象,2012,31(3):605—614.[19].Wang Shaoyin,Zhang Yu,Lv Shihua,et al.Seasonal variation characteristics of radiation and energy budgets in alpine meadow ecosystem in Maqu grassland[J].Plateau Meteorology,2012,31(3):605—614.
[20].马伟强,马耀明,李茂善,等.藏北高原地区地表辐射出支和能量平衡的季节变化[J].冰川冻土,2005,27(5):673—679.[20].Ma Weiqiang,Ma Yaoming,Li Maoshan,et al.Seasonal variation on land surface energy budget and energy balance components in the northern Tibetan plateau[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2005,27(5):673—679.
[21].季国良,邹基玲.干旱地区绿洲和沙漠辐射收支的季节变化[J].高原气象1994,13(3):324—329.[21].Ji Guoliang,Zou Jiling.The seasonal variation of solar radiation budgetover oases and desert in arid region[J].Plateau Meteorology,1994,13(3):324—329.
[2].谭鹏.湿地保护与退耕还湿的重要性探讨[J].资源节约与环保,2013,(3):142—143.[2].Tan Peng.Discuss the importance of wetland protection and reversion of cultivated land to wetland[J].Resources Economization&Environmental Protection,2009,24(4):683—690.
[3].马耀明,塚本修,吴晓鸣,等.藏北高原草甸下垫面近地层能量输送及微气象特征[J].大气科学,2000,24(5):715—722.[3].Ma Yaoming,xiu Benzhong,wu Xiaoming,et al.Characteristic of energy transfer and micrometeorology in the surface layer of atmosphere above grassy marshland of the Tibetan plateau area[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,2000,24(5):715—722.
[4].钱泽雨,胡泽勇,杜萍,等.青藏高原北麓河地区近地层能量输送与微气象特征[J].高原气象,2005,24(1):43—48.[4].Qian Zeyu,Hu Zeyong,Du Ping,et al.Energy transfer of near surface layer and micrometeorology characteristics in Bailuhe area of Qinghai—Xizang plateau[J].Plateau Meteorology,2005,24(1):43—48.
[5].陈渭民,高庆先,洪刚.由GMS卫星资料获取我国夏季地表辐射收支[J].大气科学,1997,21(2):238—246.[5].Chen Weimin,Gao Qingxian,Hong Gang.Estimating surface radiation budgets over China in summer from GMS satellite data[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,1997,21(2):238—246.
[6].张强,曹晓彦.敦煌地区荒漠戈壁地表热量和辐射平衡特征点研究[J].大气科学,2003,27(2):245—254.[6].Zhang Qiang,Cao Xiaoyan.The influence of synoptic conditions on the averaged surface heat and radiation budget energy over desert or gobi[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,2003,27(2):245—254.
[7].李英年,赵亮,张法伟,等.植物生长季海北高寒湿地辐射收支特征[J].冰川冻土,2006,28(4):549—555.[7].Li Yingnian,Zhao Liang,Zhang Fawei,et al.Characteristics of radiation balance on the alpine wetland in Haibei prefecture of the Qilian mountains in growing season[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2006,28(4):549—555.
[8].张宪洲,王辉明,张谊光.青藏高原冬小麦田辐射能流收支的初步研究[J].应用气象学报,1997,8(2):236—241.[8].Zhang Xianzhou,Wang Huimin,Zhang Yiguang.A study on radiation budget of the winter wheat field in Tibet plateau[J].Quarterly Journal of Applied Meteorlolgy,1997,8(2):236—241.
[9].李英年.海北高寒草甸植被在生长期辐射能量收支探讨[J].草地学报,2001,9(1):58—63.[9].Li Yingnian.The study on the radiant energy budget of alpine meadow vegetation in the sunny days during the plant growing season[J].Acta Agrestia Sinica,2001,9(1):58—63.
[10].钱泽雨,胡泽勇,杜萍,等.藏北高原典型草甸下垫面与HEIFE沙漠区辐射平衡气候学特征对比分析[J].太阳能学报,2003,24(4):453—459.[10].Qian Zeyu,Hu Zeyong,Du Ping,et al.Comparison and analysis of the climatological featuresof radiation balance between the grassy marshland surface of north of the Tibetan plateau and the desert in HEIFE[J].Energiae Solaris Sinica,2003,24(4):453—459.
[11].马伟强,马耀民,胡泽勇,等.藏北高原地面辐射收支的初步分析[J].高原气象,2004,23(3):348—352.[11].Ma Weiqiang,Ma Yaoming,Hu Zeyong,et al.Analyses on surface radiation budget in northern Tibetan plateau[J].Plateau Meteorology,2004,23(3):348—352.
[12].李红梅,李林,张金旭,等.21前中期三江源地区极端气候事件变化趋势分析[J].冰川冻土,2012,34(6):1403—1408.[12].Li Hongmei,Li Lin,Zhang Jinxu,et al.Changes in extreme climatic events over the sources of the three river in the prometaphase 21st century[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2012,34(6):1403—1408.
[13].王永生,盛裴轩,刘式达等.大气物理学[M].北京:气象出版社,1987,222—223.[13].Wang Yongsheng,Pei Shengxuan,Liu Shida,et al.Atmospheric Physics[M].Beijing:China Meteorological Press,1987,222—223.
[14].左大康,周允华.地球表层辐射研究[M].北京:科学出版社,1991:37—39.[14].Zuo Dakang,Zhou Yunhua.The Radiation Research of Earth's Surface[M].Beijing:Science Press,1991:37—39.
[15].翁笃鸣.青藏高原地表净辐射若干重要特征的研究[J].南京气象学院学报,1991,14(2):151—159.[15].Weng Duming.Some major features of surface net radiation in the Qinghai—Xizang plateau[J].Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology,1991,14(2):151—159.
[16].李英年,赵新全,曹广民,等.海北高寒草甸地区太阳总辐射、植被反射辐射的有关特征[J].草地学报,2002,10(1):33—39.[16].Li Yingnian,Zhao Xinquan,Cao Guangmin,et al.The study of reflective radiation and surface albedo of alpine meadow vegetation[J].Acta Agrestia Sinica,2002,(1):33—39.
[17].王超,韦志刚,高晓清,等.夏季敦煌稀疏植被下垫面物质和能量交换的观测研究[J].高原气象,2012,31(3):622—628.[17].Wang Chao,Wei Zhigang,Gao Xiaoqing,et al.An observation study of surface air exchange and energy budget at a sparse vegetation site of Dunhuang in summer[J].Plateau Meteorology,2012,31(3):622—628.
[18].季国良,江灏,左勇前,等.1988年9月张掖地区的太阳辐射状况的初步分析[J].高原气象,1990,9(2):194—201.[18].Ji Guoliang,Jiang Hao,Zuo Yongqian,et al.Apreliminary analysis of the solar radiation condition at Zhangye region during september 1988[J].Plateau Meteorology,1990,9(2):194—201.
[19].王少影,张宇,吕世华,等.玛曲高寒草甸地表辐射与能量收支的季节变化[J].高原气象,2012,31(3):605—614.[19].Wang Shaoyin,Zhang Yu,Lv Shihua,et al.Seasonal variation characteristics of radiation and energy budgets in alpine meadow ecosystem in Maqu grassland[J].Plateau Meteorology,2012,31(3):605—614.
[20].马伟强,马耀明,李茂善,等.藏北高原地区地表辐射出支和能量平衡的季节变化[J].冰川冻土,2005,27(5):673—679.[20].Ma Weiqiang,Ma Yaoming,Li Maoshan,et al.Seasonal variation on land surface energy budget and energy balance components in the northern Tibetan plateau[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2005,27(5):673—679.
[21].季国良,邹基玲.干旱地区绿洲和沙漠辐射收支的季节变化[J].高原气象1994,13(3):324—329.[21].Ji Guoliang,Zou Jiling.The seasonal variation of solar radiation budgetover oases and desert in arid region[J].Plateau Meteorology,1994,13(3):324—329.