人民币国际化背景下人民币跨境支付的法律监管借鉴——以美元、欧元的跨境支付为研究对象
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摘要
在上海自贸区内试点人民币跨境支付业务,使得境内外人民币资金统筹使用的自主性和灵活性得到实践和检验,有效带动跨境人民币结算业务发展,引发上海自贸内各金融机构对深化人民币跨境支付业务以及对于促进离岸人民币市场建设的关注,为自贸区内企业拓展以人民币结算的贸易投资活动空间提供更多可能的机会。鉴于支付机构开展跨境支付业务的诸多优势以及我国在监管该项业务上的欠缺,本文选取美元、欧元两种主要货币为研究对象,对比两种货币所对应经济体的特点,分析其对于本国货币跨境支付的监管措施与效果,旨在通过对上述两种主要货币跨境支付的研究,为人民币跨境支付的监管提供参考。
引文
[1]Bank for International Settlements,“The International Banking Market in the First Quarter of 2013”,BIS Quarterly Review,2013,P.9.
[1]Bank for International Settlements,“The International Banking Market in the First Quarter of 2013”,BIS Quarterly Review,2013,P.9.
[1]Bank for International Settlements,“The International Banking Market in the First Quarter of 2013”,BIS Quarterly Review,2013,P.9.
[1]Cheryl Gurz,“Fundamentals of the Payments Environment”,A Treasure&Risk Conference 2014,2014P.12.
[2]“Trends in Non-Cash Payments bv Number and Type of Transaction.Source:The 2013 Federal Reserve Pay ment Study”.Summary Report and Initial Data Release December 2013.
[1]Reza Moghadam and JoséVinals,"Understanding Financial Interconnectedness-Prepared by the Strategy,Policy,and Review Department and the Monetary and Capital Markets Department",in Collaboration with the Statistics Department and in Consultation with Other Departments,2010,p.10.
[1]U.S.Department of tbe Treasury,"Feasibility of a Cross-Border Electronic Funds Transfer Reporting System under the Bank Secrecy Act-Appendix D-Fundamentals of the Funds Transfer Process",Financial Crimes Enforcement Network,2006,p.4.
[1]The Clearing House Association,L.L.C.and the PMPG,White Paper on Dodd Frank Section 1073-Crossborder Remittance Transfers,2012,p.10.
[1]Commission of the European Communities,on Review of the E-money Directive(2000/46/EC),SEC(2006)1049,p.7.
[1]The European Payments Council,Study on the impact of the PSD and on the Application of Regulation 924/2009,2009.
[2]The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union,On Payment Services in the Internal Market Amending Directives 97/7/EC,2002/65/EC,2005/60/EC and 2006/48/EC and Repealing Directive 97/5/EC,11,2009:(13)"Only if credit is granted in order to facilitate payment services and such credit is of a short-term nature and is granted for a period not exceeding twelve months,including on a revolving basis,is it appropriate to allow payment institutions to grant such credit with regard to their cross-border activities,on condition that it is refinanced using mainly the payment institution's own funds,as well as other funds from the capital markets,but not the funds held on behalf of clients for payment services."
[3]The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union,Regulation(EC)No 2560/2001 on CrossBorder Payments in Euro,2001,p.12.
[1]The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union,Directive 97/5/EC on Cross-border Credit Transfers,1997,p.1.
[2]The European Payments Council,Regulation(EC)No 924/2009 on Cross-border Payments in the Community(Regulation on equality of charges for national and cross-border payments),2009,p.9.
[1]The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union,Directive on Payment Services,2010,p.11.
[2]The European Payments Council,"On the Difference between Innovation and the Wild West,How to Ensure the Security of Bank Customers'Funds and Data with Payment Account Access Services",EPC Newsletter Issue,2013,p.7.
[3]The European Payments Council,Single Euro Payment s Area(SEPA):Cross-border Direct Debits Now a Reality,2009,p.11.
[1]Charles Bryant,"Facturation Electronique:La Commission Européenne Présente une Proposition de Directive sur l'E-facturation en Matière de Marchés Publique",EPC Newsletter Issue,2013,p.7.
[2]Etienne Goose,"SEPA 2014:Eviter le goulot detranglement,préparez-vous maintenant.Fairs et chiffres sur la Migration vers le SEPA",EPC Newsletter Issue,2013,p.7.
[3]Denis Hilaire et Javier Santamaria,"Le Groupe de Mazet:MigrationàSEPA Credit Transfer et SEPA Direct Debit a générédes avantages tangibles pour nous",EPC Newsletter Issue,2013,p.7.
[4]The European Payments Council,"Regulation(EU)No 260/2012 Establishing Technical and Business Requirements for Credit Transfers and Direct Debits in Euro",2012,p.2.
[5]The European Payments Council,Regulation(EU)No 260/2012 Establishing Technical and Business Requirements for Credit Transfers and Direct Debits in euro:"Competent Authorities Should Cooperate Intensively,on a National and International Level,to Ensure Effective and Harmonized Compliance with the Regulation",2012,p.2.
[6]The European Payments Council,Regulation(EU)No 260/2012 Establishing Technical and Business Requirements for Credit Transfers and Direct Debits in Euro:"PSPs Will be Obliged to Refuse Further Processing of Payments That Are Not Delivered to Them in the Right Technical Format After the 1 February 2014Deadline Applicable in the Euro Area.",2012,p.2.
[1]The Clearstream,Internationalizing the Renminbi,Weaving a Web for the Next World Currency,2014,p.5:"The internationalization of the renminbi can be divided into a three-step process,with it initially being used as a global trade and payments currency,then as a global investment currency,and finally achieving status as a global reserve currency."
[1]Bank for International Settlements,“The International Banking Market in the First Quarter of 2013”,BIS Quarterly Review,2013,P.9.
[1]Bank for International Settlements,“The International Banking Market in the First Quarter of 2013”,BIS Quarterly Review,2013,P.9.
[1]Cheryl Gurz,“Fundamentals of the Payments Environment”,A Treasure&Risk Conference 2014,2014P.12.
[2]“Trends in Non-Cash Payments bv Number and Type of Transaction.Source:The 2013 Federal Reserve Pay ment Study”.Summary Report and Initial Data Release December 2013.
[1]Reza Moghadam and JoséVinals,"Understanding Financial Interconnectedness-Prepared by the Strategy,Policy,and Review Department and the Monetary and Capital Markets Department",in Collaboration with the Statistics Department and in Consultation with Other Departments,2010,p.10.
[1]U.S.Department of tbe Treasury,"Feasibility of a Cross-Border Electronic Funds Transfer Reporting System under the Bank Secrecy Act-Appendix D-Fundamentals of the Funds Transfer Process",Financial Crimes Enforcement Network,2006,p.4.
[1]The Clearing House Association,L.L.C.and the PMPG,White Paper on Dodd Frank Section 1073-Crossborder Remittance Transfers,2012,p.10.
[1]Commission of the European Communities,on Review of the E-money Directive(2000/46/EC),SEC(2006)1049,p.7.
[1]The European Payments Council,Study on the impact of the PSD and on the Application of Regulation 924/2009,2009.
[2]The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union,On Payment Services in the Internal Market Amending Directives 97/7/EC,2002/65/EC,2005/60/EC and 2006/48/EC and Repealing Directive 97/5/EC,11,2009:(13)"Only if credit is granted in order to facilitate payment services and such credit is of a short-term nature and is granted for a period not exceeding twelve months,including on a revolving basis,is it appropriate to allow payment institutions to grant such credit with regard to their cross-border activities,on condition that it is refinanced using mainly the payment institution's own funds,as well as other funds from the capital markets,but not the funds held on behalf of clients for payment services."
[3]The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union,Regulation(EC)No 2560/2001 on CrossBorder Payments in Euro,2001,p.12.
[1]The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union,Directive 97/5/EC on Cross-border Credit Transfers,1997,p.1.
[2]The European Payments Council,Regulation(EC)No 924/2009 on Cross-border Payments in the Community(Regulation on equality of charges for national and cross-border payments),2009,p.9.
[1]The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union,Directive on Payment Services,2010,p.11.
[2]The European Payments Council,"On the Difference between Innovation and the Wild West,How to Ensure the Security of Bank Customers'Funds and Data with Payment Account Access Services",EPC Newsletter Issue,2013,p.7.
[3]The European Payments Council,Single Euro Payment s Area(SEPA):Cross-border Direct Debits Now a Reality,2009,p.11.
[1]Charles Bryant,"Facturation Electronique:La Commission Européenne Présente une Proposition de Directive sur l'E-facturation en Matière de Marchés Publique",EPC Newsletter Issue,2013,p.7.
[2]Etienne Goose,"SEPA 2014:Eviter le goulot detranglement,préparez-vous maintenant.Fairs et chiffres sur la Migration vers le SEPA",EPC Newsletter Issue,2013,p.7.
[3]Denis Hilaire et Javier Santamaria,"Le Groupe de Mazet:MigrationàSEPA Credit Transfer et SEPA Direct Debit a générédes avantages tangibles pour nous",EPC Newsletter Issue,2013,p.7.
[4]The European Payments Council,"Regulation(EU)No 260/2012 Establishing Technical and Business Requirements for Credit Transfers and Direct Debits in Euro",2012,p.2.
[5]The European Payments Council,Regulation(EU)No 260/2012 Establishing Technical and Business Requirements for Credit Transfers and Direct Debits in euro:"Competent Authorities Should Cooperate Intensively,on a National and International Level,to Ensure Effective and Harmonized Compliance with the Regulation",2012,p.2.
[6]The European Payments Council,Regulation(EU)No 260/2012 Establishing Technical and Business Requirements for Credit Transfers and Direct Debits in Euro:"PSPs Will be Obliged to Refuse Further Processing of Payments That Are Not Delivered to Them in the Right Technical Format After the 1 February 2014Deadline Applicable in the Euro Area.",2012,p.2.
[1]The Clearstream,Internationalizing the Renminbi,Weaving a Web for the Next World Currency,2014,p.5:"The internationalization of the renminbi can be divided into a three-step process,with it initially being used as a global trade and payments currency,then as a global investment currency,and finally achieving status as a global reserve currency."