四季秋海棠无土栽培基质的筛选
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- 英文论文题名：Screening of Planting Substrate for Soilless Culture of Begonia cucullata Willd.
- 论文作者：赵斌 ; 田代科 ; 向言词
- 英文论文作者：ZHAO Bin ; TIAN Dai-ke ; XIANG Yan-ci ; Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center ; Chinese Academy of Sciences ; Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden ; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources ; School of Life Science ; Hunan University of Science and Technology
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：上海辰山植物园中国科学院上海辰山植物科学研究中心;上海市资源植物功能基因组学重点实验室;湖南科技大学生命科学学院;
- 论文关键词：栽培基质 ; 四季秋海棠 ; 栽培大棚 ; 盆栽植物 ; 草坪草废弃物
- 英文论文关键词：Culture substrate ; Begonia cucullata ; Shade house ; Container plants ; Turf grass clippings
- 会议召开时间：2016-07-19
- 会议录名称：中国观赏园艺研究进展2016
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：S682.19
- 学会代码：EGYP
- 会议名称：2016年中国观赏园艺学术研讨会
- 会议地点：中国湖南长沙
- 主办单位：中国园艺学会观赏园艺专业委员会、国家花卉工程技术研究中心
- 学会名称：中国园艺学会
- 页数：6
- 文件大小：690k
- 原文格式：O
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
为探究秋海棠的最佳栽培基质及修剪掉的草坪草废弃物替代泥炭作为基质的可能性,以四季秋海棠(Begonia cucullata)幼苗为材料,在上海辰山植物园的栽培大棚中进行盆栽试验。分别选用T1(泥炭:珍珠岩=1:1)、T2(泥炭:珍珠岩:松树皮=1:1:1)、T3(玉米秆:珍珠岩:松树皮=1:1:1)、T4(玉米秆:珍珠岩:松树皮=2:1:1)、T5(草秆:珍珠岩:松树皮=1:1:1)、T6(草秆:珍珠岩:松树皮=2:1:1)、T7(蛭石:珍珠岩:松树皮=1:1:1)和T8(蛭石:珍珠岩:松树皮=2:1:1)8种混合基质,比较四季秋海棠的生长表现差异。结果表明:四季秋海棠在8种栽培基质中,上盆后30~60天时茎均显著增大,60~90天株高、叶数和叶面积增加最多,最佳综合表现为T6处理,在该基质中,分枝数、叶片厚度、开花数、地上部分鲜干重和相对叶绿素含量均最大。综合评价分析,基质用草秆:珍珠岩:松树皮=2:1:1替换泥炭,可满足四季秋海棠生长,因此,修剪后的草坪草废弃物可替换泥炭用于秋海棠的无土栽培基质。
In order to investigate better soilless culture mixture and the possibility of turfgrass clippings as alternative of peat for substrate to grow begonias in pots,the seedlings of Begonia cucullata Willd.were treated by eight types of substrate mixture:T1(peat:perlite = 1:1),T2(peat:perlite:pine bark = 1:1:1),T3(corn stover:perlite:pine bark = 1:1:1),T4(corn stover:perlite:pine bark = 2:1:1),T5(turfgrass:perlite:pine bark = 1:1:1),T6(turfgrass:perlite:pine bark = 2:1:1),T7(vermiculite:perlite:pine bark = 1:1:1) and T8(vermiculite:perlite:pine bark = 2:1:1) in the shade house of Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden to evaluate plant performance.The results showed that the stem thickness increased the most significant during 30 to 60 days after potting;the plant height,leaf number and leaf area increased largest during 60 to 90 days after potting in all treatments;the optimum growth of B.cucullata occurred in T6,with the highest of branch number,leaf thickness,flower number,fresh and dry weight of the aboveground part and relative chlorophyll content.Therefore,in this study,the substrate with turfgrass:perlite:pine bark = 2:1:1 is the best medium for growing B.cucullata and the turf grass clippings can replace peat as culture substrate of begonias.
In order to investigate better soilless culture mixture and the possibility of turfgrass clippings as alternative of peat for substrate to grow begonias in pots,the seedlings of Begonia cucullata Willd.were treated by eight types of substrate mixture:T1(peat:perlite = 1:1),T2(peat:perlite:pine bark = 1:1:1),T3(corn stover:perlite:pine bark = 1:1:1),T4(corn stover:perlite:pine bark = 2:1:1),T5(turfgrass:perlite:pine bark = 1:1:1),T6(turfgrass:perlite:pine bark = 2:1:1),T7(vermiculite:perlite:pine bark = 1:1:1) and T8(vermiculite:perlite:pine bark = 2:1:1) in the shade house of Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden to evaluate plant performance.The results showed that the stem thickness increased the most significant during 30 to 60 days after potting;the plant height,leaf number and leaf area increased largest during 60 to 90 days after potting in all treatments;the optimum growth of B.cucullata occurred in T6,with the highest of branch number,leaf thickness,flower number,fresh and dry weight of the aboveground part and relative chlorophyll content.Therefore,in this study,the substrate with turfgrass:perlite:pine bark = 2:1:1 is the best medium for growing B.cucullata and the turf grass clippings can replace peat as culture substrate of begonias.
引文
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4.Tian DK,LiC,LiCH,et aL Begonia pulchrifolia(sect.Platycentrum),3.new species of Begoniaceae from Sichuan of China[J].Phytotaxa,2015,207(3):242-252.
5.Peng C I,Wang H,Kono Y,et al.Begonia wui-senioris(sect.Platycentrum,Begoniaceae),a new species from Myanmar[J].Botanical Studies,2014,55(1):1-6.
6.田代科,管开云,李景秀.秋海棠新品种-‘昆明鸟'、‘康儿'和‘白雪'[J].园艺学报,200t,28(2):186-187.
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12.Lim T K.Begonia cucullata var.cucullata[J].Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants,2014,7:551-555.
13.Roh M S,Bauchan G R,Murphy C,et al.The property and effect of bioplastic pots on the growth and developmental physiology of lily and begonia[J].Horticulture,Environment,and Biotechnology,2012,53(6):467-476.
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15.周静波,黄成林,卜崇兴,等.‘鸡尾酒'系列四季秋海棠栽培基质的筛选[J].安徽农业大学学报,2009,36(1):81-84.
16.过永惠,范眸天。秋海棠[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2006.
17.韩永峰,屠扬,王红生.无土栽培的概况及发展对策[J].河北林果研究,2010,25(3):296-298.
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19.Holman J,Bugbee B,Chard J.A comparison of coconut coir and sphagnum peat as soilless media components for plant growth[J].Utah State University Department of Plants,Soils,and Biometeorolgy,2013:1-10.
20.Kuisma E,Palonen P,Yli-Halla M.Reed canary grass straw as a substrate in soilless cultivation of strawberry[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2014,178:217-223.
21.Gruda N.Sustainable peat alternative growing media[C].International horticultural congress on science and horticulture for people:international symposium on 927.2010;973-979.
22.Carlile B,Coules A.Towards sustainability in growing media[C].International symposium on growing media,composting and substrate analysis 1013.2011,341-349.
23.Al-Mansour F,Zuwala J.An evaluation of biomass co-firing in Europe[J].Biomass and Bioenergy,2010,34(5):620-629.
24.高运茹,程瑛,王鑫,等.我国花卉无土栽培及其研究现状[J].河北林业科技,2012,(3):40-42.
25.蒲胜海,冯广平,李磐,等.无土栽培基质理化性状测定方法及其应用研究[J].新疆农业科学,2012,49(2):267-272.
26.Van der Caag D,Van Noort F,Stapel-Cuijpers L,et al.The use of green waste compost in peat-based potting mixtures;Fertilization and suppressiveness against soilborne diseases[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2007,114(4):289-297.
27.孙向丽,张启翔.菇渣和锯末作为丽格海棠栽培基质的研究[J].土壤通报,2010,(1):117-120.
28.肖强,叶文景,朱珠,等.利用数码相机和Photoshop软件非破坏性测定叶面积的简便方法[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(6):711-714.
29.Dornbusch T,Wernecke P,Diepenbrock W.A method to extract morphological traits of plant organs from 3D point clouds as a database for an architectural plant model[J].Ecological Modelling,2007,200(1):119-129.
30.Li Z,Wang J,He P,et al.Modelling of crop chlorophyll content based on Dualex[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2015,31(21):191-197.
31.Xu W,Cui K,Xu A,et al.Drought stress condition increases root to shoot ratio via alteration of carbohydrate partitioning and enzymatic activity in rice seedlings[J].Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,2015,37(2):1-11.
32.Abad M,Noguera P,Bures S.National inventory of organic wastes for use as growing media for ornamental potted plant production:case study in Spain[J].Bioresource technology,2001,77(2):197-200.
33.李谦盛.芦苇末基质的应用基础研究及园艺基质质量标准的探讨[D].南京:南京农业大学,2003.
2.Aitawade M M,Yadav S R.Taxonomic status of Begonia aliciae(Begoniaceae)[J].Rheedea,2012,22(2):111-115.
3.Ding B,Nakamura K,Kono Y,et al.Begonia jinyunensis(Begoniaceae,section Platycentrum),a new palmately compound leaved species from Chongqing,China[J].Botanical Studies,2014,55(1):1-8.
4.Tian DK,LiC,LiCH,et aL Begonia pulchrifolia(sect.Platycentrum),3.new species of Begoniaceae from Sichuan of China[J].Phytotaxa,2015,207(3):242-252.
5.Peng C I,Wang H,Kono Y,et al.Begonia wui-senioris(sect.Platycentrum,Begoniaceae),a new species from Myanmar[J].Botanical Studies,2014,55(1):1-6.
6.田代科,管开云,李景秀.秋海棠新品种-‘昆明鸟'、‘康儿'和‘白雪'[J].园艺学报,200t,28(2):186-187.
7.田代科,管开云,李景秀,等.秋海棠新品种‘大白'、‘健绿'、‘美女'和‘中大'[J].园艺学报,2002,29(1):90-91.
8.李景秀,管开云,李爱荣,等.秋海棠新品种‘黎红毛'和‘白云秀'[J].园艺学报,2014,41(5):1043-1044.
9.Forrest L L,Hughes M,Hollingsworth P M.A phylogeny of Begonia using nuclear ribosomal sequence data and morphological characters[J].Systematic Botany,2005,30(3):671-682.
10.Rubite R R,Hughes M,Blanc P,et al.Three new species of Begonia endemic to the puerto princesa subterranean river national park,Palawan[J].Botanical Studies,2015,1-14.
11.周静波.四季秋海棠无土栽培技术的研究[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2007.
12.Lim T K.Begonia cucullata var.cucullata[J].Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants,2014,7:551-555.
13.Roh M S,Bauchan G R,Murphy C,et al.The property and effect of bioplastic pots on the growth and developmental physiology of lily and begonia[J].Horticulture,Environment,and Biotechnology,2012,53(6):467-476.
14.董玉琛,刘旭,费砚良,等.中国作物及其野生近缘植物:花卉卷[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2008.
15.周静波,黄成林,卜崇兴,等.‘鸡尾酒'系列四季秋海棠栽培基质的筛选[J].安徽农业大学学报,2009,36(1):81-84.
16.过永惠,范眸天。秋海棠[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2006.
17.韩永峰,屠扬,王红生.无土栽培的概况及发展对策[J].河北林果研究,2010,25(3):296-298.
18.Abdullah T L,Hassan S,Kamarulzaman N,et al.Growth and flowering response of cut chrysanthemum under root restriction to plant density grown in soilless culture[J].American-Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture,2014;49-57.
19.Holman J,Bugbee B,Chard J.A comparison of coconut coir and sphagnum peat as soilless media components for plant growth[J].Utah State University Department of Plants,Soils,and Biometeorolgy,2013:1-10.
20.Kuisma E,Palonen P,Yli-Halla M.Reed canary grass straw as a substrate in soilless cultivation of strawberry[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2014,178:217-223.
21.Gruda N.Sustainable peat alternative growing media[C].International horticultural congress on science and horticulture for people:international symposium on 927.2010;973-979.
22.Carlile B,Coules A.Towards sustainability in growing media[C].International symposium on growing media,composting and substrate analysis 1013.2011,341-349.
23.Al-Mansour F,Zuwala J.An evaluation of biomass co-firing in Europe[J].Biomass and Bioenergy,2010,34(5):620-629.
24.高运茹,程瑛,王鑫,等.我国花卉无土栽培及其研究现状[J].河北林业科技,2012,(3):40-42.
25.蒲胜海,冯广平,李磐,等.无土栽培基质理化性状测定方法及其应用研究[J].新疆农业科学,2012,49(2):267-272.
26.Van der Caag D,Van Noort F,Stapel-Cuijpers L,et al.The use of green waste compost in peat-based potting mixtures;Fertilization and suppressiveness against soilborne diseases[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2007,114(4):289-297.
27.孙向丽,张启翔.菇渣和锯末作为丽格海棠栽培基质的研究[J].土壤通报,2010,(1):117-120.
28.肖强,叶文景,朱珠,等.利用数码相机和Photoshop软件非破坏性测定叶面积的简便方法[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(6):711-714.
29.Dornbusch T,Wernecke P,Diepenbrock W.A method to extract morphological traits of plant organs from 3D point clouds as a database for an architectural plant model[J].Ecological Modelling,2007,200(1):119-129.
30.Li Z,Wang J,He P,et al.Modelling of crop chlorophyll content based on Dualex[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2015,31(21):191-197.
31.Xu W,Cui K,Xu A,et al.Drought stress condition increases root to shoot ratio via alteration of carbohydrate partitioning and enzymatic activity in rice seedlings[J].Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,2015,37(2):1-11.
32.Abad M,Noguera P,Bures S.National inventory of organic wastes for use as growing media for ornamental potted plant production:case study in Spain[J].Bioresource technology,2001,77(2):197-200.
33.李谦盛.芦苇末基质的应用基础研究及园艺基质质量标准的探讨[D].南京:南京农业大学,2003.