400℃下镁热还原SiCl_4制备硅纳米晶体作为高性能二次锂电池的负极材料
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- 英文论文题名：Preparation of Nanocrystalline Silicon from SiCI_4 at 400℃ for High-Performance Anodes for Lithium Ion Batteries
- 论文作者：林良栋 ; 张开元 ; 杨剑
- 英文论文作者：Liangdong Lin ; Kaiyuan Zhang ; Jian Yang ; Department of Chemistry ; Shandong University
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：山东大学化学与化工学院;
- 论文关键词：硅负极 ; 锂电池 ; 镁热还原 ; 锡掺杂
- 会议召开时间：2016-07-01
- 会议录名称：中国化学会第30届学术年会摘要集-第三十分会：化学电源
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：TQ127.2;TM912
- 学会代码：ZGHY
- 会议名称：中国化学会第30届学术年会-第三十分会 ; 化学电源
- 会议地点：中国辽宁大连
- 主办单位：中国化学会
- 学会名称：中国化学会
- 页数：1
- 文件大小：134k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
400摄氏度时在熔融金属锡的作用下,金属镁能够将四氯化硅还原为结晶性单质硅纳米颗粒。然而金属镁无法在400摄氏度时直接将四氯化硅还原,锡的加入促进了该反应的发生。研究表明镁和锡在400摄氏度下能形成液态合金,以原子形态分散在液态合金中的镁比固态镁颗粒拥有更高的反应活性,从而在较低的温度下将四氯化硅还原成单质硅。该反应还能进一步实现硅锡复合,金属锡本身可作为锂二次电池负极材料,拥有较高的理论比容量和优异的导电性能。在硅负极材料中掺杂锡能在不大大降低硅材料容量优势的条件下有效改善硅负极材料的电化学性能,比如导电性能、循环倍率性能。将使用该种方法合成得到的硅负极材料组装成电池能得到较好的电化学性能,在100mAg~(-1)的电流密度下循环50圈,该材料依旧能维持1700mAhg~(-1)的比容量,在1Ag~(-1)的电流密度下循环500圈,它还能保持500mAhg~(-1)的容量。
Crystalline Si nanoparticles are prepared by reduction of SiCl_4 with metallic magnesium in the molten metallic stannum at 400 ℃ in an autoclave.Metallic Sn acts as solvent and makes the reaction occur easily.However,the direct reaction between metallic Mg and SiCl_4 could not be initiated at 400 ℃.The related experiments confirm that metallic Sn and Mg can form liquid alloy at 400 ℃,Mg atoms are dissolved into Sn.Atomic Mg is more reactive than bulk one,and can reduce SiCl_4 into Si nanoparticles.As anode for rechargeable lithium ion batteries,the as-prepared Si delivers the reversible capacity of 1700 mAhg~(-1) at 100 mAg~(-1) after 50 cycles,and 500 mAhg~(-1) at1 Ag~(-1) over 500 cycles.
Crystalline Si nanoparticles are prepared by reduction of SiCl_4 with metallic magnesium in the molten metallic stannum at 400 ℃ in an autoclave.Metallic Sn acts as solvent and makes the reaction occur easily.However,the direct reaction between metallic Mg and SiCl_4 could not be initiated at 400 ℃.The related experiments confirm that metallic Sn and Mg can form liquid alloy at 400 ℃,Mg atoms are dissolved into Sn.Atomic Mg is more reactive than bulk one,and can reduce SiCl_4 into Si nanoparticles.As anode for rechargeable lithium ion batteries,the as-prepared Si delivers the reversible capacity of 1700 mAhg~(-1) at 100 mAg~(-1) after 50 cycles,and 500 mAhg~(-1) at1 Ag~(-1) over 500 cycles.
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