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应变效应和配位效应对CO_2在Pd表面电还原性能的影响
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摘要
CO_2电还原可以实现可再生能源的开发和利用,改善催化剂的活性、选择性和稳定性是CO_2资源再利用的主要难题。目前许多新型复合催化剂主要通过表层原子和衬底之间晶格的不匹配(几何应变效应),以及表层原子与衬底之间的电子耦合作用(电子配体效应)来改变催化剂表面的电子结构。本文采用理论计算与实验手段相结合的方法研究应变效应和配位效应的作用。首先利用密度泛函理论研究应变效应和配位效应对不同衬底Rh、Ir、Pt、Au、Ag上拉伸和压缩的Pd(111)、(110)、(100)表面几何结构和电子结构的影响,结果表明d带中心随着表面的拉伸靠近费米能级。然后研究了应变效应和配位效应对CO_2电还原产生CO、HCOOH、CH_3OH以及CH_4反应路径的影响,结果表明Pd/Ir具有较好的CO_2电还原活性,且配位效应起到了主导作用。最后利用自主搭建的实验平台研究单独应变效应对Pd表面CO_2电还原电流密度的影响,与理论计算预测结果一致。研究结果将定量分析CO_2电还原中应变效应和配位效应所起到的作用,为CO_2电还原催化剂的设计提供理论基础。
Electrochemical reduction of CO_2 could develop and utilize the renewable energy.Improvement of catalyst activity,selectivity and stability is important for CO_2 reusing resources.Many new catalysts mainly focus on the lattice mismatch(strain effect) and the electronic coupling(ligand effect) between surface atoms and substrate.This project employs the method of combining theoretical calculation with experimental investigation to explore the strain and ligand effects:(1) geometric and electric structures are studied on Pd(111),(110),(100)/M(Rh,Ir,Pt,Au,Ag) through density functional theory;(2) different reaction paths of CO_2 electro-reduction to CO,HCOOH and CH_4 influenced by the strain and ligand effects are further investigated;(3) the independent experimental platform is used to study the relationship between CO_2 electro-reduction current density and strain effect.This work provides a fundamental research for designing active Pd-based CO_2 eletrocatalyst.
引文
[1]Kortlever,R.;Balemans,C;Kwon,Y.;Koper,M.T.M.Catal,Today 2015,244:58-62.
    [2]Min,X.Q.;Kanan,M.W.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2015,137:4701-4708.
    [3]Januszewska,A.;Jurczakowski,R.;Kulesza,P.J.Langmuir 2014,30:14314-14321.
    [4]Plana,D.;Florez-Montano,J.;Celorrio,V.;Pastor,E.;Fermin,D.J.Chem.Commun.2013,49:10962-10964.
    [5]Humphrey,J.J.L.;Plana,D.;Celorrio,V.;et al.ChemCatChem DOI:10.1002/cctc.201501260.

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