不同栽培管理方式对棉花产量和资源利用效率的影响
详细信息 查看官网全文
- 英文论文题名：Seed Cotton Yield and Resource Use Efficiency Determination under Different Management Systems at Two Soil Fertility Levels
- 论文作者：张馨月 ; 杨洪坤 ; 陈兵林 ; 孟亚利 ; 王友华 ; 赵文青 ; 周治国
- 英文论文作者：Zhang Xinyue ; Yang Hongkun ; Chen Binglin ; Meng Yali ; Wang Youhua ; Zhao Wenqing ; Zhou Zhiguo ; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology & Ecology ; Ministry of Agriculture/College of Agriculture ; Nanjing Agricultural University
- 年：2017
- 作者机构：南京农业大学农学院/农业部作物生长调控重点开放实验室;
- 论文关键词：棉花 ; 栽培管理方式 ; 土壤地力 ; 籽棉产量 ; 累积辐热积 ; 氮肥回收利用率
- 英文论文关键词：cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.) ; management system ; soil fertility level ; seed cotton yield ; photo-thermal product ; nitrogen recovery efficiency
- 会议召开时间：2017-08-07
- 会议录名称：中国农学会棉花分会2017年年会暨第九次会员代表大会论文汇编
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：S562
- 学会代码：MHXB
- 会议名称：中国农学会棉花分会2017年年会暨第九次会员代表大会
- 会议地点：中国河南郑州
- 主办单位：中国农学会棉花分会
- 学会名称：《棉花学报》编辑部
- 页数：1
- 文件大小：66k
- 原文格式：O
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
为探索棉花高产稳产和资源高效利用新型栽培管理方式,试验选用长江中下游棉区主栽品种泗杂3号为材料,于2012-2013年在江苏省大丰市大丰稻麦原种场选取2个不同地力水平田块(高、低),2014年仅在高地力田块进行试验,设传统栽培管理方式(CM)、高产高效栽培管理方式(HH)和超高产栽培管理方式(SH),同时设氮零空白对照(N0),测定3种栽培管理方式下棉花产量、生物量、累积辐热积和氮肥回收利用率等指标。结果表明,与CM相比,SH和HH显著提高了产量,且以SH最高,高、低地力表现一致,产量差异主要来源于单位面积铃数。CM密度低、后期氮肥运筹不合理导致棉花的源强和库容均降低,限制了棉花产量的进一步提高。HH和SH氮肥运筹符合植株氮肥需求规律,显著提高氮肥回收利用率;后期施用盖顶肥,使棉花生育后期保持较高的光合面积,有利于生物量的积累,促进棉花群体对光热资源的利用。与SH相比,HH产量较低,但HH减少氮肥投入,兼顾高产、资源高效与环境友好,是值得推广的栽培管理方式。
A large area under cotton cultivation has been occupied by the cereal crops due to the increasingly rising food demands.Thus,higher and sustainable cotton production with existing agricultural land is of critical priority.We conducted a three-year field experiment to compare seed cotton yield,the use efficiency of cumulative photo-thermal product and nitrogen with three management systems(CM,conventional management system;HH,high yield and high efficiency management system;SH,super high yield management system) and a zero-nitrogen as control at low and high soil fertility levels at Dafeng,Jiangsu.The average seed cotton yield under SH was the highest at low and high soil fertility levels followed by HH with the lowest under CM,and more boll number was the key to achieving high yield.The nitrogen recovery efficiency under HH and SH were higher than CM because the nitrogen management match well with cotton development requirements.The higher LAI at the end of growth stage under SH and HH as the nitrogen fertilizer was applied at the end of the flowering stage,which was benefit for biomass accumulation and use of light and temperature.HH was more environmentally friendly as compared to SH.Therefore,HH should be encouraged to extend for sustainable agricultural development.
A large area under cotton cultivation has been occupied by the cereal crops due to the increasingly rising food demands.Thus,higher and sustainable cotton production with existing agricultural land is of critical priority.We conducted a three-year field experiment to compare seed cotton yield,the use efficiency of cumulative photo-thermal product and nitrogen with three management systems(CM,conventional management system;HH,high yield and high efficiency management system;SH,super high yield management system) and a zero-nitrogen as control at low and high soil fertility levels at Dafeng,Jiangsu.The average seed cotton yield under SH was the highest at low and high soil fertility levels followed by HH with the lowest under CM,and more boll number was the key to achieving high yield.The nitrogen recovery efficiency under HH and SH were higher than CM because the nitrogen management match well with cotton development requirements.The higher LAI at the end of growth stage under SH and HH as the nitrogen fertilizer was applied at the end of the flowering stage,which was benefit for biomass accumulation and use of light and temperature.HH was more environmentally friendly as compared to SH.Therefore,HH should be encouraged to extend for sustainable agricultural development.
引文