权力及其呈现方式对性客体化的影响

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• 英文论文题名：The Effect of Power and Its' Way of Presentation on Sexual Objectification
• 论文作者：肖丽娟 ; 郑涌
• 英文论文作者：Xiao Lijuan ; Zheng Yong ; Southwest University ; faculty of psychology
• 年：2015
• 作者机构：西南大学心理学部;
• 论文关键词：权力 ; 性客体化 ; 内隐 ; 外显 ; 工具化
• 英文论文关键词：power ; sexual objectification ; implicitly ; explicitly ; instrumental
• 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
• 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
• 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
• 语种：中文
• 分类号：B848.2
• 学会代码：ZGXG
• 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
• 会议地点：中国天津
• 主办单位：中国心理学会
• 学会名称：中国心理学会
• 页数：2
• 文件大小：771k
• 原文格式：D
• 会议级别：全国

摘要

目的:探讨权力及其呈现方式(内隐权力线索,外显权力线索)对性客体化的影响。方法:两个实验,分别采用外显和内隐的方式操作权力线索。其中,实验一以权力经历为外显权力线索,通过让被试进行权力经历的回忆启动其高(低)权力感。实验二,通过采用阈下时间(50 ms)呈现权力词汇的方式来启动被试的高(低)权力感。以被试再认正立和倒立性感人物图片的正确率为因变量,即以性感身体倒置效应作为性客体化指标。结果:(1)以权力经历回忆的方式外显启动被试的权力感时,权力的主效应差异显著(p<.05);权力分组、目标性别、目标姿势三因素交互效应差异显著(p<.05)。而当内隐启动被试的权力感时,权力的主效应和三因素交互效应均没有显著性差异(p>.05);(2)简单效应分析结果表明,外显启动被试的权力感时,高权力组个体再认性感男性正立图片的正确率显著高于倒立图片(p<.01),而辨别性感女性图片时则没有出现这种差异(p>.05)。低权力组个体再认性感男、女正立和倒立图片时,均表现出了正立图片正确率显著高于倒立图片的现象(p>.05)。结论:(1)启动个体的权力感时,采用经历回忆法比阈下时间呈现权力词汇的启动效果更显著;(2)提高权力能够助长个体的工具化倾向,进而使个体更多的表现对女性的性客体化倾向。
Objective:To explore the effect of power and its' way of presentation(power cues are presented implicitly or explicitly) on sexual objectification. Methods: We conducted two experiments and manipulated power cues explicitly and implicitly, respectively. In Experiment 1, participants were instructed to complete a recall task, writing a situation in which they either possessed power over someone else(the high power condition) or inferior to someone else(the low power condition). In Experiment 2, we presented words which either are related to high or low power with the exposure time below the level of people's awareness(50 ms) to prime participants' sense of power. And we used the accuracy rate of recognition of upright and invert sexualized features images, that is to say we regard the sexualized-body-inversion as the indicator of sexual objectification. Results:(1) When participants' power were primed via recalling power experience, there was a significant main effect for power(p <.05), and a significant power condition, target gender by target posture interaction(p <.05). However, it was contrary to the results when presenting power cues implicitly.(2)Further simple analysis indicated that when power sense was primed explicitly, participants in high power condition's accuracy rate of upright images was significantly higher than of invert images(p <.05). But for female, there was no significant difference in accuracy rate between upright and invert images(p >.05). Conclusion:(1) In order to prime participants' power sense, the priming effect of presenting explicit power cues via recalling task is more significant than presenting power cues via power words with the exposure time below peoples' consciousness.(2) Elevating power increased individuals' tendency of instrumental, and then individuals are more likely to sexually objectify sexualized female.

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