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园林植物群落与心理舒适感初探
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摘要
本文以环境心理学为理论依据,选取紫竹院、北京植物园及海淀公园的54个6种类型且具有不同特征的园林植物群落为研究对象。以实地调查结合问卷调查的方式,重点探究了不同种类、特征的园林植物群落对与人心理舒感适之间的相关性。旨在探索适用于满足人心理舒适感的植物群落配置要素,为城市绿化树种的应用提供参考,同时为城市生态园林的建设提供更为切实的理论依据。结果表明,不同类型的群落所进行的活动不同,不同活动所需要的心理感受不同,同时需要不同的群落要素来进行营造。结论如下:乔灌草型群落适宜静态活动,配植时主要考虑私密感、空间围合与近人接触;乔灌型群落适合文化休闲活动开展,配植时考虑活动者的活动范围;乔草型群落适合开展一些互动性活动,营造出给人归属感的群落环境;灌草型群落主要给人以归属感,配植出景观效果较好的灌草群落可以让游人更好的观赏游览、感受自然;乔木型群落也给人以归属感,结合硬质铺装,是举行公开互动型文化娱乐类活动的最佳场所;草坪型群落适合完全开放型活动,结合养护成本合理选择多种草坪草混播,创造出近人、舒适、适合各种规模和形式活动的户外空间。
This study has selected 6 kinds of 54 different garden plants communities as the study samples from Purple Bamboo Park,Beijing Botanical Garden and the Haidian Park based on the Environmental psychology.Field investigation and questionnaire survey are used to explore the correlation between the different types and characteristic of the landscape plant communities and the psychological comfort.It' s aims to offer the references for the application of urban greening tree species and to provide the construction of urban ecological garden with more practical and theoretical basis by exploring the plants allocation which meets the psychological comforts of the target people.Conclusions are as follows:the shrubs- type plants are suitable for static community activities,when allocate the plants,the privacy,space intimacy should be considered;the shrub- tree type plants are suit for the interactive activities,which bring a belonging feeling to the target people;the shrub- weed type plants mainly give the people a sense of belonging,a good allocation of plants make the people have more natural and comfortable feeling;the shrub- tree type plants also give people the sense of belonging,when combined with hard pavement,it best suits for the interactive entertainment activity;the lawn- type plants match the totally open activity.By combining with the maintenance costs and mixing arrange different lawns a friendly,comfortable,suitable outdoor space which is suitable for variety of activities will be created.
引文
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