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抗浮设计的关键理论探讨
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摘要
地下建(构)筑物抗浮失效从时间上分为施工阶段抗浮失效和正常使用阶段抗浮失效,无论哪个阶段抗浮失效都会影响结构安全,给人们的生命财产带来威胁,因此需杜绝此类事故的发生。建(构)筑物的抗浮失效从根本上说是由于其自重和侧壁与土的摩擦阻力之和小于地下水浮力。此外,设计抗浮能力考虑不足,未充分认识地下水的赋存状态及渗流条件,施工阶段未采取必要的抗浮措施或抗浮措施不当、不及时,未考虑台风、暴雨等偶遇条件的影响等众多因素都可能引起地下建构筑物的抗浮失效。因此,建立一套系统的、科学的、合理的抗浮理论成为设计、施工人员需要迫切解决的问题。
The anti-floating failure of the underground building(structure) is divided into the anti-floating failure and the anti-floating failure in the normal stage of the construction period.No matter which stage of anti-floating failure will affect the structural safety,it will pose a threat to people s life and property.To prevent the occurrence of such accidents.The anti-floating failure of the building is fundamentally due to its weight and the frictional resistance of the sidewall and the soil is less than the groundwater buoyancy.In addition,the design of anti-floating capacity to consider inadequate,did not fully understand the occurrence of groundwater and seepage conditions,the construction phase did not take the necessary anti-floating measures or anti-floating measures inappropriate,not timely,without considering the typhoon,rainstorm and other occasional conditions Many factors may cause anti-floating failure of underground structures.Therefore,the establishment of a systematic,scientific and reasonable anti-floating theory into the design,construction workers need to urgently solve the problem.
引文
[1]袁正如.地下工程抗浮设计中的几个问题[J].地下空间与工程学报2007;6.
    [2]李镜培,孙文杰.地下结构的浮力计算与抗拔桩设计方法研究[J].结构工程师2007;4.
    [3]张在明.地下水与建筑基础工程[M].中国建筑工业出版社;2001.
    [4]郑刚要,张书江.地下工程的抗浮优化设计[J].工程技术2009;4.
    [5]邓献礼.论建筑结构设计中地下水的影响及处理方法[J].四川建材2008;4.

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