采用滤嘴分析法评估吸烟者的口腔烟气暴露量
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- 英文论文题名：Estimation of smokers' mouth level exposure to cigarette smokeusing filter analysis method
- 论文作者：蔡君兰 ; 彭斌 ; 王冰 ; 王昇 ; 赵阁 ; 余晶晶 ; 郭军伟 ; 张晓兵 ; 谢复炜
- 英文论文作者：CAI Junlan ; PENG Bin ; WANG Bing ; WANGSheng ; ZHAOGe ; YU Jingjing ; GUOJunwei ; XIE Fuwei ; ZHANG Xiaobing ; Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院;
- 论文关键词：卷烟 ; 滤嘴 ; 评估 ; 口腔暴露量 ; 烟碱 ; 焦油 ; 茄尼醇 ; 氨 ; 巴豆醛 ; 氰化氢 ; 苯酚 ; 4-甲基亚硝胺基-1-3-吡啶基-1-丁酮(NNK) ; 苯并[a]芘 ; 抽吸方案
- 英文论文关键词：Cigarette ; Filter ; Estimation ; Mouth level exposure(MLE) ; Nicotine ; Tar ; Solanesol ; Ammonia ; Crotonaldehyde ; Hydrogen cyanide ; Phenol ; 4-(Methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone(NNK) ; Benzo(a)pyrene ; Smoking regime
- 会议召开时间：2016-12-01
- 会议录名称：中国烟草学会2016年度优秀论文汇编——烟草工业主题
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：TS411
- 学会代码：ZGYG
- 学会名称：中国烟草学会
- 页数：20
- 文件大小：1129k
- 原文格式：D
摘要
采用部分滤嘴分析法评估了中国吸烟者对9种烟气成分的口腔暴露量。(1)建立了滤嘴中烟碱、焦油、茄尼醇和6种有害成分(巴豆醛、氰化氢、氨、苯酚、苯并[a]芘和NNK)的系列定量分析方法,该系列方法对完整滤嘴和部分滤嘴都具有良好的精密度和回收率;(2)根据中国吸烟者吸烟行为调查和文献研究结果,设计了用于评估中国吸烟者口腔烟气暴露量的6种不同抽吸方案;在所设计的卷烟抽吸方案下,针对4种不同滤材(醋纤、活性炭、丙纤和纸滤嘴)卷烟,以上述9种成分为指标,建立了完整滤嘴和部分滤嘴截留量与主流烟气释放量的线性相关方程,考察了完整滤嘴法和部分滤嘴法系列线性相关方程的相关性,确定了以部分滤嘴分析法作为评估吸烟者口腔烟气暴露量的方法;(3)招募123名中国男性吸烟者分成3组,选取6 mg、8 mg和12 mg的3种ISO盒标焦油量卷烟用于吸烟者口腔暴露量的评估,每组吸烟者只抽吸其中1种卷烟,采用所建立的部分滤嘴分析法评估了吸烟者对3种卷烟烟气中9种成分的口腔暴露量,结果表明,吸烟者对6 mg ISO盒标焦油量卷烟的口腔烟气平均暴露量低于8 mg和12mg ISO盒标焦油量卷烟的吸烟者口腔烟气平均暴露量。
The Part-filter analysis method was used to estimate Chinese smokers' mouthlevel exposure(MLE)to 9 cigaretteconstituents.1)A series of quantitative analysis methods for determining nicotine, tar, solanesol and six toxicants(i.e. ammonia, crotonaldehyde, hydrogen cyanide, phenol, NNK and benzo(a)pyrene) in cigarette filter was developed, respectively. Both precision and recovery of the developed methods were satisfied for the whole-filter and part-filter. 2)According to Chinese smokers' smoking behaviors investigation and the relative literatures, 6 different smoking regimes were designed to estimate Chinese smokers' MLE to cigarette smoke. Under the designed smoking regimes, the trapping yields in cigarette filter and the yields in cigarette mainstream smoke of the 9 target analytes mentioned above were determined for 4 cigarettes with different types filters(i.e. cellulose acetate filter, activated carbon filter, polypropylene fiber filter and paper filter). The linear regression equations of the trapping yields per filter vs. the yields per cigarette of each target analytes for the whole-filter and part-filter were performed, respectively. The correlation coefficients for regression equations were studied also. On the basis of these studies, a part-filter analysis methodofestimating smokers' MLE to the 9 target constituentswas developed. 3)123 Chinese male smokers were recruited and divided into 3 groups, each group were asked to smoke one of 3cigarettes with 6 mg,8 mg, and 12 mg ISOtar yield.Smokers' MLE to 9 target constituentswereestimated using the part-filter analysismethod. And the results showed that smokers' mean MLE to 6 mg ISO tar yieldcigarettecontituents were lower than 8mg and 12 mg ISO tar yieldcigarettesconstituents.
The Part-filter analysis method was used to estimate Chinese smokers' mouthlevel exposure(MLE)to 9 cigaretteconstituents.1)A series of quantitative analysis methods for determining nicotine, tar, solanesol and six toxicants(i.e. ammonia, crotonaldehyde, hydrogen cyanide, phenol, NNK and benzo(a)pyrene) in cigarette filter was developed, respectively. Both precision and recovery of the developed methods were satisfied for the whole-filter and part-filter. 2)According to Chinese smokers' smoking behaviors investigation and the relative literatures, 6 different smoking regimes were designed to estimate Chinese smokers' MLE to cigarette smoke. Under the designed smoking regimes, the trapping yields in cigarette filter and the yields in cigarette mainstream smoke of the 9 target analytes mentioned above were determined for 4 cigarettes with different types filters(i.e. cellulose acetate filter, activated carbon filter, polypropylene fiber filter and paper filter). The linear regression equations of the trapping yields per filter vs. the yields per cigarette of each target analytes for the whole-filter and part-filter were performed, respectively. The correlation coefficients for regression equations were studied also. On the basis of these studies, a part-filter analysis methodofestimating smokers' MLE to the 9 target constituentswas developed. 3)123 Chinese male smokers were recruited and divided into 3 groups, each group were asked to smoke one of 3cigarettes with 6 mg,8 mg, and 12 mg ISOtar yield.Smokers' MLE to 9 target constituentswereestimated using the part-filter analysismethod. And the results showed that smokers' mean MLE to 6 mg ISO tar yieldcigarettecontituents were lower than 8mg and 12 mg ISO tar yieldcigarettesconstituents.
引文
[1]Shepperd C J,St Charles F K,Lien M,et al.Validation of methods for determining consumer smoked cigarette yields from cigarette filter analysis[J].Beitr Tabakforsch Int,2006,22(3):176-184.
[2]St Charles F K,Krautter G R,Dixon M,et al.A comparison of nicotine dose estimates in smokers between filter analysis,salivary cotinine,and urinary excretion of nicotine metabolites[J].Psychopharmacology,2006,189:345-354.
[3]Forbes WF,Robinson JC,Hanley JA.Studies on the nicotine exposure of individual smokers.I.Changes in mouth level exposure to nicotine on switching to lower nicotine cigarettes[J].Int.J.Addict.1976(11):933–950.
[4]Watson C,Mc Craw J,Polzin JG.Development of a method to assess cigarette smoke intake[J].Environ.Sci.Technol.,2004(38):248–253.
[5]St Charles FK.A robust method for determining consumer smoked cigarette yields from filter analytical data[R];55th Tobacco Science Research Conference,Program Booklet and Abstracts,2001(55):73–74.
[6]St Charles FK,Ashley M,Shepperd CJ,et al.A Robust Method for Estimating Human Smoked Cigarette Yields from Filter Analysis Data[J].Beitr.Tabakforsch.Int.23(2009)232–243.
[7]Dixon M.评估烟气量的卷烟滤嘴分析方法的验证[R].58th Tobacco Science Research Conference,Program Booklet and Abstracts,2004(58).
[8]Shepperd C J.,Eldridge A C,Mariner D C,et al.A study to estimate and correlate cigarette smoke exposure in smokers in Germany as determined by filter analysis and biomarkers of exposure[J].Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 55(2009)97–109.
[9]Prasad SK,Ashley M,Tran M.Role of product design and smoking behaviour on mouth level exposure to tar and nicotine among Brazilian and German smokers[M]..2009 CORESTA Meeting.
[10]Mariner DC,Ashley M,Errington G,et al.Cross-sectional study of cigarette smoke exposure in eight countries[M].2009 CORESTA Congress.
[11]Mariner DC,Ashley M,Shepperd C J,et al.Mouth level smoke exposure using analysis of filters from smoked cigarettes:A study of eight countries.Regulatory Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 61(2011)S39–S50.
[12]Bitp R,Minami N,Kakehi A,et al.Estimation of mouth level smoke exposure in cigarettes with different tar content using filter analysis.2012 CORESTA Congress.
[13]Pauly J L,Richard J.O'Connor,Geraldine M.Paszkiewicz,et al.Cigarette Filter–based Assays as Proxies for Toxicant Exposure and Smoking Behavior—A Literature Reviews[J].Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev,2009,18(12):3321-3331.
[14]YC/T 377-2010.卷烟主流烟气中氨的测定离子色谱法.
[15]YC/T 254-2008.卷烟主流烟气中主要羰基化合物的测定高效液相色谱法.
[16]YC/T 253-2008卷烟主流烟气中氰化氢的测定连续流动法
[17]YC/T 255-2008.卷烟主流烟气中主要酚类化合物的测定高效液相色谱法.
[18]YQ/T 17-2012卷烟主流烟气总粒相物中烟草特有N-亚硝胺的测定高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用法
[19]GB/T 21130-2007.卷烟烟气总粒相物中苯并[α]芘的测定.
[20]GB/T 23355-2009卷烟总粒相物中烟碱的测定气相色谱法.
[21]GB/T 19609-2004卷烟用常规分析用吸烟机测定总粒相物和焦油.
[22]陈玉松,王异,彭斌,等.卷烟烟气和滤嘴中茄尼醇的快速液相色谱测定及其在卷烟烟气摄入量评估的应用.烟草科技,2013,1:46-49.
[23]Keith C H.Physical mechanisms of smoke filtration[J].Rec.Adv.Tob.Sci.1978,4,25-45.
[24]Norman V,Ihrig AM,Shoffner RA,et al.The effect of tip dilution on the filtration efficiency of upstream and downstream segments of cigarette filters[J].Beitr.Tabakforsch.Int.1984(12):178–185.
[2]St Charles F K,Krautter G R,Dixon M,et al.A comparison of nicotine dose estimates in smokers between filter analysis,salivary cotinine,and urinary excretion of nicotine metabolites[J].Psychopharmacology,2006,189:345-354.
[3]Forbes WF,Robinson JC,Hanley JA.Studies on the nicotine exposure of individual smokers.I.Changes in mouth level exposure to nicotine on switching to lower nicotine cigarettes[J].Int.J.Addict.1976(11):933–950.
[4]Watson C,Mc Craw J,Polzin JG.Development of a method to assess cigarette smoke intake[J].Environ.Sci.Technol.,2004(38):248–253.
[5]St Charles FK.A robust method for determining consumer smoked cigarette yields from filter analytical data[R];55th Tobacco Science Research Conference,Program Booklet and Abstracts,2001(55):73–74.
[6]St Charles FK,Ashley M,Shepperd CJ,et al.A Robust Method for Estimating Human Smoked Cigarette Yields from Filter Analysis Data[J].Beitr.Tabakforsch.Int.23(2009)232–243.
[7]Dixon M.评估烟气量的卷烟滤嘴分析方法的验证[R].58th Tobacco Science Research Conference,Program Booklet and Abstracts,2004(58).
[8]Shepperd C J.,Eldridge A C,Mariner D C,et al.A study to estimate and correlate cigarette smoke exposure in smokers in Germany as determined by filter analysis and biomarkers of exposure[J].Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 55(2009)97–109.
[9]Prasad SK,Ashley M,Tran M.Role of product design and smoking behaviour on mouth level exposure to tar and nicotine among Brazilian and German smokers[M]..2009 CORESTA Meeting.
[10]Mariner DC,Ashley M,Errington G,et al.Cross-sectional study of cigarette smoke exposure in eight countries[M].2009 CORESTA Congress.
[11]Mariner DC,Ashley M,Shepperd C J,et al.Mouth level smoke exposure using analysis of filters from smoked cigarettes:A study of eight countries.Regulatory Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 61(2011)S39–S50.
[12]Bitp R,Minami N,Kakehi A,et al.Estimation of mouth level smoke exposure in cigarettes with different tar content using filter analysis.2012 CORESTA Congress.
[13]Pauly J L,Richard J.O'Connor,Geraldine M.Paszkiewicz,et al.Cigarette Filter–based Assays as Proxies for Toxicant Exposure and Smoking Behavior—A Literature Reviews[J].Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev,2009,18(12):3321-3331.
[14]YC/T 377-2010.卷烟主流烟气中氨的测定离子色谱法.
[15]YC/T 254-2008.卷烟主流烟气中主要羰基化合物的测定高效液相色谱法.
[16]YC/T 253-2008卷烟主流烟气中氰化氢的测定连续流动法
[17]YC/T 255-2008.卷烟主流烟气中主要酚类化合物的测定高效液相色谱法.
[18]YQ/T 17-2012卷烟主流烟气总粒相物中烟草特有N-亚硝胺的测定高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用法
[19]GB/T 21130-2007.卷烟烟气总粒相物中苯并[α]芘的测定.
[20]GB/T 23355-2009卷烟总粒相物中烟碱的测定气相色谱法.
[21]GB/T 19609-2004卷烟用常规分析用吸烟机测定总粒相物和焦油.
[22]陈玉松,王异,彭斌,等.卷烟烟气和滤嘴中茄尼醇的快速液相色谱测定及其在卷烟烟气摄入量评估的应用.烟草科技,2013,1:46-49.
[23]Keith C H.Physical mechanisms of smoke filtration[J].Rec.Adv.Tob.Sci.1978,4,25-45.
[24]Norman V,Ihrig AM,Shoffner RA,et al.The effect of tip dilution on the filtration efficiency of upstream and downstream segments of cigarette filters[J].Beitr.Tabakforsch.Int.1984(12):178–185.