Enrichment of thermophilic and mesophilic microbial consortia for efficient degradation of corn stalk
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摘要
Six different environmental samples were applied to enrich microbial consortia for efficient degradation of corn stalk,under the thermophilic and mesophilic conditions.The consortium obtained from anaerobic digested sludge under thermophilic condition(TC-Y)had the highest lignocellulose-degrading activity.The CO_2yield was 246.73 m L/g VS in23 days,meanwhile,the maximum CO_2production rate was 15.48 mL/(CO_2·d),which was28.75%and 52.27%higher than that under mesophilic condition,respectively.The peak value of cellulase activity reached 0.105 U/mL,which was at least 34.61%higher than the other groups.In addition,49.5%of corn stalk was degraded in 20 days,moreover,the degradation ratio of cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin can reach 52.76%,62.45%and42.23%,respectively.Microbial consortium structure analysis indicated that the TC-Y contained the phylum of Gemmatimonadetes,Acidobacteria,Chloroflexi,Planctomycetes,Firmicutes,and Proteobacteria.Furthermore,the Pseudoxanthomonas belonging to GammaProteobacteria might be the key bacterial group for the lignocellulose degradation.These results indicated the capability of degrading un-pretreated corn stalk and the potential for further investigation and application of TC-Y.
Six different environmental samples were applied to enrich microbial consortia for efficient degradation of corn stalk,under the thermophilic and mesophilic conditions.The consortium obtained from anaerobic digested sludge under thermophilic condition(TC-Y)had the highest lignocellulose-degrading activity.The CO_2yield was 246.73 m L/g VS in23 days,meanwhile,the maximum CO_2production rate was 15.48 mL/(CO_2·d),which was28.75%and 52.27%higher than that under mesophilic condition,respectively.The peak value of cellulase activity reached 0.105 U/mL,which was at least 34.61%higher than the other groups.In addition,49.5%of corn stalk was degraded in 20 days,moreover,the degradation ratio of cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin can reach 52.76%,62.45%and42.23%,respectively.Microbial consortium structure analysis indicated that the TC-Y contained the phylum of Gemmatimonadetes,Acidobacteria,Chloroflexi,Planctomycetes,Firmicutes,and Proteobacteria.Furthermore,the Pseudoxanthomonas belonging to GammaProteobacteria might be the key bacterial group for the lignocellulose degradation.These results indicated the capability of degrading un-pretreated corn stalk and the potential for further investigation and application of TC-Y.
Six different environmental samples were applied to enrich microbial consortia for efficient degradation of corn stalk,under the thermophilic and mesophilic conditions.The consortium obtained from anaerobic digested sludge under thermophilic condition(TC-Y)had the highest lignocellulose-degrading activity.The CO_2yield was 246.73 m L/g VS in23 days,meanwhile,the maximum CO_2production rate was 15.48 mL/(CO_2·d),which was28.75%and 52.27%higher than that under mesophilic condition,respectively.The peak value of cellulase activity reached 0.105 U/mL,which was at least 34.61%higher than the other groups.In addition,49.5%of corn stalk was degraded in 20 days,moreover,the degradation ratio of cellulose,hemicellulose and lignin can reach 52.76%,62.45%and42.23%,respectively.Microbial consortium structure analysis indicated that the TC-Y contained the phylum of Gemmatimonadetes,Acidobacteria,Chloroflexi,Planctomycetes,Firmicutes,and Proteobacteria.Furthermore,the Pseudoxanthomonas belonging to GammaProteobacteria might be the key bacterial group for the lignocellulose degradation.These results indicated the capability of degrading un-pretreated corn stalk and the potential for further investigation and application of TC-Y.
引文
Alonso,D.M.,Wettstein,S.G.,Dumesic,J.A.,2012.Bimetallic catalysts for upgrading of biomass to fuels and chemicals.Chem.Soc.Rev.41,8075-8098.
APHA,2006.Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater.21st Ed.American Public Health Association.
Asgher,M.,Wahab,A.,Bilal,M.,Nasir Iqbal,H.M.,2016.Lignocellulose degradation and production of lignin modifying enzymes by Schizophyllum commune IBL-06 in solid-state fermentation.Biocatal.Agric.Biotechnol.6,195-201.
Bilal,M.,Asgher,M.,Iqbal,H.M.,Hu,H.,Zhang,X.,2017a.Biobased degradation of emerging endocrine-disrupting and dyebased pollutants using cross-linked enzyme aggregates.Environ.Sci.Pollut.Res.Int.24,7035-7041.
Bilal,M.,Asgher,M.,Iqbal,H.M.N.,Ramzan,M.,2017b.Enhanced bio-ethanol production from old newspapers waste through alkali and enzymatic delignification.Waste Biomass Valoriz.8,2271-2281.
Bilal,M.,Asgher,M.,Parra-Saldivar,R.,Hu,H.,Wang,W.,Zhang,X.,et al.,2017c.Immobilized ligninolytic enzymes:an innovative and environmental responsive technology to tackle dye-based industrial pollutants-a review.Sci.Total Environ.576,646-659.
Bugg,T.D.,Ahmad,M.,Hardiman,E.M.,Singh,R.,2011.The emerging role for bacteria in lignin degradation and bioproduct formation.Curr.Opin.Biotechnol.22,394-400.
Fernandez-Gomez,B.,Richter,M.,Schuler,M.,Pinhassi,J.,Acinas,S.G.,Gonzalez,J.M.,et al.,2013.Ecology of marine Bacteroidetes:a comparative genomics approach.ISME J.7,1026-1037.
Fu,S.F.,Wang,F.,Yuan,X.Z.,Yang,Z.M.,Luo,S.J.,Wang,C.S.,et al.,2015.The thermophilic(55°C)microaerobic pretreatment of corn straw for anaerobic digestion.Bioresour.Technol.175,203-208.
Fu,S.F.,Wang,F.,Shi,X.S.,Guo,R.B.,2016.Impacts of microaeration on the anaerobic digestion of corn straw and the microbial community structure.Chem.Eng.J.287,523-528.
Ghose,T.K.,1987.Measurement of cellulase activities.Pure Appl.Chem.59,257-268.
Goering,H.K.,Soest,P.J.V.,1970.Forage Fiber Analyses(Apparatus,Reagents,Procedures,and Some Applications).Agricultural Research Service,United States Department of Agriculture.
Guo,P.,Wang,X.,Zhu,W.,Yang,H.,Cheng,X.,Cui,Z.,2008.Degradation of corn stalk by the composite microbial system of MC1.J.Environ.Sci.20,109-114.
Guo,P.,Zhu,W.,Wang,H.,Lu,Y.,Wang,X.,Zheng,D.,et al.,2010.Functional characteristics and diversity of a novel lignocelluloses degrading composite microbial system with high xylanase activity.J.Microbiol.Biotechnol.20,254-264.
Hamid,S.B.A.,Islam,M.M.,Das,R.,2015.Cellulase biocatalysis:key influencing factors and mode of action.Cellulose 22,2157-2182.
Huang,X.F.,Santhanam,N.,Badri,D.V.,Hunter,W.J.,Manter,D.K.,Decker,S.R.,et al.,2013.Isolation and characterization of lignin-degrading bacteria from rainforest soils.Biotechnol.Bioeng.110,1616-1626.
Hug,L.A.,Castelle,C.J.,Wrighton,K.C.,Thomas,B.C.,Sharon,I.,Frischkorn,K.R.,et al.,2013.Community genomic analyses constrain the distribution of metabolic traits across the Chloroflexi phylum and indicate roles in sediment carbon cycling.Microbiome 1,1-22.
Kampmann,K.,Ratering,S.,Kramer,I.,Schmidt,M.,Zerr,W.,Schnell,S.,2012.Unexpected stability of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes communities in laboratory biogas reactors fed with different defined substrates.Appl.Environ.Microbiol.78,2106-2119.
Kumar,R.,Mago,G.,Balan,V.,Wyman,C.E.,2009.Physical and chemical characterizations of corn stover and poplar solids resulting from leading pretreatment technologies.Bioresour.Technol.100,3948-3962.
Kumar,M.,Revathi,K.,Khanna,S.,2015.Biodegradation of cellulosic and lignocellulosic waste by Pseudoxanthomonas sp.R-28.Carbohydr.Polym.134,761-766.
Kupryashina,M.A.,Petrov,S.V.,Ponomareva,E.G.,Nikitina,V.E.,2015.Ligninolytic activity of bacteria of the genera Azospirillum and Niveispirillum.Mikrobiologiia 84,691-696.
Liang,J.,Fang,X.,Lin,Y.,Wang,D.,2018.A new screened microbial consortium OEM2 for lignocellulosic biomass deconstruction and chlorophenols detoxification.J.Hazard.Mater.347,341-348.
Lim,J.W.,Chiam,J.A.,Wang,J.Y.,2014.Microbial community structure reveals how microaeration improves fermentation during anaerobic co-digestion of brown water and food waste.Bioresour.Technol.171,132-138.
Maki,M.,Leung,K.T.,Qin,W.,2009.The prospects of cellulaseproducing bacteria for the bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass.Int.J.Biol.Sci.5,500-516.
Oh,H.N.,Lee,T.K.,Park,J.W.,No,J.H.,Kim,D.,Sul,W.J.,2017.Metagenomic SMRT sequencing-based exploration of novel lignocellulose-degrading capability in wood detritus from Torreya nucifera in Bija Forest on Jeju Island.J.Microbiol.Biotechnol.27,1670-1680.
Phongpreecha,T.,Hool,N.C.,Stoklosa,R.J.,Klett,A.S.,Foster,C.E.,Bhalla,A.,et al.,2017.Predicting lignin depolymerization yields from quantifiable properties using fractionated biorefinery lignins.Green Chem.19,5131-5143.
Ramadoss,G.,Muthukumar,K.,2015.Influence of dual salt on the pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse with hydrogen peroxide for bioethanol production.Chem.Eng.J.260,178-187.
Sadhu,S.,Maiti,T.K.,2013.Cellulase production by bacteria:a review.Br.Microbiol.Res.J.3,235-258.
Shallom,D.,Shoham,Y.,2003.Microbial hemicellulases.Curr.Opin.Microbiol.6,219-228.
Takai,K.,Campbell,B.J.,Cary,S.C.,Suzuki,M.,Oida,H.,Nunoura,T.,et al.,2005.Enzymatic and genetic characterization of carbon and energy metabolisms by deep-sea hydrothermal chemolithoautotrophic isolates of Epsilonproteobacteria.Appl.Environ.Microbiol.71,7310-7320.
Tian,W.,Zhang,Z.,Wang,Z.,Wang,X.,Li,Y.,Liu,Z.,2014.Lignocelluloses degradation and related biological characteristics during thermophilic composting of cow dung.Acta Agric.Zhejiangensis 26,432-438.
Wang,W.D.,Yan,L.,Cui,Z.J.,Gao,Y.M.,Wang,Y.J.,Jing,R.Y.,2011.Characterization of a microbial consortium capable of degrading lignocellulose.Bioresour.Technol.102,9321-9324.
Wang,H.,Li,J.J.,Lu,Y.C.,Guo,P.,Wang,X.F.,Kazuhiro,M.,et al.,2013a.Bioconversion of un-pretreated lignocellulosic materials by a microbial consortium XDC-2.Bioresour.Technol.136,481-487.
Wang,Y.X.,Liu,Q.,Yan,L.,Gao,Y.M.,Wang,Y.J.,Wang,W.D.,2013b.A novel lignin degradation bacterial consortium for efficient pulping.Bioresour.Technol.139,113-119.
Wang,Z.,Cao,G.,Zheng,J.,Fu,D.,Song,J.,Zhang,J.,et al.,2015.Developing a mesophilic co-culture for direct conversion of cellulose to butanol in consolidated bioprocess.Biotechnol.Biofuels 8,1-9.
Wang,C.,Dong,D.,Wang,H.,Muller,K.,Qin,Y.,Wang,H.,et al.,2016.Metagenomic analysis of microbial consortia enriched from compost:new insights into the role of Actinobacteria in lignocellulose decomposition.Biotechnol.Biofuels 9,1-17.
Ward,N.L.,Challacombe,J.F.,Janssen,P.H.,Henrissat,B.,Coutinho,P.M.,Wu,M.,et al.,2009.Three genomes from the phylum Acidobacteria provide insight into the lifestyles of these microorganisms in soils.Appl.Environ.Microbiol.75,2046-2056.
Wen,B.,Yuan,X.,Cao,Y.,Liu,Y.,Wang,X.,Cui,Z.,2012.Optimization of liquid fermentation of microbial consortium WSD-5 followed by saccharification and acidification of wheat straw.Bioresour.Technol.118,141-149.
Wirth,R.,Kovács,E.,Maróti,G.,Bagi,Z.,Rákhely,G.,Kovács,K.L.,2012.Characterization of a biogas-producing microbial community by short-read next generation DNA sequencing.Biotechnol.Biofuels 5,41-56.
Wongwilaiwalin,S.,Rattanachomsri,U.,Laothanachareon,T.,Eurwilaichitr,L.,Igarashi,Y.,Champreda,V.,2010.Analysis of a thermophilic lignocellulose degrading microbial consortium and multi-species lignocellulolytic enzyme system.Enzyme Microb.Technol.47,283-290.
Wushke,S.,Levin,D.B.,Cicek,N.,Sparling,R.,2015.Facultative anaerobe Caldibacillus debilis GB1:characterization and use in a designed aerotolerant,cellulose-degrading coculture with Clostridium thermocellum.Appl.Environ.Microbiol.81,5567-5573.
Yang,Z.,Guo,R.,Xu,X.,Fan,X.,Li,X.,2011.Thermo-alkaline pretreatment of lipid-extracted microalgal biomass residues enhances hydrogen production.J.Chem.Technol.Biotechnol.86,454-460.
Zhang,D.,Wang,Y.,Zhang,C.,Zheng,D.,Guo,P.,Cui,Z.,2018.Characterization of a thermophilic lignocellulose-degrading microbial consortium with high extracellular xylanase activity.J.Microbiol.Biotechnol.28,305-313.
APHA,2006.Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater.21st Ed.American Public Health Association.
Asgher,M.,Wahab,A.,Bilal,M.,Nasir Iqbal,H.M.,2016.Lignocellulose degradation and production of lignin modifying enzymes by Schizophyllum commune IBL-06 in solid-state fermentation.Biocatal.Agric.Biotechnol.6,195-201.
Bilal,M.,Asgher,M.,Iqbal,H.M.,Hu,H.,Zhang,X.,2017a.Biobased degradation of emerging endocrine-disrupting and dyebased pollutants using cross-linked enzyme aggregates.Environ.Sci.Pollut.Res.Int.24,7035-7041.
Bilal,M.,Asgher,M.,Iqbal,H.M.N.,Ramzan,M.,2017b.Enhanced bio-ethanol production from old newspapers waste through alkali and enzymatic delignification.Waste Biomass Valoriz.8,2271-2281.
Bilal,M.,Asgher,M.,Parra-Saldivar,R.,Hu,H.,Wang,W.,Zhang,X.,et al.,2017c.Immobilized ligninolytic enzymes:an innovative and environmental responsive technology to tackle dye-based industrial pollutants-a review.Sci.Total Environ.576,646-659.
Bugg,T.D.,Ahmad,M.,Hardiman,E.M.,Singh,R.,2011.The emerging role for bacteria in lignin degradation and bioproduct formation.Curr.Opin.Biotechnol.22,394-400.
Fernandez-Gomez,B.,Richter,M.,Schuler,M.,Pinhassi,J.,Acinas,S.G.,Gonzalez,J.M.,et al.,2013.Ecology of marine Bacteroidetes:a comparative genomics approach.ISME J.7,1026-1037.
Fu,S.F.,Wang,F.,Yuan,X.Z.,Yang,Z.M.,Luo,S.J.,Wang,C.S.,et al.,2015.The thermophilic(55°C)microaerobic pretreatment of corn straw for anaerobic digestion.Bioresour.Technol.175,203-208.
Fu,S.F.,Wang,F.,Shi,X.S.,Guo,R.B.,2016.Impacts of microaeration on the anaerobic digestion of corn straw and the microbial community structure.Chem.Eng.J.287,523-528.
Ghose,T.K.,1987.Measurement of cellulase activities.Pure Appl.Chem.59,257-268.
Goering,H.K.,Soest,P.J.V.,1970.Forage Fiber Analyses(Apparatus,Reagents,Procedures,and Some Applications).Agricultural Research Service,United States Department of Agriculture.
Guo,P.,Wang,X.,Zhu,W.,Yang,H.,Cheng,X.,Cui,Z.,2008.Degradation of corn stalk by the composite microbial system of MC1.J.Environ.Sci.20,109-114.
Guo,P.,Zhu,W.,Wang,H.,Lu,Y.,Wang,X.,Zheng,D.,et al.,2010.Functional characteristics and diversity of a novel lignocelluloses degrading composite microbial system with high xylanase activity.J.Microbiol.Biotechnol.20,254-264.
Hamid,S.B.A.,Islam,M.M.,Das,R.,2015.Cellulase biocatalysis:key influencing factors and mode of action.Cellulose 22,2157-2182.
Huang,X.F.,Santhanam,N.,Badri,D.V.,Hunter,W.J.,Manter,D.K.,Decker,S.R.,et al.,2013.Isolation and characterization of lignin-degrading bacteria from rainforest soils.Biotechnol.Bioeng.110,1616-1626.
Hug,L.A.,Castelle,C.J.,Wrighton,K.C.,Thomas,B.C.,Sharon,I.,Frischkorn,K.R.,et al.,2013.Community genomic analyses constrain the distribution of metabolic traits across the Chloroflexi phylum and indicate roles in sediment carbon cycling.Microbiome 1,1-22.
Kampmann,K.,Ratering,S.,Kramer,I.,Schmidt,M.,Zerr,W.,Schnell,S.,2012.Unexpected stability of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes communities in laboratory biogas reactors fed with different defined substrates.Appl.Environ.Microbiol.78,2106-2119.
Kumar,R.,Mago,G.,Balan,V.,Wyman,C.E.,2009.Physical and chemical characterizations of corn stover and poplar solids resulting from leading pretreatment technologies.Bioresour.Technol.100,3948-3962.
Kumar,M.,Revathi,K.,Khanna,S.,2015.Biodegradation of cellulosic and lignocellulosic waste by Pseudoxanthomonas sp.R-28.Carbohydr.Polym.134,761-766.
Kupryashina,M.A.,Petrov,S.V.,Ponomareva,E.G.,Nikitina,V.E.,2015.Ligninolytic activity of bacteria of the genera Azospirillum and Niveispirillum.Mikrobiologiia 84,691-696.
Liang,J.,Fang,X.,Lin,Y.,Wang,D.,2018.A new screened microbial consortium OEM2 for lignocellulosic biomass deconstruction and chlorophenols detoxification.J.Hazard.Mater.347,341-348.
Lim,J.W.,Chiam,J.A.,Wang,J.Y.,2014.Microbial community structure reveals how microaeration improves fermentation during anaerobic co-digestion of brown water and food waste.Bioresour.Technol.171,132-138.
Maki,M.,Leung,K.T.,Qin,W.,2009.The prospects of cellulaseproducing bacteria for the bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass.Int.J.Biol.Sci.5,500-516.
Oh,H.N.,Lee,T.K.,Park,J.W.,No,J.H.,Kim,D.,Sul,W.J.,2017.Metagenomic SMRT sequencing-based exploration of novel lignocellulose-degrading capability in wood detritus from Torreya nucifera in Bija Forest on Jeju Island.J.Microbiol.Biotechnol.27,1670-1680.
Phongpreecha,T.,Hool,N.C.,Stoklosa,R.J.,Klett,A.S.,Foster,C.E.,Bhalla,A.,et al.,2017.Predicting lignin depolymerization yields from quantifiable properties using fractionated biorefinery lignins.Green Chem.19,5131-5143.
Ramadoss,G.,Muthukumar,K.,2015.Influence of dual salt on the pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse with hydrogen peroxide for bioethanol production.Chem.Eng.J.260,178-187.
Sadhu,S.,Maiti,T.K.,2013.Cellulase production by bacteria:a review.Br.Microbiol.Res.J.3,235-258.
Shallom,D.,Shoham,Y.,2003.Microbial hemicellulases.Curr.Opin.Microbiol.6,219-228.
Takai,K.,Campbell,B.J.,Cary,S.C.,Suzuki,M.,Oida,H.,Nunoura,T.,et al.,2005.Enzymatic and genetic characterization of carbon and energy metabolisms by deep-sea hydrothermal chemolithoautotrophic isolates of Epsilonproteobacteria.Appl.Environ.Microbiol.71,7310-7320.
Tian,W.,Zhang,Z.,Wang,Z.,Wang,X.,Li,Y.,Liu,Z.,2014.Lignocelluloses degradation and related biological characteristics during thermophilic composting of cow dung.Acta Agric.Zhejiangensis 26,432-438.
Wang,W.D.,Yan,L.,Cui,Z.J.,Gao,Y.M.,Wang,Y.J.,Jing,R.Y.,2011.Characterization of a microbial consortium capable of degrading lignocellulose.Bioresour.Technol.102,9321-9324.
Wang,H.,Li,J.J.,Lu,Y.C.,Guo,P.,Wang,X.F.,Kazuhiro,M.,et al.,2013a.Bioconversion of un-pretreated lignocellulosic materials by a microbial consortium XDC-2.Bioresour.Technol.136,481-487.
Wang,Y.X.,Liu,Q.,Yan,L.,Gao,Y.M.,Wang,Y.J.,Wang,W.D.,2013b.A novel lignin degradation bacterial consortium for efficient pulping.Bioresour.Technol.139,113-119.
Wang,Z.,Cao,G.,Zheng,J.,Fu,D.,Song,J.,Zhang,J.,et al.,2015.Developing a mesophilic co-culture for direct conversion of cellulose to butanol in consolidated bioprocess.Biotechnol.Biofuels 8,1-9.
Wang,C.,Dong,D.,Wang,H.,Muller,K.,Qin,Y.,Wang,H.,et al.,2016.Metagenomic analysis of microbial consortia enriched from compost:new insights into the role of Actinobacteria in lignocellulose decomposition.Biotechnol.Biofuels 9,1-17.
Ward,N.L.,Challacombe,J.F.,Janssen,P.H.,Henrissat,B.,Coutinho,P.M.,Wu,M.,et al.,2009.Three genomes from the phylum Acidobacteria provide insight into the lifestyles of these microorganisms in soils.Appl.Environ.Microbiol.75,2046-2056.
Wen,B.,Yuan,X.,Cao,Y.,Liu,Y.,Wang,X.,Cui,Z.,2012.Optimization of liquid fermentation of microbial consortium WSD-5 followed by saccharification and acidification of wheat straw.Bioresour.Technol.118,141-149.
Wirth,R.,Kovács,E.,Maróti,G.,Bagi,Z.,Rákhely,G.,Kovács,K.L.,2012.Characterization of a biogas-producing microbial community by short-read next generation DNA sequencing.Biotechnol.Biofuels 5,41-56.
Wongwilaiwalin,S.,Rattanachomsri,U.,Laothanachareon,T.,Eurwilaichitr,L.,Igarashi,Y.,Champreda,V.,2010.Analysis of a thermophilic lignocellulose degrading microbial consortium and multi-species lignocellulolytic enzyme system.Enzyme Microb.Technol.47,283-290.
Wushke,S.,Levin,D.B.,Cicek,N.,Sparling,R.,2015.Facultative anaerobe Caldibacillus debilis GB1:characterization and use in a designed aerotolerant,cellulose-degrading coculture with Clostridium thermocellum.Appl.Environ.Microbiol.81,5567-5573.
Yang,Z.,Guo,R.,Xu,X.,Fan,X.,Li,X.,2011.Thermo-alkaline pretreatment of lipid-extracted microalgal biomass residues enhances hydrogen production.J.Chem.Technol.Biotechnol.86,454-460.
Zhang,D.,Wang,Y.,Zhang,C.,Zheng,D.,Guo,P.,Cui,Z.,2018.Characterization of a thermophilic lignocellulose-degrading microbial consortium with high extracellular xylanase activity.J.Microbiol.Biotechnol.28,305-313.