Pathological process of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells in liver diseases
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摘要
Cirrhosis develops from liver fibrosis and is the severe pathological stage of all chronic liver injury. Cirrhosis caused by hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection is especially common. Liver fibrosis and cirrhosis involve excess production of extracellular matrix,which is closely related to liver sinusoidal endothelial cells(LSECs). Damaged LSECs can synthesize transforming growth factor-beta and platelet-derived growth factor,which activate hepatic stellate cells and facilitate the synthesis of extracellular matrix. Herein,we highlight the angiogenic cytokines of LSECs related to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis at different stages and focus on the formation and development of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Inhibition of LSEC angiogenesis and antiangiogenic therapy are described in detail. Targeting LSECs has high therapeutic potential for liver diseases. Further understanding of the mechanism of action will provide stronger evidence for the development of anti-LSEC drugs and new directions for diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases.
Cirrhosis develops from liver fibrosis and is the severe pathological stage of all chronic liver injury. Cirrhosis caused by hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection is especially common. Liver fibrosis and cirrhosis involve excess production of extracellular matrix,which is closely related to liver sinusoidal endothelial cells(LSECs). Damaged LSECs can synthesize transforming growth factor-beta and platelet-derived growth factor,which activate hepatic stellate cells and facilitate the synthesis of extracellular matrix. Herein,we highlight the angiogenic cytokines of LSECs related to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis at different stages and focus on the formation and development of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Inhibition of LSEC angiogenesis and antiangiogenic therapy are described in detail. Targeting LSECs has high therapeutic potential for liver diseases. Further understanding of the mechanism of action will provide stronger evidence for the development of anti-LSEC drugs and new directions for diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases.
Cirrhosis develops from liver fibrosis and is the severe pathological stage of all chronic liver injury. Cirrhosis caused by hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection is especially common. Liver fibrosis and cirrhosis involve excess production of extracellular matrix,which is closely related to liver sinusoidal endothelial cells(LSECs). Damaged LSECs can synthesize transforming growth factor-beta and platelet-derived growth factor,which activate hepatic stellate cells and facilitate the synthesis of extracellular matrix. Herein,we highlight the angiogenic cytokines of LSECs related to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis at different stages and focus on the formation and development of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Inhibition of LSEC angiogenesis and antiangiogenic therapy are described in detail. Targeting LSECs has high therapeutic potential for liver diseases. Further understanding of the mechanism of action will provide stronger evidence for the development of anti-LSEC drugs and new directions for diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases.
引文
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2 Poisson J,Lemoinne S,Boulanger C,Durand F,Moreau R,Valla D,Rautou PE.Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells:Physiology and role in liver diseases.J Hepatol 2017;66:212-227[PMID:27423426DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2016.07.009]
3 Breiner KM,Schaller H,Knolle PA.Endothelial cell-mediated uptake of a hepatitis B virus:a new concept of liver targeting of hepatotropic microorganisms.Hepatology 2001;34:803-808[PMID:11584379 DOI:10.1053/jhep.2001.27810]
4 P?hlmann S,Zhang J,Baribaud F,Chen Z,Leslie GJ,Lin G,Granelli-Piperno A,Doms RW,Rice CM,Mc Keating JA.Hepatitis C virus glycoproteins interact with DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR.J Virol 2003;77:4070-4080[PMID:12634366 DOI:10.1128/JVI.77.7.4070-4080.2003]
5 Broering R,Wu J,Meng Z,Hilgard P,Lu M,Trippler M,Szczeponek A,Gerken G,Schlaak JF.Toll-like receptor-stimulated non-parenchymal liver cells can regulate hepatitis C virus replication.J Hepatol 2008;48:914-922[PMID:18362039 DOI:10 .1016/j.jhep.2008.01.028]
6 Bissell DM,Wang SS,Jarnagin WR,Roll FJ.Cell-specific expression of transforming growth factor-βin rat liver evidence for autocrine regulation of hepatocyte proliferation.J Clin Invest 1995;96:447-455[DOI:10.1172/JCI118055]
7 Limmer A,Ohl J,Wingender G,Berg M,Jüngerkes F,Schumak B,Djandji D,Scholz K,Klevenz A,Hegenbarth S,Momburg F,H?mmerling GJ,Arnold B,Knolle PA.Cross-presentation of oral antigens by liver sinusoidal endothelial cells leads to CD8 T cell tolerance.Eur J Immunol 2005;35:2970-2981[PMID:16163670DOI:10.1002/eji.200526034]
8 Knolle PA,Gerken G.Local control of the immune response in the liver.Immunol Rev 2000;174:21-34[PMID:10807504 DOI:10 .1034/j.1600-0528.2002.017408.x]
9 Yamazaki T,Joshita S,Umemura T,Usami Y,Sugiura A,Fujimori N,Shibata S,Ichikawa Y,Komatsu M,Matsumoto A,Igarashi K,Tanaka E.Association of Serum Autotaxin Levels with Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C.Sci Rep 2017;7:46705[PMID:28425454 DOI:10.1038/srep46705]
10 Kantari-Mimoun C,Castells M,Klose R,Meinecke AK,Lemberger UJ,Rautou PE,Pinot-Roussel H,Badoual C,Schr?dter K,?sterreicher CH,Fandrey J,Stockmann C.Resolution of liver fibrosis requires myeloid cell-driven sinusoidal angiogenesis.Hepatology 2015;61:2042-2055[PMID:25475053 DOI:10.1002/hep.27635]
11 Glińska-Suchocka K,Or?owska A,Spu?ak J,Jankowski M,Kubiak K.Suitability of using serum hialuronic acid concentrations in the diagnosis of canine liver fibrosis.Pol J Vet Sci 2015;18:873-878[PMID:26812832 DOI:10.1515/pjvs-2015-0113]
12 De Leve LD.Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells in hepatic fibrosis.Hepatology 2015;61:1740-1746[PMID:25131509 DOI:10.1002/hep.27376]
13 Zhang F,Zhang Z,Chen L,Kong D,Zhang X,Lu C,Lu Y,Zheng S.Curcumin attenuates angiogenesis in liver fibrosis and inhibits angiogenic properties of hepatic stellate cells.J Cell Mol Med 2014;18:1392-1406[PMID:24779927 DOI:10.1111/jcmm.12286]
14 Xu M,Wang X,Zou Y,Zhong Y.Key role of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells in liver fibrosis.Biosci Trends 2017;11:163-168[PMID:28250338 DOI:10.5582/bst.2017.01007]
15 Zhou WC,Zhang QB,Qiao L.Pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis.World J Gastroenterol 2014;20:7312-7324[PMID:24966602DOI:10.3748/wjg.v20.i23.7312]
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