内蒙古乌兰哈达晚第四纪玄武岩岩石学特征
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摘要
乌兰哈达火山群地处华北地块北缘内蒙地轴与边缘增生带的交接部位,晚第四纪玄武岩包括晚更新世和全新世2期。火山产物为玄武岩、玄武质熔结火山碎屑岩和松散火山渣,以玄武岩为主。Na2O+K2O含量高达5.94%~8.34%,平均为7.55%;K2O/Na2O<1(0.48~0.59),属钠质碱性玄武岩。岩石化学和地球化学特征表明,玄武岩岩浆来自富集地幔,但经历了一定程度的分异及陆壳混染,为弱进化岩浆。晚更新世早期主要为碱性橄榄玄武岩,全新世主要为碱玄岩。玄武岩具大陆板内之属性,形成于大陆裂谷初期的构造环境。
Wulanhada volcano cluster is located at the intersection area between the Inner Mongolia Axis and its bordering accretion zone in the northern borderland of North China massif. The Late Quaternary includes the Late Pleistocene Epoch and the Holocene Epoch. The volcanic products are mainly basalt, together with basaltic welded pyroclastic rocks and loose cinders. With alkaline contents( Na2 O + K2O) of the basalts ranging from 5.94% to 8.34%( 7.55% in average),and K2 O / Na2 O from 0.48 to 0.59( lower than 1),it falls into the category of sodium-alkaline series.Chemical and geochemical characteristics indicate that the basaltic magma,to a certain degree of magmatic differentiation and crustal contamination,is of weak evolution,although it is generated from enriched mantle. The Late Pleistocene is mainly of alkaline-olivine basalts while the Holocene is of tephrite. With a continental intraplate origin,Wulanhada basalts were formed in an intraplate setting at the early stage of continental rifting.
Wulanhada volcano cluster is located at the intersection area between the Inner Mongolia Axis and its bordering accretion zone in the northern borderland of North China massif. The Late Quaternary includes the Late Pleistocene Epoch and the Holocene Epoch. The volcanic products are mainly basalt, together with basaltic welded pyroclastic rocks and loose cinders. With alkaline contents( Na2 O + K2O) of the basalts ranging from 5.94% to 8.34%( 7.55% in average),and K2 O / Na2 O from 0.48 to 0.59( lower than 1),it falls into the category of sodium-alkaline series.Chemical and geochemical characteristics indicate that the basaltic magma,to a certain degree of magmatic differentiation and crustal contamination,is of weak evolution,although it is generated from enriched mantle. The Late Pleistocene is mainly of alkaline-olivine basalts while the Holocene is of tephrite. With a continental intraplate origin,Wulanhada basalts were formed in an intraplate setting at the early stage of continental rifting.
引文
白志达,谭庆伟,许桂玲,等.2012.内蒙东部晚第四纪火山活动与新构造[J].岩石学报,28(4):1099-1107.BAI Zhi-da,TAN Qing-wei,XU Gui-ling,et al.2012.Late Quaternary volcanic activity and neotectonic in the eastern Inner Mongolia[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,28(4):1099-1107(in Chinese).
白志达,王剑民,许桂玲,等.2008.内蒙古察哈尔右翼后旗乌兰哈达第四纪火山群[J].岩石学报,24(11):2585-2594.BAI Zhi-da,WANG Jian-min,XU Gui-ling,et al.2008.Quaternary volcano cluster of Wulanhada,Right-backbanner,Chahaer,Inner Mongolia[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,24(11):2585-2594(in Chinese).
白志达,徐德斌,许桂玲,等.2011.中国2007年以来全新世火山地质研究的主要进展[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,30(4):365-374.BAI Zhi-da,XU De-bin,XU Gui-ling,et al.2011.Progresses of Holocene volcanology research in China since 2007[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,30(4):365-374(in Chinese).
陈衍景,鲍景新,张增杰,等.2004.西天山艾肯达坂组火山岩系的元素地球化学特征和构造环境[J].矿物岩石,24(3):36-45.CHEN Yan-jing,BAO Jing-xin,ZHANG Zeng-jie,et al.2004.Tectonic setting and element geochemistry of the Aikendaban Formation volcanic rocks in West Tianshan[J].Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,24(3):36-45(in Chinese).
都城秋穗.1984.岩石学[M].常子文,等译.北京:科学出版社.1-344.Miyashiro Akiho.1984.Petrology[M].Translated by CHANG Zi-wen et al.Science Press,Beijing.1-344(in Chinese).
黄镇国,蔡福祥,韩中元,等.1993.雷琼第四纪火山[M].北京:科学出版社.1-20.HUANG Zhen-guo,CAI Fu-xiang,HAN Zhong-yuan,et al.1993.The Quaternary Volcanicity in the Leiqiong Area[M].Science Press,Beijing.1-20(in Chinese).
马金龙,徐义刚.2004.河北阳原和山西大同新生代玄武岩的岩石地球化学特征:华北克拉通西部深部地质过程初探[J].地球化学,33(1):75-88.MA Jin-long,XU Yi-gang.2004.Petrology and geochemistry of the Cenozoic basalts from Yangyuan of Hebei Province and Datong of Shanxi Province:Implications for the deep process in the western North China Craton[J].Geochimica,33(1):75-88(in Chinese).
汪云亮,张成江,修淑芝.2001.玄武岩类形成的大地构造环境的Th/Hf-Ta/Hf图解判别[J].岩石学报,17(3):413-421.WANG Yun-liang,ZHANG Cheng-jiang,XIU Shu-zhi,2001.Th/Hf-Ta/Hf identification of tectonic setting of basalts[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,17(3):413-421(in Chinese).
徐义刚.1999.拉张环境中的大陆玄武岩浆作用:性质及动力学过程[M].北京:科学出版社.119-167.XU Yi-gang.1999.Basaltic magmatism in continental extensional setting:Nature and dynamic processes[M].Scienc Press,Beijing.119-167(in Chinese).
赵勇伟,樊祺诚.2012.大兴安岭哈拉哈河-绰尔河第四纪火山岩地幔源区与岩浆成因[J].岩石学报,28(4):1119-1129.ZHAO Yong-wei,FAN Qi-cheng.2012.Mantle sources and magma genesis of Quaternary volcanic rocks in the Halah River and Chaoer River area,Great Xing'an Range[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,28(4):1119-1129(in Chinese).
郑永飞.1999.化学地球动力学[M].北京:科学出版社.1-14.ZHENG Yong-fei.1999.Chemical Geodynamics[M].Science Press,Beijing.1-14(in Chinese).
Basu A R,Junwen W,Wankang H,et al.,1991.Major element,REE,and Pb,Nd and Sr isotopic geochemistry o Cenozoic volcanic rocks of eastern China:Implications for their origin from suboceanic-type mantle reservoirs[J]Earth and Planetary Science Letters,15:149-169.
Frey F A,Green D H,Roy S D.1978.Integrated models of basalt petrogenesis:A study of quartz tholeiites to olivin melilitites from south eastern Australia utilizing geochemical and experimental petrological data[J].Journal o Petrology,19(3):463-513.
Hofmann A W.1988.Chemical differentiation of the Earth:The relationship between mantle continental crust and oceanic crust[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,90:297-314.
Le Bas M,Le Maitre R W,Strekeisen A,et al.1986.A chemical classification of volcanic rocks based on the tota alkalisilica diagram[J].Journal of Petrology,27:745-750.
Liu J Q,Han J T,Fyfe W S.2001.Cenozoic episodic volcanism and continental rifting in northeast China and possibl link to Japan Sea development as revealed from K-Ar geochronology[J].Tectonophysics,339:385-401.
McD onald G A,Katsura T.1964.Chemical composition of Hawaiian lavas[J].J Petrology,5:82-133.
Miyashiro A.1973.The Troodos ophiolitic complex was probably formed in an island arc[J].Earth Planet Scienc Letters,19:218-224.
Nakamura N.1974.Determination of REE,Ba,Fe,Mg,Na and K in carbonaceous and ordinary chondrites[J]Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,38:757-775.
Pearce J A.1982.Trace element characteristics of lavas from destructive plate boundaries[M].In:Thorpe R S(ed)Orogenic Andesites and Related Rocks.New York:John Wiley and Sons.525-548.
Pearce J A,Cann J R.1973.Tectonic setting of basic volcanic rocks determined using trace element analysis[J]Earth and Planetary Science Letters,19(2):290-300.
Pearce J A,Norry M J.1979.Petrogenetic implications of Ti,Zr,Y,and Nb variations in volcanic rocks[J]Contributions to Mineralogy&Petrology,69(1):33-47.
Peterson D W,Tilling R I.2000.Lava Flow Hazards[M].In:Sigurdsson H(ed).Encyclopedia of Volcanoes Academic Press,San Diego,USA.957-972.
Sun S S,McD onough.1989.Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts:Implications for mantle composition and processes[J].Geological Society,42:313-345.
Wood D A.1979.A variably veined suboceanic upper mantle:Genetic significance for mid-ocean ridge basalts from geochemical evidence[J].Geology,7:499-503.
Xu Y,Ma J,Frey F A,et al.2005.Role of lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction in the genesis of Quaternary alkal and tholeiitic basalts from Datong,western North China Craton[J].Chemical Geology,224:247-271.
(1)内蒙古自治区地质局区域地质测量队,1970,1︰20万区域地质调查(商都幅)。
白志达,王剑民,许桂玲,等.2008.内蒙古察哈尔右翼后旗乌兰哈达第四纪火山群[J].岩石学报,24(11):2585-2594.BAI Zhi-da,WANG Jian-min,XU Gui-ling,et al.2008.Quaternary volcano cluster of Wulanhada,Right-backbanner,Chahaer,Inner Mongolia[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,24(11):2585-2594(in Chinese).
白志达,徐德斌,许桂玲,等.2011.中国2007年以来全新世火山地质研究的主要进展[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,30(4):365-374.BAI Zhi-da,XU De-bin,XU Gui-ling,et al.2011.Progresses of Holocene volcanology research in China since 2007[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,30(4):365-374(in Chinese).
陈衍景,鲍景新,张增杰,等.2004.西天山艾肯达坂组火山岩系的元素地球化学特征和构造环境[J].矿物岩石,24(3):36-45.CHEN Yan-jing,BAO Jing-xin,ZHANG Zeng-jie,et al.2004.Tectonic setting and element geochemistry of the Aikendaban Formation volcanic rocks in West Tianshan[J].Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,24(3):36-45(in Chinese).
都城秋穗.1984.岩石学[M].常子文,等译.北京:科学出版社.1-344.Miyashiro Akiho.1984.Petrology[M].Translated by CHANG Zi-wen et al.Science Press,Beijing.1-344(in Chinese).
黄镇国,蔡福祥,韩中元,等.1993.雷琼第四纪火山[M].北京:科学出版社.1-20.HUANG Zhen-guo,CAI Fu-xiang,HAN Zhong-yuan,et al.1993.The Quaternary Volcanicity in the Leiqiong Area[M].Science Press,Beijing.1-20(in Chinese).
马金龙,徐义刚.2004.河北阳原和山西大同新生代玄武岩的岩石地球化学特征:华北克拉通西部深部地质过程初探[J].地球化学,33(1):75-88.MA Jin-long,XU Yi-gang.2004.Petrology and geochemistry of the Cenozoic basalts from Yangyuan of Hebei Province and Datong of Shanxi Province:Implications for the deep process in the western North China Craton[J].Geochimica,33(1):75-88(in Chinese).
汪云亮,张成江,修淑芝.2001.玄武岩类形成的大地构造环境的Th/Hf-Ta/Hf图解判别[J].岩石学报,17(3):413-421.WANG Yun-liang,ZHANG Cheng-jiang,XIU Shu-zhi,2001.Th/Hf-Ta/Hf identification of tectonic setting of basalts[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,17(3):413-421(in Chinese).
徐义刚.1999.拉张环境中的大陆玄武岩浆作用:性质及动力学过程[M].北京:科学出版社.119-167.XU Yi-gang.1999.Basaltic magmatism in continental extensional setting:Nature and dynamic processes[M].Scienc Press,Beijing.119-167(in Chinese).
赵勇伟,樊祺诚.2012.大兴安岭哈拉哈河-绰尔河第四纪火山岩地幔源区与岩浆成因[J].岩石学报,28(4):1119-1129.ZHAO Yong-wei,FAN Qi-cheng.2012.Mantle sources and magma genesis of Quaternary volcanic rocks in the Halah River and Chaoer River area,Great Xing'an Range[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,28(4):1119-1129(in Chinese).
郑永飞.1999.化学地球动力学[M].北京:科学出版社.1-14.ZHENG Yong-fei.1999.Chemical Geodynamics[M].Science Press,Beijing.1-14(in Chinese).
Basu A R,Junwen W,Wankang H,et al.,1991.Major element,REE,and Pb,Nd and Sr isotopic geochemistry o Cenozoic volcanic rocks of eastern China:Implications for their origin from suboceanic-type mantle reservoirs[J]Earth and Planetary Science Letters,15:149-169.
Frey F A,Green D H,Roy S D.1978.Integrated models of basalt petrogenesis:A study of quartz tholeiites to olivin melilitites from south eastern Australia utilizing geochemical and experimental petrological data[J].Journal o Petrology,19(3):463-513.
Hofmann A W.1988.Chemical differentiation of the Earth:The relationship between mantle continental crust and oceanic crust[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,90:297-314.
Le Bas M,Le Maitre R W,Strekeisen A,et al.1986.A chemical classification of volcanic rocks based on the tota alkalisilica diagram[J].Journal of Petrology,27:745-750.
Liu J Q,Han J T,Fyfe W S.2001.Cenozoic episodic volcanism and continental rifting in northeast China and possibl link to Japan Sea development as revealed from K-Ar geochronology[J].Tectonophysics,339:385-401.
McD onald G A,Katsura T.1964.Chemical composition of Hawaiian lavas[J].J Petrology,5:82-133.
Miyashiro A.1973.The Troodos ophiolitic complex was probably formed in an island arc[J].Earth Planet Scienc Letters,19:218-224.
Nakamura N.1974.Determination of REE,Ba,Fe,Mg,Na and K in carbonaceous and ordinary chondrites[J]Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,38:757-775.
Pearce J A.1982.Trace element characteristics of lavas from destructive plate boundaries[M].In:Thorpe R S(ed)Orogenic Andesites and Related Rocks.New York:John Wiley and Sons.525-548.
Pearce J A,Cann J R.1973.Tectonic setting of basic volcanic rocks determined using trace element analysis[J]Earth and Planetary Science Letters,19(2):290-300.
Pearce J A,Norry M J.1979.Petrogenetic implications of Ti,Zr,Y,and Nb variations in volcanic rocks[J]Contributions to Mineralogy&Petrology,69(1):33-47.
Peterson D W,Tilling R I.2000.Lava Flow Hazards[M].In:Sigurdsson H(ed).Encyclopedia of Volcanoes Academic Press,San Diego,USA.957-972.
Sun S S,McD onough.1989.Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts:Implications for mantle composition and processes[J].Geological Society,42:313-345.
Wood D A.1979.A variably veined suboceanic upper mantle:Genetic significance for mid-ocean ridge basalts from geochemical evidence[J].Geology,7:499-503.
Xu Y,Ma J,Frey F A,et al.2005.Role of lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction in the genesis of Quaternary alkal and tholeiitic basalts from Datong,western North China Craton[J].Chemical Geology,224:247-271.
(1)内蒙古自治区地质局区域地质测量队,1970,1︰20万区域地质调查(商都幅)。