古代人工烧制石灰的判别方法研究
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摘要
采用X射线衍射和红外光谱分析法对天然石灰石、人工烧制石灰以及采自汉代和明代遗址的古代白灰进行分析,研究人工烧制石灰的判别方法。结果表明,人工煅烧天然石灰石形成的石灰,其碳化产物v_2/v_4值大于天然石灰石;随着研磨程度的增加,人工烧制石灰碳化产物的v_2-v_4趋势线斜率也明显高于天然石灰石,从而可作为判别人工烧制石灰的简便方法。据此,对汉代和明代遗址出土的古代白灰进行分析,此方法对古代人工烧制石灰的判别及石灰制作技术的研究具有重要意义。
Archaeological lime samples from sites in Han dynasty and Ming dynasty, natural limestone and the experimentally man-made lime were investigated by means of X-ray diffractometry and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry(FTIR) to study the way of identifying the ancient man-made lime. The results show that v_2/v_4 ratio of products resulted from carbonation reaction of man-made lime is higher than that of natural limestone; with additional grinding, the trend lines of v_2 versus v_4 for carbonation products of the man-made lime have a steeper slope when compared to natural limestone, which can be recognized as a simple method for identifying the ancient man-made lime. According to these results, archaeological lime samples from sites in Han dynasty and Ming dynasty may be carbonized by man-made lime. Therefore, it has great signifi cance for studyies on the ancient man-made lime and the production technology of lime.
Archaeological lime samples from sites in Han dynasty and Ming dynasty, natural limestone and the experimentally man-made lime were investigated by means of X-ray diffractometry and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry(FTIR) to study the way of identifying the ancient man-made lime. The results show that v_2/v_4 ratio of products resulted from carbonation reaction of man-made lime is higher than that of natural limestone; with additional grinding, the trend lines of v_2 versus v_4 for carbonation products of the man-made lime have a steeper slope when compared to natural limestone, which can be recognized as a simple method for identifying the ancient man-made lime. According to these results, archaeological lime samples from sites in Han dynasty and Ming dynasty may be carbonized by man-made lime. Therefore, it has great signifi cance for studyies on the ancient man-made lime and the production technology of lime.
引文
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[10]Lior Regev,Kristin M.Poduska,Lia Addadi,et al.Distinguishing between cacites formed by different mechanisms using infrared s p e c t r o m e t r y:a r c h a e o l o g i c a l a p p l i c a t i o n s[J].J o u r n a l o f Archaeological Science,2010,37(12):3022-3029.
[11]李广燕,张云升,倪紫威.几处古城墙泥灰类粘结材料的对比试验研究[J].建筑技术,2012,43(5):465-468.
[2]中国科学院考古研究所.梁思永考古论文集[C].北京:科学出版社,1959.
[3]李乃胜.我国新石器时期建筑中的几个重要问题[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2006.100-111.
[4]胡继高.白灰面究竟是用什么做成的[J].文物参考资料,1 9 9 5,(7):1 2 0-1 2 1.
[5]仇士华.人工烧制石灰始于何时[J].考古与文物,1980(3):126.
[6]赵全霞.新石器时代及商代人类住地的白灰面[J].考古通讯,1956(5):57.
[7]李乃胜,何努,汪丽华,等.新石器时期人造石灰的判别方法研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2011,31(3):635-639.
[8]Vikki Chu,Lior Regev,Steve Weiner,et al.Differentiating between anthropogenic calcite in plaster,ash and naural calcacite using infrared spectroscopy[J].Journal of Archaeological Science,2008,35(1):905-911.
[9]Kristin M.Poduska,Lior Regev,Elisabetta Boaretto,et al.Decoupling Local Disorder and Optical Effects in Infrared Spectra:Differentiating Between Calcites with Different Origins[J].Advanced Materials,2011,23(4):550-554.
[10]Lior Regev,Kristin M.Poduska,Lia Addadi,et al.Distinguishing between cacites formed by different mechanisms using infrared s p e c t r o m e t r y:a r c h a e o l o g i c a l a p p l i c a t i o n s[J].J o u r n a l o f Archaeological Science,2010,37(12):3022-3029.
[11]李广燕,张云升,倪紫威.几处古城墙泥灰类粘结材料的对比试验研究[J].建筑技术,2012,43(5):465-468.