川东北元坝地区下侏罗统珍珠冲段扇三角洲沉积相与储层特征
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摘要
通过岩心观察、铸体薄片鉴定、物性分析、现场录井、测井和地震资料,分析川东北元坝地区珍珠冲段的沉积环境和储层特征。元坝地区珍珠冲段为扇三角洲环境,主要发育扇三角洲平原和前缘亚相,受印支期晚幕造山带抬升影响,物缘供给充分,扇三角洲平原在研究区内广泛发育,仅在西南部发育小范围的前缘沉积,前扇三角洲在研究区内不发育。珍珠冲段储层属于低孔低渗致密型,孔渗关系匹配较好,局部受裂缝影响出现在孔隙度不高的情况下渗透率成倍增大的情况。原生粒间孔、粒间和粒内溶孔等有效储集空间类型在珍珠冲段下部的砂砾岩河道微相中十分发育,其中裂缝发育极大地提高了储层的储集性能,所以河道微相展布区、裂缝发育带的叠合区域即为相对优质储层发育区。珍珠冲段沉积作用对储层的影响主要体现在孔隙、裂缝发育两个方面,不仅对储层起到先天性的控制作用,也是后期裂缝发育的物质基础。
Through core observation,casting thin sections identification,physical properties analysis, logging and seismic data,the authors deeply research the sedimentary environment and reservoir characteristics of the Lower Jurassic Zhenzhuchong segment in the Yuanba area,Northeast Sichuan Basin.The Zhenzhuchong segment is a fan delta environment.It can be divided into fan delta plain and fan delta front.Because of the Indosinian orogeny,the orogenic belt lifts,and meanwhile provides abundant sediments,the fan delta plain is distributed widely.The fan delta front only grows in the southwest of the research area.But the former fan delta does not develop in the study area.The reservoir of the Zhenzhuchong segment is low porosity and low permeability.Its correlation of porosity and permeability matches very well.The few situations are high permeability under the low porosity owing to the structural fractures.The protogenetic intergranular pore,intergranular dissolution pore and intragranular dissolved pore develop well in the conglomerate rock of the river microfacies at the bottom of the Zhenzhuchong segment.And the fractures improve the reservoir performance tremendously.So the relative high quality reservoir of the Zhenzhuchong segment is the composite area of river microfacies distribution area and fracture development zone in the Yuanba area.The influence of sedimentation on the reservoir has two aspects including pore and fracture.So the sedimentation not only controls the primitiveness of the reservoir,but also provides the material basis for the fracture development.
Through core observation,casting thin sections identification,physical properties analysis, logging and seismic data,the authors deeply research the sedimentary environment and reservoir characteristics of the Lower Jurassic Zhenzhuchong segment in the Yuanba area,Northeast Sichuan Basin.The Zhenzhuchong segment is a fan delta environment.It can be divided into fan delta plain and fan delta front.Because of the Indosinian orogeny,the orogenic belt lifts,and meanwhile provides abundant sediments,the fan delta plain is distributed widely.The fan delta front only grows in the southwest of the research area.But the former fan delta does not develop in the study area.The reservoir of the Zhenzhuchong segment is low porosity and low permeability.Its correlation of porosity and permeability matches very well.The few situations are high permeability under the low porosity owing to the structural fractures.The protogenetic intergranular pore,intergranular dissolution pore and intragranular dissolved pore develop well in the conglomerate rock of the river microfacies at the bottom of the Zhenzhuchong segment.And the fractures improve the reservoir performance tremendously.So the relative high quality reservoir of the Zhenzhuchong segment is the composite area of river microfacies distribution area and fracture development zone in the Yuanba area.The influence of sedimentation on the reservoir has two aspects including pore and fracture.So the sedimentation not only controls the primitiveness of the reservoir,but also provides the material basis for the fracture development.
引文
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[16]杨帆,贾进华.塔里木盆地乌什凹陷白垩系冲积扇-扇三角洲沉积相及有利储盖组合[J].沉积学报,2006,24(5):681-689.Yang F,Jia J H.Alluvial fan and fan-delta sedimentary facies and favorable assemblage of reservoir and seal of Wushi Sag(Cretaceous)in Tarim Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2006,24(5):681-689.(In Chinese)
[17]钟大康,朱筱敏.Sunda盆地(印尼)古近系Zelda段(扇)三角洲沉积特征[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2007,22(1):1-12.Zhong D K,Zhu X M.Sedimentary characteristics of the(fan)delta of Zelda member(Oligocene)in Sunda Basin,Indonesia[J].Journal of Xian Shiyou University(Natural Science Edition),2007,22(1):1-12.(In Chinese)
[2]张玺华,林良彪,陈洪德,等.扇三角洲沉积储层地震预测方法研究——以川东北元坝地区自流井组珍珠冲段为例[J].天然气地球科学,2013,4(2):423-428.Zhang X H,Lin L B,Chen H D,et al.Fan delta sedimentary reservoir seismic prediction:a case study in the Ziliujing Formation Zhengzhuchong Member in Yuanba area,Northeast Sichuan[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2013,4(2):423-428.(In Chinese)
[3]何鲤.四川盆地上三叠统地震地层划分对比方案[J].石油与天然气地质,1989,10(4):439-446.He L.Seismic-stratigraphic division and correlation project of the Upper Triassic in Sichuan Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,1989,10(4):439-446.(In Chinese)
[4]郑荣才,戴朝成,朱如凯.四川类前陆盆地须家河组层序-岩性古地理特征[J].地质评论,2009,55(4):484-495.Zheng R C,Dai C C,Zhu R K.Sequence-based lithofacies and paleogeographic characteristics of Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in Sichuan Basin[J].Geological Review,2009,55(4):484-495.(In Chinese)
[5]赵霞飞,龚昌明,张闻林,等.川中东北部须家河组与珍珠冲段地层划分[J].沉积学报,2011,29(4):631-643.Zhao X F,Gong C M,Zhang W L,et al.Stratigraphic division between Xujiahe Formation and Zhenzhuchong Member in the NE part of central Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2011,29(4):631-643.(In Chinese)
[6]四川省地质矿产局.四川省区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社,1990:242-245.The Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Sichuan Province.Regional Geology of Sichuan Province[M].Beijing:Geological Press,1990:242-245.(In Chinese)
[7]淡永,林良彪,钟怡江,等.米仓山—大巴山前缘上三叠统须家河组四段砾岩特征及其对物源的指示[J].地质论评,2013,59(1):15-23.Dan Y,Lin L B,Zhong Y J,et al.The conglomerate composition of the Fourth Member of Xujiahe Formation,Upper Triassic,in the front of Micang Daba Mountains,Sichuan,China:implication for provenance analysis[J].Geological Review,2013,59(1):15-23.(In Chinese)
[8]四川人民出版社.四川盆地陆相中生代地层古生物[M].成都:四川人民出版社,1982.Sichuan People’s Press.The Paleontology of Continental Mesozoic Stratum in Sichuan Basin[M].Chengdu:Sichuan People’s Press,1982.(In Chinese)
[9]刘笛笛,杨子荣,杨彦东.四川盆地珍珠冲组植物群特点及侏罗系与三叠界线的厘定[J].地球科学与环境学报,2009,31(3):254-259.Liu M M,Yang Z Y,Yang Y D.Characteristic of the flora in the Zhenzhuchong Formation and the Jurassic-Triassic boundary in the Sichuan Basin[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2009,31(3):254-259.(In Chinese)
[10]翟光明.中国石油地质志(十)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1990:57-68.Qu G M.Petroleum geology of China(10)[M].Beijing:Oil Industry Press,1990:57-68.(In Chinese)
[11]汪泽成,赵文智,张林.四川盆地构造层序与天然气勘探[M].北京:地质出版社,2002:21-31.Wang Z C,Zhao W Z,Zhang L.Structural Sequence and Gas Exploration of Sichuan Basin[M].Beijing:Geological Press,2002:21-31.(In Chinese)
[12]邓康龄.四川盆地形成演化与油气勘探领域[J].天然气工业,1996,12(5):7-13.Deng K L.Exploration and development of Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,1996,12(5):7-13.(In Chinese)
[13]孟元林,高建军,牛嘉玉,等.扇三角洲体系沉积微相对成岩的控制作用——以辽河坳陷西部凹陷南段扇三角洲沉积体系为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(1):36-39.Meng Y L,Gao J J,Niu J Y,et al.Controls of the fan-delta sedimentary microfacies on the diageneses in the south of western Liaohe Depression,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2006,33(1):36-39.(In Chinese)
[14]李盛富,颜启明,王新宇,等.伊犁盆地水西沟群冲积扇-扇三角洲沉积体系研究[J].新疆地质,2006,24(3):297-304.Li F S,Yan Q M,Wang X Y,et al.Research on the depositional system of alluvial fans and fan-deltas of the Shuixigou Group in the South Yili basin,Xinjiang[J].Xinjiang Geology,2006,24(3):297-304.(In Chinese)
[15]古永红,王振宇,谭秀成.国内外扇三角洲研究综述[J].新疆石油地质,2003,24(6):590-593.Gu Y H,Wang Z Y,Tan X C.A review of fan delta studies at home and abroad[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2003,24(6):590-593.(In Chinese)
[16]杨帆,贾进华.塔里木盆地乌什凹陷白垩系冲积扇-扇三角洲沉积相及有利储盖组合[J].沉积学报,2006,24(5):681-689.Yang F,Jia J H.Alluvial fan and fan-delta sedimentary facies and favorable assemblage of reservoir and seal of Wushi Sag(Cretaceous)in Tarim Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2006,24(5):681-689.(In Chinese)
[17]钟大康,朱筱敏.Sunda盆地(印尼)古近系Zelda段(扇)三角洲沉积特征[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2007,22(1):1-12.Zhong D K,Zhu X M.Sedimentary characteristics of the(fan)delta of Zelda member(Oligocene)in Sunda Basin,Indonesia[J].Journal of Xian Shiyou University(Natural Science Edition),2007,22(1):1-12.(In Chinese)