梅州市降水集中度和集中期及其与旱涝关系的研究
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摘要
分析1971—2016年46年来的梅州市7个县区气象台站的逐日降水资料,归纳了梅州市降水集中度和集中期的时空分布特征和变化规律,以期为本地防灾减灾工作提供更加科学的决策依据.结果表明:梅州平均降水集中期为32.76候,但年际变化较大;变异系数的分布上,PCD变异系数自北向南、自东向西逐渐增大,PCP变异系数中部较大,南北部较小;而PCD、PCP均与降水量呈现显著的负相关关系,涝年的PCP值明显比旱年的PCP值小,涝年全市降水集中期在28～35候之间,旱年在34～37候之间.
This paper uses the daily precipitation data of the meteorological stations in 7 counties of Meizhou City in the past 46 years from 1971 to 2016.The temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and variation laws of precipitation concentration and concentration period in Meizhou City are analyzed.In order to provide a more scientific decision-making basis for local disaster prevention and reduction work.The results show:The average precipitation concentration period in Meizhou is 32.76, but the annual variation is relatively large.In the distribution of coefficient of variation, the PCD coefficient of variation increases from north to south and from east to west. The PCP coefficient of variation is larger in the middle and smaller in the north and south.PCD and PCP showed a significant negative correlation with precipitation. The PCP value in the next year was significantly smaller than the PCP value in the dry year. The precipitation concentration period in the whole city was between 28～35 season and the dry year was 34～37 season.
This paper uses the daily precipitation data of the meteorological stations in 7 counties of Meizhou City in the past 46 years from 1971 to 2016.The temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and variation laws of precipitation concentration and concentration period in Meizhou City are analyzed.In order to provide a more scientific decision-making basis for local disaster prevention and reduction work.The results show:The average precipitation concentration period in Meizhou is 32.76, but the annual variation is relatively large.In the distribution of coefficient of variation, the PCD coefficient of variation increases from north to south and from east to west. The PCP coefficient of variation is larger in the middle and smaller in the north and south.PCD and PCP showed a significant negative correlation with precipitation. The PCP value in the next year was significantly smaller than the PCP value in the dry year. The precipitation concentration period in the whole city was between 28～35 season and the dry year was 34～37 season.
引文
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[2]何伟芬,彭端,唐洁,等.肇庆前汛期异常旱涝的大气环流及海温场特征[J].广东气象,2007(3):27-29.
[3]胡娅敏,罗晓玲,陈新光.2009年广东省汛期降水空间分布不均的气候成因[J].广东气象,2010(2):4-7.
[4]管勇,袁锡沛,黄青兰.广东省后汛期多雨和少雨的年际异常特征[J].广东气象,2011(4):20-24.
[5]谢龙生,罗碧瑜,刘宝升.梅州汛期暴雨频次异常与大气环流的关系[J].广东气象,2018(1):28-32.
[6]张录军,钱永甫.长江流域汛期降水集中程度和洪涝关系研究[J].地球物理学报,2004(4):622-630
[7]张文,张天宇,刘剑.东北降水过程年集中度和集中期的变化特征[J].南京气象学院学报,2008(3):403-410.
[8]李远平,杨太保,马建国.淠河流域汛期降水集中度和集中期的变化特征[J].资源科学,2012(3):418-423.
[9]戴廷仁,陆忠艳,李广霞,等.近46年辽宁省降水集中程度研究[J].气候,2007(1):32-37.
[10]魏鹳举.降水集中度与集中期的Excel计算方法研究[J].人民黄河,2017(4):63-66.
[11]孙琦,余明.近30年闽西区域降水分布特征及突变研究[J].福建师范大学学报,2015(3):98-104.
[12]王腾,孙晓光,卓永,等.近36年昌都市降水集中度与集中期时空变化特征[J].高原山地气象研究,2016(4):71-74.
[13]高绍风.广东候降雨量的相关性和降水区划[J].中山大学学报,1988(2):132-134.