福建省沿海村镇发展分异特征与模式识别——以东山县为例
|
摘要
经济开放与快速城镇化对村镇地区产生深远影响,已有研究在宏观尺度上对村镇产业类型和城乡关系展开探讨。基于村域尺度的微观研究,有利于揭示行政村实际特征和要素差异,从而识别村镇发展模式并形成参考意见。以福建省沿海村镇东山县60个行政村为实证研究对象,通过亮点分析法区分亮点村与一般村,选取社会经济与地理指标构建多元回归模型,分析村际发展分异要素及影响程度。结果表明,东山县村际发展差异与地理区位、人口、产业发展、财政制度等要素有关联,其中海岸可达性、距县城距离、外出务工人口、渔业产值、人均财政支出对亮点村有显著性影响。东山县亮点村形成了两类发展模式:一类是城镇化影响下非农产业多元发展的"城镇化带动型";另一类是依托海洋资源,以海洋渔业及其附加产业为主导的"特色产业发展型"。在这两类发展模式下城镇化村和新型渔(农)村正在形成。从微观视角研究东山县村镇发展模式的特征与不足,并探讨福建省在多要素作用下产生的多样化村镇发展模式的共性和差异性。结果可为沿海地区村镇结合自身优势条件因地制宜选择发展措施提供科学依据。
Economic opening and rapid urbanization have caused profound impacts on rural areas. Numerous studies have focused on industrial types and relationship between urban and rural areas in a macro scale. However, micro scale study at village level will identify the actual characteristics of villages and also the heterogeneity of development elements so as to generate village-town models and form reference resolutions. Based on the political background of rural revitalization strategy, we took 60 administrative villages of Dongshan County in Fujian Province as an empirical study case. Bright spot analysis was applied to detect bright spots based on annual per capita income of the 60 villages. Based on social-economic and geographical indexes, a multiple regression model was developed to quantitatively analyze the differences among the selected villages. The results indicate that different economic levels among the villages were related to geographical location, population, industrial development, and financial system. Coast accessibility, distance to the county center, migrant population, fishery production, and per capita fiscal expenditure were significantly correlated to the economic levels of the bright spots. Two types of development models were generated. One type is motivated by urbanization, which has a balanced development of diverse non-agricultural industries including construction, transportation, and commercial service. The other is dominated by characteristic industries which has developed marine fishery and related industrial schemes. Furthermore, urban-oriented village and new type of fishing village were identified. This research demonstrated the characteristics and deficiency of villages and towns in Dongshan County, and further discussed the diversified development models formed by multiple factors in Fujian Province. The results provide micro insights into village-town development models in coastal areas of China and lay scientific foundation and decision-support for rural areas to decide countermeasures and development models according to local advantages.
Economic opening and rapid urbanization have caused profound impacts on rural areas. Numerous studies have focused on industrial types and relationship between urban and rural areas in a macro scale. However, micro scale study at village level will identify the actual characteristics of villages and also the heterogeneity of development elements so as to generate village-town models and form reference resolutions. Based on the political background of rural revitalization strategy, we took 60 administrative villages of Dongshan County in Fujian Province as an empirical study case. Bright spot analysis was applied to detect bright spots based on annual per capita income of the 60 villages. Based on social-economic and geographical indexes, a multiple regression model was developed to quantitatively analyze the differences among the selected villages. The results indicate that different economic levels among the villages were related to geographical location, population, industrial development, and financial system. Coast accessibility, distance to the county center, migrant population, fishery production, and per capita fiscal expenditure were significantly correlated to the economic levels of the bright spots. Two types of development models were generated. One type is motivated by urbanization, which has a balanced development of diverse non-agricultural industries including construction, transportation, and commercial service. The other is dominated by characteristic industries which has developed marine fishery and related industrial schemes. Furthermore, urban-oriented village and new type of fishing village were identified. This research demonstrated the characteristics and deficiency of villages and towns in Dongshan County, and further discussed the diversified development models formed by multiple factors in Fujian Province. The results provide micro insights into village-town development models in coastal areas of China and lay scientific foundation and decision-support for rural areas to decide countermeasures and development models according to local advantages.
引文
[1] Liu Y,Long H,Chen Y,et al.Progress of research on urban-rural transformation and rural development in China in the past decade and future prospects [J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2016,26(8):1 117-1 132.
[2] 秦中春.把握实施乡村振兴战略的重大意义和工作重点 [N].中国经济时报,2017-11-15 (001).
[3] 杨忍,刘彦随,刘玉.新时期中国农村发展动态与区域差异格局 [J].地理科学进展,2011,30(10):1 247-1 254.
[4] Laurence J,Cui G.Economic transition at the local level:diverse forms of town development in China [J].Post-Soviet Geography and Economics,2002,43(2):79-103.
[5] 樊杰,千庆兰.我国东部沿海重点地区经济发展与资源环境相互作用关系的比较研究[J].自然资源学报,2004,19(1):96-105.
[6] 张富刚,刘彦随.中国区域农村发展动力机制及其发展模式 [J].地理学报,2008,63(2):115-122.
[7] Li Y,Long H,Liu Y.Spatio-temporal pattern of China's rural development:a rurality index perspective [J].Journal of Rural Studies,2015,38(38):12-26.
[8] 屠爽爽,龙花楼,李婷婷,等.中国村镇建设和农村发展的机理与模式研究 [J].经济地理,2015,35(12):141-147.
[9] 任国平,刘黎明,孙锦,等.基于“胞-链-形”分析的都市郊区村域空间发展模式识别与划分 [J].地理学报,2017,72(12):2 147-2 165.
[10] 张敏,顾朝林.农村城市化:“苏南模式”与“珠江模式”比较研究 [J].经济地理,2002,22 (4):482-486.
[11] 冯健,叶竹.基于个体生命历程视角的苏南城镇化路径转变与市民化进程 [J].地理科学进展,2017,36(2):137-150.
[12] Rozelle S,Boisvert R N.Control in a dynamic village economy:the reforms and unbalanced development in China's rural economy [J].Journal of Development Economics,1995,46(2):233-252.
[13] 蔡运龙,陆大道,周一星,等.地理科学的中国进展与国际趋势 [J].地理学报,2004,59(6):803-810.
[14] Woods M.Engaging the global countryside:globalization,hybridity and the reconstitutionofrural place [J].Progress in Human Geography,2007,31(4):485-507.
[15] Duenckmann F.The village in the mind:applying Q-methodology to re-constructing constructions of rurality [J].Journal of Rural Studies,2010,26(3):284-295.
[16] 陈文盛,范水生,邱生荣,等.福建省乡村发展水平及主导类型划定 [J].地域研究与开发,2016,35(5):143-148.
[17] 李红波,张小林.乡村性研究综述与展望 [J].人文地理,2015,24(1):16-20.
[18] 龙花楼,刘彦随,张小林,等.农业地理与乡村发展研究新近进展 [J].地理学报,2014,69(8):1 145-1 158.
[19] 李裕瑞,刘彦随,龙花楼.黄淮海地区乡村发展格局与类型 [J].地理研究,2011,30(9):1 637-1 647.
[20] 周华,王炳君.江苏省乡村性及乡村转型发展耦合关系研究 [J].中国人口·资源与环境,2013,23(9):48-55.
[21] 孙贵艳,王传胜,肖磊,等.黄土高原地区宁夏西吉县乡村聚落空间变化及其影响因素 [J].中国科学院大学学报,2015,32(5):612-619.
[22] 李小建,周雄飞,郑纯辉.河南农区经济发展差异地理影响的小尺度分析 [J].地理学报,2008,63(2):147-155.
[23] 何仁伟.山区聚落农户可持续生计发展水平及空间差异分析:以四川省凉山州为例 [J].中国科学院研究生院学报,2014,31(2):221-230.
[24] 东山县人民政府.2017年东山县人民政府工作报告 [R/OL](2017-01-04)[2017-09-14].http://www.dongshandao.gov.cn/info/egovinfo/1027/zw- content/00391596-x-02_D/2017-0320001.htm.
[25] Pascale R T,Sternin J.Your company's secret change agents [J].Harvard Business Review,2005,83(5):72-81.
[26] Ahrari M,Houser R F,Yassin S.A positive deviance-based antenatal nutrition project improves birth-weight in Upper Egypt[J].Journal of Health Population & Nutrition,2006,24(4):498-507.
[27] Noble A,Bossio D A,Vries F,et al.Intensifying agricultural sustainability:an analysis of impacts and drivers in the development of bright spots[R].Colombo:International Water Management Institute,2006.
[28] Levinson F J,Barney J,Bassett L,et al.Utilization of positive deviance analysis in evaluating community-based nutrition programs:an application to the Dular program in Bihar,India [J].Food & Nutrition Bulletin,2007,28(3):259-265.
[29] Cinner JE,Huchery C,Macneil MA,et al.Bright spots among the world’s coral reefs [J].Nature,2016,535 (7 612):416-419.
[30] Noble A,Mehmoodul H,Kazbekov J.Bright spots in Uzbekistan,reversing land and water degradation while improving livelihoods:key developments and sustaining ingredients for transition economies of the former Soviet Union [R].Colombo:International Water Management Institute,2005.
[31] Mcgill R,Tukey J W,Larsen W A.Variations of box plots [J].American Statistician,1978,32(1):12-16.
[32] Hubert,Vanderviere.An adjusted box-plot for skewed distributions[J].Computational Statistics and Data Analysis,2008,52 (12):5 186-5 201.
[33] Jaccard J,Turrisi R,Wan C.Interaction effects in multiple regression[J].Newbury Park California Sage Publications,1990,40(4):461-473.
[34] Alexander W.LISREL approaches to interaction effects in multiple regression [J].Technometrics,1996,40(3):259-260.
[35] Toothaker L E.Multiple regression:testing and interpreting interactions[J].Evaluation Practice,1994,45(1):119-120.
[36] Senter H F.Applied linear statistical models[J].Publications of the American Statistical Association,2012,103(482):880-887.
[37] 龙茂乾,项冉,张践祚.梯度城镇化的村庄解析:以福建上杭为例 [J].地理科学,2016,36(10):1 531-1 538.
[38] Yu Z,Xiao L,Chen X,et al.Spatial restructuring and land consolidation of urban-rural settlement in mountainous areas based on ecological niche perspective[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2018,28(2):131-151.
[39] 杨伟.县域经济视角下的泉州市县域电商发展现状及策略探讨 [J].电子商务,2016,18 (6):22-24.
[40] 林明太,孙虎,郭斌.福建旅游型海岛景观格局变化:以妈祖圣地湄洲岛为例 [J].生态学杂志,2010,29(7):1 414-1 419.
[2] 秦中春.把握实施乡村振兴战略的重大意义和工作重点 [N].中国经济时报,2017-11-15 (001).
[3] 杨忍,刘彦随,刘玉.新时期中国农村发展动态与区域差异格局 [J].地理科学进展,2011,30(10):1 247-1 254.
[4] Laurence J,Cui G.Economic transition at the local level:diverse forms of town development in China [J].Post-Soviet Geography and Economics,2002,43(2):79-103.
[5] 樊杰,千庆兰.我国东部沿海重点地区经济发展与资源环境相互作用关系的比较研究[J].自然资源学报,2004,19(1):96-105.
[6] 张富刚,刘彦随.中国区域农村发展动力机制及其发展模式 [J].地理学报,2008,63(2):115-122.
[7] Li Y,Long H,Liu Y.Spatio-temporal pattern of China's rural development:a rurality index perspective [J].Journal of Rural Studies,2015,38(38):12-26.
[8] 屠爽爽,龙花楼,李婷婷,等.中国村镇建设和农村发展的机理与模式研究 [J].经济地理,2015,35(12):141-147.
[9] 任国平,刘黎明,孙锦,等.基于“胞-链-形”分析的都市郊区村域空间发展模式识别与划分 [J].地理学报,2017,72(12):2 147-2 165.
[10] 张敏,顾朝林.农村城市化:“苏南模式”与“珠江模式”比较研究 [J].经济地理,2002,22 (4):482-486.
[11] 冯健,叶竹.基于个体生命历程视角的苏南城镇化路径转变与市民化进程 [J].地理科学进展,2017,36(2):137-150.
[12] Rozelle S,Boisvert R N.Control in a dynamic village economy:the reforms and unbalanced development in China's rural economy [J].Journal of Development Economics,1995,46(2):233-252.
[13] 蔡运龙,陆大道,周一星,等.地理科学的中国进展与国际趋势 [J].地理学报,2004,59(6):803-810.
[14] Woods M.Engaging the global countryside:globalization,hybridity and the reconstitutionofrural place [J].Progress in Human Geography,2007,31(4):485-507.
[15] Duenckmann F.The village in the mind:applying Q-methodology to re-constructing constructions of rurality [J].Journal of Rural Studies,2010,26(3):284-295.
[16] 陈文盛,范水生,邱生荣,等.福建省乡村发展水平及主导类型划定 [J].地域研究与开发,2016,35(5):143-148.
[17] 李红波,张小林.乡村性研究综述与展望 [J].人文地理,2015,24(1):16-20.
[18] 龙花楼,刘彦随,张小林,等.农业地理与乡村发展研究新近进展 [J].地理学报,2014,69(8):1 145-1 158.
[19] 李裕瑞,刘彦随,龙花楼.黄淮海地区乡村发展格局与类型 [J].地理研究,2011,30(9):1 637-1 647.
[20] 周华,王炳君.江苏省乡村性及乡村转型发展耦合关系研究 [J].中国人口·资源与环境,2013,23(9):48-55.
[21] 孙贵艳,王传胜,肖磊,等.黄土高原地区宁夏西吉县乡村聚落空间变化及其影响因素 [J].中国科学院大学学报,2015,32(5):612-619.
[22] 李小建,周雄飞,郑纯辉.河南农区经济发展差异地理影响的小尺度分析 [J].地理学报,2008,63(2):147-155.
[23] 何仁伟.山区聚落农户可持续生计发展水平及空间差异分析:以四川省凉山州为例 [J].中国科学院研究生院学报,2014,31(2):221-230.
[24] 东山县人民政府.2017年东山县人民政府工作报告 [R/OL](2017-01-04)[2017-09-14].http://www.dongshandao.gov.cn/info/egovinfo/1027/zw- content/00391596-x-02_D/2017-0320001.htm.
[25] Pascale R T,Sternin J.Your company's secret change agents [J].Harvard Business Review,2005,83(5):72-81.
[26] Ahrari M,Houser R F,Yassin S.A positive deviance-based antenatal nutrition project improves birth-weight in Upper Egypt[J].Journal of Health Population & Nutrition,2006,24(4):498-507.
[27] Noble A,Bossio D A,Vries F,et al.Intensifying agricultural sustainability:an analysis of impacts and drivers in the development of bright spots[R].Colombo:International Water Management Institute,2006.
[28] Levinson F J,Barney J,Bassett L,et al.Utilization of positive deviance analysis in evaluating community-based nutrition programs:an application to the Dular program in Bihar,India [J].Food & Nutrition Bulletin,2007,28(3):259-265.
[29] Cinner JE,Huchery C,Macneil MA,et al.Bright spots among the world’s coral reefs [J].Nature,2016,535 (7 612):416-419.
[30] Noble A,Mehmoodul H,Kazbekov J.Bright spots in Uzbekistan,reversing land and water degradation while improving livelihoods:key developments and sustaining ingredients for transition economies of the former Soviet Union [R].Colombo:International Water Management Institute,2005.
[31] Mcgill R,Tukey J W,Larsen W A.Variations of box plots [J].American Statistician,1978,32(1):12-16.
[32] Hubert,Vanderviere.An adjusted box-plot for skewed distributions[J].Computational Statistics and Data Analysis,2008,52 (12):5 186-5 201.
[33] Jaccard J,Turrisi R,Wan C.Interaction effects in multiple regression[J].Newbury Park California Sage Publications,1990,40(4):461-473.
[34] Alexander W.LISREL approaches to interaction effects in multiple regression [J].Technometrics,1996,40(3):259-260.
[35] Toothaker L E.Multiple regression:testing and interpreting interactions[J].Evaluation Practice,1994,45(1):119-120.
[36] Senter H F.Applied linear statistical models[J].Publications of the American Statistical Association,2012,103(482):880-887.
[37] 龙茂乾,项冉,张践祚.梯度城镇化的村庄解析:以福建上杭为例 [J].地理科学,2016,36(10):1 531-1 538.
[38] Yu Z,Xiao L,Chen X,et al.Spatial restructuring and land consolidation of urban-rural settlement in mountainous areas based on ecological niche perspective[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2018,28(2):131-151.
[39] 杨伟.县域经济视角下的泉州市县域电商发展现状及策略探讨 [J].电子商务,2016,18 (6):22-24.
[40] 林明太,孙虎,郭斌.福建旅游型海岛景观格局变化:以妈祖圣地湄洲岛为例 [J].生态学杂志,2010,29(7):1 414-1 419.