三轴向冲击载荷作用下RDX基PBX炸药损伤模式与表征
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摘要
导弹战斗部在攻击地下目标高速侵彻过程时常因损伤而发生提前起爆,极大削弱了对攻击目标的毁伤作用,甚至影响整个战略局势,针对这一急迫需要解决的问题,进而对导弹战斗部中的RDX基PBX炸药在高g值加载方式下的损伤特性进行研究。基于一级轻气炮对PBX炸药试件在三轴向冲击加载方式下的损伤特性进行了一系列的实验研究,结合数值模拟、Griffith晶体颗粒细观裂纹断裂强度和扫描电子显微镜(SEM),对PBX炸药试件损伤模式进行研究和表征,并探索实验后的试件密度与冲击载荷之间的量化关系。结果表明,晶体颗粒表面与黏结剂之间的剪切强度约为0.6 Mpa,因此,在较小冲击载荷作用下就已发生剪切脱黏现象,随着三轴向冲击载荷压力的增大,逐渐出现晶体颗粒孪晶带,颗粒破碎和融化细观损伤模式;实验后的试件密度与冲击载荷压力之间修正的玻尔兹曼关系与实验结果基本相符;Griffith晶体颗粒细观裂纹断裂强度预测结果与SEM测试分析结果基本吻合,可为该PBX炸药细观损伤机理研究提供重要依据。
Missile warheads with a high speed often explode ahead of time due to damage when attacking and penetrating underground targets to greatly weaken their damage to targets and even affect the whole strategic situation. Here, aiming at this problem to be solved urgently, damage characteristics of RDX-based PBX explosive in missile warheads were studied under high G-value loading. Based on the first-stage light gas cannon, a series of tests were conducted to study damage characteristics of PBX explosive specimens under tri-axial impact loading. Combining with numerical simulation, Griffith crystal particles' micro-crack fracture strength and the scanning electronic microscope(SEM), the damage mode of PBX explosive specimens was studied and characterized. The quantitative relationship between specimens' density after tests and impact loading was also explored. The results showed that the shear strength between crystal particle surface and binder is about 0.6 Mpa, so shear de-bonding phenomena occur under smaller impact loads; with increase in three-axial impact load pressure, crystal particle twin zone, particle fragmentation and melted meso-damage mode gradually appear; the modified Boltzmann relationship between specimens' density after tests and impact load pressure is basically consistent to test results; the prediction results of Griffith crystal particles' micro-crack fracture strength agree well with the measurement and analysis results of SEM, they provide an important basis for studying the meso-damage mechanism of PBX explosive.
Missile warheads with a high speed often explode ahead of time due to damage when attacking and penetrating underground targets to greatly weaken their damage to targets and even affect the whole strategic situation. Here, aiming at this problem to be solved urgently, damage characteristics of RDX-based PBX explosive in missile warheads were studied under high G-value loading. Based on the first-stage light gas cannon, a series of tests were conducted to study damage characteristics of PBX explosive specimens under tri-axial impact loading. Combining with numerical simulation, Griffith crystal particles' micro-crack fracture strength and the scanning electronic microscope(SEM), the damage mode of PBX explosive specimens was studied and characterized. The quantitative relationship between specimens' density after tests and impact loading was also explored. The results showed that the shear strength between crystal particle surface and binder is about 0.6 Mpa, so shear de-bonding phenomena occur under smaller impact loads; with increase in three-axial impact load pressure, crystal particle twin zone, particle fragmentation and melted meso-damage mode gradually appear; the modified Boltzmann relationship between specimens' density after tests and impact load pressure is basically consistent to test results; the prediction results of Griffith crystal particles' micro-crack fracture strength agree well with the measurement and analysis results of SEM, they provide an important basis for studying the meso-damage mechanism of PBX explosive.
引文
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[9] 陈鹏万. 高聚物黏结炸药的力学行为及变形破坏机理[J]. 含能材料,2000,8(4): 161-164. CHEN Pengwan. Mechanical behaviour and deformation and failure mechanisms of polymer bonded explosives[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Material, 2000,8(4): 161-164.
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[11] ELLIS K, LEPPARID C, RADESK H. Mechanical properties and damage evaluation of a UK PBX[J]. Journal of Materials Science,2005,40(23):6241-6248.
[12] NICHOLSON D W. On the detachment of a rigid inclusion from an elastic matrix[J]. Journal of Adhesion,1979,10(3): 255-260.
[13] 陈鹏万. 含能材料损伤理论及应用[M]. 北京: 北京理工大学出版社, 2006:100-150.
[2] BORONSKI D, KOTYK M, MACKOWIAK P, et al. Mechanical properties of explosively welded AA2519-AA1050-Ti6Al4V layered material at ambient and cryogenic conditions[J]. Materials & Design, 2017,133(5): 390-403.
[3] HUSSEIN A K, ELBEIH A, ZEMAN S. Thermal decomposition kinetics and explosive properties of a mixture basedoncis-1,3,4,6-tetranitrooctahydroimidazo-[4,5-d]imidazole and 3-nitro-1,2, 4-triazol-5-one (BCHMX/NTO)[J]. Thermochimica Acta, 2017,655(9): 292-301.
[4] ABID M, HOU X M, ZHENG W Z, et al. High temperature and residual properties of reactive powder concrete—A review[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2017,147(8): 339-351.
[5] BAKER W A, UNTAROIU C D, CRAWFORD D M, et al. Mechanical characterization and finite element implementation of the soft materials used in a novel anthropometric test device for simulating underbody blast loading[J]. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 2017,74(10): 358-364.
[6] WU Yanqing, HUANG Fenglei. A micromechanical model for predicting combined damage of particles and interface debonding in PBX explosives[J]. Mechanics of Materials, 2009,41(1): 27-47.
[7] LI Junling, FU Hua, TAN Duowang, et al. Fracture behaviour investigation into a polymer-bonded explosive[J]. Strain,2012,48(6): 463-473.
[8] 李俊玲,傅华,谭多望,等. PBX炸药的拉伸断裂损伤分析[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2011,31(6): 624-628. LI Junling, FU Hua, TAN Duowang, et al. Fracture damage analysis of PBX[J].Explosion and Shock Waves, 2011,31(6): 624-628.
[9] 陈鹏万. 高聚物黏结炸药的力学行为及变形破坏机理[J]. 含能材料,2000,8(4): 161-164. CHEN Pengwan. Mechanical behaviour and deformation and failure mechanisms of polymer bonded explosives[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Material, 2000,8(4): 161-164.
[10] GOULD P L, PORTER D, CULLIS I G. Predicting the Damage/Failure Transition in Polymer-Bonded Explosives[C]//2009 9th International Conference on the Mechanical and Physical Behaviour of Materials under Dynamic Loading. Brussels:DYMAT, 2009.
[11] ELLIS K, LEPPARID C, RADESK H. Mechanical properties and damage evaluation of a UK PBX[J]. Journal of Materials Science,2005,40(23):6241-6248.
[12] NICHOLSON D W. On the detachment of a rigid inclusion from an elastic matrix[J]. Journal of Adhesion,1979,10(3): 255-260.
[13] 陈鹏万. 含能材料损伤理论及应用[M]. 北京: 北京理工大学出版社, 2006:100-150.
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