基于袋鼠纠缠跳跃模型的量子状态自适应跳变通信策略
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摘要
自由空间中的量子通信会不同程度上受到雾霾、沙尘等自然环境的干扰.为了研究提升此类干扰下量子通信的性能,本文分析了背景干扰下单量子态信道随时间演化的性能变化,并根据袋鼠纠缠跳跃模型(KEHM),提出了基于KEHM的量子状态自适应跳变通信策略,对其性能参数进行仿真.仿真结果表明,采取量子状态跳变,在背景量子噪声的平均功率与量子信号平均功率的比值为5的情况下,量子误比特率随着量子态跳频率从1增大到15,由0.4524降低到0.1116;当单量子态传输成功率0.95,量子比特率大于200 qubit/s时,不同态跳频率下量子比特的成功传输概率均大于0.97.当发送端信号源平均量子数足够大且接收端接收效率趋近于1时,量子态的通过率也趋近于1;采取量子态跳自适应控制策略,能够进一步降低系统的误码率.
Quantum communication in free space will be disturbed by natural environment such as fog and dust.However, to build a global quantum satellite wide area communication network, we must solve the problem of24-h all-weather communication between satellite and earth. With the evolution of time, the degree of interference becomes deeper. In order to improve the performance of quantum communication under such an interference, in this paper we analyze the change of single quantum state channel over time under the background interference, and propose an quantum state-hopping communication strategy based on the kangaroo entanglement hopping model(KEHM), and simulate the performance and parameters of the strategy.Kangaroos are social animals. When they are frightened, they will jump synchronously in the same way with the same step length, height and frequency. According to this model, we make the two communicating parties realize synchronous quantum state jump according to the prearranged pattern. The simulations show that when the ratio between the average power of background quantum noise and the average power of quantum signal is5, the quantum bit error rate decreases from 0.4524 to 0.1116 with the quantum state hopping frequency increasing from 1 to 15. When the single quantum state transmission success rate is 0.95 and the quantum bit rate is greater than 200 qubit/s, the probabilities of successful transmission of quantum bits at different state hopping frequencies are greater than 0.97. When the quantum reception efficiency of the receiver is 0.8, the quantum state pass rate increases from 0.3667 to 0.9986 with the average quantum number of the source increasing from 1 to 10. When the average quantum number of the source is 6, the passing rate of quantum state increases from 0.6262 to 0.9855 with the quantum receiving efficiency of the receiver increasing from 0.2 to0.99. However, if the average quantum number of the transmitter is large enough and the receiving efficiency of the receiver is close to 1, the passing rate of the quantum state is also close to 1. The adaptive control strategy of quantum state hopping is based on real-time quantum channel state detection. Its core idea is to remove the quantum states which are seriously disturbed from the quantum state hopping set, and to realize the synchronous hopping of communication parties on the quantum states with low interference. Adopting the strategy of quantum state hopping adaptive control can further reduce the quantum bit error rate of the system. The error rate gain of adaptive control system increases with the increase of the success probability of processing the disturbed quantum state. When the probability of processing the disturbed quantum state is0.95, the system error rate gain can reach 1.301. The performance of quantum state hopping system is improved obviously. To sum up, the adaptive quantum state-hopping communication strategy based on the kangaroo entanglement hopping model proposed in this paper greatly enhances the comprehensive immunity of the system and ensures the security of quantum information network, and provides an important reference for the healthy development of wide-area quantum satellite communication network in the future.
Quantum communication in free space will be disturbed by natural environment such as fog and dust.However, to build a global quantum satellite wide area communication network, we must solve the problem of24-h all-weather communication between satellite and earth. With the evolution of time, the degree of interference becomes deeper. In order to improve the performance of quantum communication under such an interference, in this paper we analyze the change of single quantum state channel over time under the background interference, and propose an quantum state-hopping communication strategy based on the kangaroo entanglement hopping model(KEHM), and simulate the performance and parameters of the strategy.Kangaroos are social animals. When they are frightened, they will jump synchronously in the same way with the same step length, height and frequency. According to this model, we make the two communicating parties realize synchronous quantum state jump according to the prearranged pattern. The simulations show that when the ratio between the average power of background quantum noise and the average power of quantum signal is5, the quantum bit error rate decreases from 0.4524 to 0.1116 with the quantum state hopping frequency increasing from 1 to 15. When the single quantum state transmission success rate is 0.95 and the quantum bit rate is greater than 200 qubit/s, the probabilities of successful transmission of quantum bits at different state hopping frequencies are greater than 0.97. When the quantum reception efficiency of the receiver is 0.8, the quantum state pass rate increases from 0.3667 to 0.9986 with the average quantum number of the source increasing from 1 to 10. When the average quantum number of the source is 6, the passing rate of quantum state increases from 0.6262 to 0.9855 with the quantum receiving efficiency of the receiver increasing from 0.2 to0.99. However, if the average quantum number of the transmitter is large enough and the receiving efficiency of the receiver is close to 1, the passing rate of the quantum state is also close to 1. The adaptive control strategy of quantum state hopping is based on real-time quantum channel state detection. Its core idea is to remove the quantum states which are seriously disturbed from the quantum state hopping set, and to realize the synchronous hopping of communication parties on the quantum states with low interference. Adopting the strategy of quantum state hopping adaptive control can further reduce the quantum bit error rate of the system. The error rate gain of adaptive control system increases with the increase of the success probability of processing the disturbed quantum state. When the probability of processing the disturbed quantum state is0.95, the system error rate gain can reach 1.301. The performance of quantum state hopping system is improved obviously. To sum up, the adaptive quantum state-hopping communication strategy based on the kangaroo entanglement hopping model proposed in this paper greatly enhances the comprehensive immunity of the system and ensures the security of quantum information network, and provides an important reference for the healthy development of wide-area quantum satellite communication network in the future.
引文
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[2]Alessandro F,Rupert U,Thomas H,Matteo N,Robert P,Thomas S,Felix T,Thomas J,Anton Z 2009 Nat.Phys.5389
[3]Ma X S,Thomas H,Thomas S,Wang D Q,Sebastian K,William Nr,Bernhard W,Alexandra M,Johannes K,Elena A,Vadim M,Thomas J,Rupert U,Anton Z 2012 Nature 489269
[4]Wang J Y,Yang B,Liao S K,Zhang L,Shen Q,Hu X F,Wu J C,Yang S J,Jiang H,Tang Y L,Zhong B,Liang H,Liu WY,Hu Y H,Huang Y M,Qi B,Ren J G,Pan G S,Yin J,Jia J J,Chen Y A,Chen K,Peng C Z,Pan J W 2013 Nat.Photonics 7 387
[5]Wang X L,Cai X D,Su Z E 2015 Nature 518 516
[6]Davide E B,Timothy C,Ralph,Ivette F,Thomas J,Mohsen R 2014 Phys.Rev.D 90 045041
[7]Liao S K,Yong H L,Liu C,Shentu G L,Li D D,Lin J,Dai H,Zhao S Q,Li B,Guan J Y,Chen W,Gong Y H,Li Y,Lin Z H,Pan G S,Pelc S J,Fejer M M,Zhang W Z,Liu W Y,Yin J,Ren J G,Wang X B,Zhang Q,Peng C Z,Pan J W2017 Nat.Photonics 11 509
[8]Nie M,Shang P G,Yang G,Zhang M L,Pei C X 2014 Acta Phys.Sin.63 240303(in Chinese)[聂敏,尚鹏钢,杨光,张美玲,裴昌幸2014物理学报63 240303]
[9]Nie M,Ren J,Yang G,Zhang M L,Pei C X 2015 Acta Phys.Sin.64 150301(in Chinese)[聂敏,任杰,杨光,张美玲,裴昌幸2015物理学报64 150301]
[10]Ivan C,Andrea T,Alberto D,Francesca G,Ruper U,Giuseppe V,Paolo V 2012 Phys.Rev.Lett.109 200502
[11]Nie M,Chang L,Yang G,Zhang M L,Pei C X 2017 Acta Photon.Sin.46 0701002(in Chinese)[聂敏,常乐,杨光,张美玲,裴昌幸2017光子学报46 0701002]
[12]Nie M,Ren J M,Yang G,Zhang M L,Pei C X 2016 Acta Photon.Sin.45 0927004(in Chinese)[聂敏,任家明,杨光,张美玲,裴昌幸2016光子学报45 0927004]
[13]Nie M,Tang S R,Yang G,Zhang M L,Pei C X 2017 Acta Phys.Sin.66 070302(in Chinese)[聂敏,唐守荣,杨光,张美玲,裴昌幸2017物理学报66 070302]
[14]Nie M,Tang S R,Yang G,Zhang M L,Pei C X 2017 Acta Photon.Sin.46 1206002(in Chinese)[聂敏,唐守荣,杨光,张美玲,裴昌幸2017光子学报46 1206002]
[15]Nie M,Ren J M,Yang G,Zhang M L,Pei C X 2016 Acta Phys.Sin.65 190301(in Chinese)[聂敏,任家明,杨光,张美玲,裴昌幸2016物理学报65 190301]
[16]Nie M,Shi L,Yang G,Pei C X 2017 J.Communs.382017092(in Chinese)[聂敏,石力,杨光,裴昌幸2017通信学报38 2017092]
[17]Zhang Y D 2010 Quantum Mechanics(Beijing:Science Press)p343(in Chinese)[张永德2010量子力学(北京:科学出版社)第343页]
[18]Zhang Y D 2010 Advanced Quantum Mechanics(Beijing:Science Press)p24(in Chinese)[张永德2010高等量子力学(北京:科学出版社)第24页]
[19]Marco L(translated bu Zhou W X,Wu M Y,Hu M C,Jin L)2013 Quantum Radar(Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry)pp15-17(in Chinese)[马科L著(周万幸,吴鸣亚,胡明春,金林译)2013量子雷达(北京:电子工业出版社)第15-17页]
[20]Yin H,Han Y 2013 Quantum Communication Principle and Technology(Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry)p100(in Chinese)[尹浩,韩阳2013量子通信原理与技术(北京:电子工业出版社)第100页]