心肌缺血再灌注损伤防治的研究现状及展望
摘要
尽管急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术(primary percutaneous coronary intervention, PPCI)治疗可以及早恢复心肌的灌注,但急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者(ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, STEMI)接受PPCI治疗后,1年内仍有9%病死率及和10%的心力衰竭发病率。之所以出现这样的结果,主要是忽于心肌再灌注损伤的防治。目前,有许多防治心肌再灌注损伤的治疗手段,大多数都是通过减少心肌梗死面积而起效的,但这一系列的研究均为小样本临床研究,缺乏大规模临床研究证据。本综述就临床上心肌缺血再灌注损伤的防治研究现状和进展进行总结分析。
引文
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[11] Limalanathan S, Andersen G?, Kl?w NE, et al. Effect of Ischemic Postconditioning on Infarct Size in Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Treated by Primary PCI Results of the POSTEMI (POstconditioning in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction) Randomized Trial[J]. J Am Heart Assoc, 2014, 3(2):e000679.
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[13] Kanazawa H, Tseliou E, Dawkins JF, et al. Durable Benefits of Cellular Postconditioning: Long‐Term Effects of Allogeneic Cardiosphere‐Derived Cells Infused After Reperfusion in Pigs with Acute Myocardial Infarction[J]. J Am Heart Assoc, 2016, 5(2):e002796.
[14] H?fsten DE, Kelb?k H, Helqvist S, et al. The Third DANish Study of Optimal Acute Treatment of Patients with ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Ischemic postconditioning or deferred stent implantation versus conventional primary angioplasty and complete revascularization versus treatment[J]. Am Heart J, 2015, 169(5):613-621.
[15] Woskov P, Michael P. Millimeter-Wave Heating, Radiometry, and Calorimetry of Granite Rock to Vaporization[J]. Int J Infrared Millimeter Waves,2012, 33(1):82-95.
[16] Kitakaze M, Asakura M, Kim J, et al. Human atrial natriuretic peptide and nicorandil as adjuncts to reperfusion treatment for acute myocardial infarction (J-WIND): two randomised trials[J]. Lancet,2007,370(9597):1483-1493.
[17] Song K, Wang S, Qi D. Effects of Cyclosporine on Reperfusion Injury in Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials[J]. Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2015, 2015(3):287058.
[18] Piot C, Croisille P, Staat P, et al. Effect of cyclosporine on reperfusion injury in acute myocardial infarction[J]. N Engl J Med,2008,359(5):473-481.
[19] Cung TT, Morel O, Cayla G, et al. Cyclosporine before PCI in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction[J]. N Engl J Med, 2015, 373(11):1021-1031.
[20] Cariou B. Harnessing the incretin system beyond glucose control: Potential cardiovascular benefits of GLP-1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes[J]. Diabetes Metab, 2012, 38(4):298-308.
[21] van Hout GPJ, Jansen Of Lorkeers SJ, Wever KE, et al. Anti-inflammatory compounds to reduce infarct size in large-animal models of myocardial infarction: A meta-analysis[J]. Evidence-based Preclinical Medicine, 2014, 1(1):4-10.
[22] L?nborg J, Kelb?k H, Vejlstrup N, et al. Exenatide reduces final infarct size in patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction and short-duration of ischemia[J]. Circ Cardiovasc Interv, 2012, 5(2):288-295.
[23] Woo JS, Kim W, Sang JH, et al. Cardioprotective effects of exenatide in patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention results of exenatide myocardial protection in revascularization study[J]. Am J Cardiol, 2013, 33(9):2252-2260.
[24] Ibanez B, Cimmino G, Prat-González S, et al. The cardioprotection granted by metoprolol is restricted to its administration prior to coronary reperfusion[J]. Int J Cardiol, 2011, 147(3):428-432.
[25] Ibanez B, Macaya C, Sánchezbrunete V, et al. Effect of early metoprolol on infarct size in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary PCI: The METOCARD-CNIC trial[J]. Circulation, 2013, 130(3):19-20.
[26] Pizarro G, Fernándezfriera L, Fuster V, et al. Long-term benefit of early pre-reperfusion metoprolol administration in patients with acute myocardial infarction: results from the METOCARD-CNIC trial (Effect of Metoprolol in Cardioprotection During an Acute Myocardial Infarction)[J]. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2014, 63(22):2356.
[27] Alburquerque-Béjar JJ, Barba I, Inserte J, et al. Combination therapy with remote ischemic conditioning and insulin or exenatide enhances infarct size limitation in pigs[J]. Cardiovasc Res, 2015, 107(2):246-254.
[28] Prunier F, Angoulvant D, Etienne CS, et al. The RIPOST-MI study, assessing remote ischemic perconditioning alone or in combination with local ischemic postconditioning in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction[J]. Basic Res Cardiol, 2014, 109(2):400.
[2] Hausenloy DJ, Yellon DM. Targeting Myocardial Reperfusion Injury——The Search Continues[J]. N Engl J Med, 2015, 373(11):1073-1075.
[3] Heusch G, Libby P, Gersh B, et al. Cardiovascular remodelling in coronary artery disease and heart failure[J]. Lancet, 2014, 383(9932):1933-1943.
[4] Sciagrà R, Cipollini F, Berti V, et al. Detection of infarct size safety threshold for left ventricular ejection fraction impairment in acute myocardial infarction successfully treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention[J]. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging, 2013, 40(4):542-547.
[5] Waha SD, Eitel I, Desch S, et al. Thrombus aspiration in ThrOmbus containing culpRiT lesions in Non-ST-Elevation myocardial infarction (TATORT-NSTEMI): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial[J]. Trials, 2013, 14(1):1-10.
[6] Hausenloy DJ. Cardioprotection techniques: preconditioning, postconditioning and remote conditioning (basic science)[J]. Curr Pharm Des, 2013, 19(25):4544-4563.
[7] Heusch G. Molecular basis of cardioprotection signal transduction in ischemic pre-, post-, and remote conditioning[J]. Circ Res, 2015, 116(4):674.
[8] Hausenloy DJ, B?tker HE, Condorelli G, et al. Translating cardioprotection for patient benefit: position paper from the Working Group of Cellular Biology of the Heart of the European Society of Cardiology[J]. Cardiovasc Res, 2013, 98(1):7-27.
[9] Lecour S, B?tker HE, Condorelli G, et al. ESC Working Group Cellular Biology of the Heart: Position Paper: improving the preclinical assessment of novel cardioprotective therapies[J]. Cardiovasc Res, 2014, 104(3):399-411.
[10] Staat P, Rioufol G, Piot C, et al. Postconditioning the Human Heart[J]. Circulation, 2005, 112(14):2143-21438.
[11] Limalanathan S, Andersen G?, Kl?w NE, et al. Effect of Ischemic Postconditioning on Infarct Size in Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Treated by Primary PCI Results of the POSTEMI (POstconditioning in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction) Randomized Trial[J]. J Am Heart Assoc, 2014, 3(2):e000679.
[12] Hahn JY, Song YB, Kim EK, et al. Ischemic postconditioning during primary percutaneous coronary intervention: the POST Randomized Trial[J]. Circulation, 2014, 130(6):e54-55.
[13] Kanazawa H, Tseliou E, Dawkins JF, et al. Durable Benefits of Cellular Postconditioning: Long‐Term Effects of Allogeneic Cardiosphere‐Derived Cells Infused After Reperfusion in Pigs with Acute Myocardial Infarction[J]. J Am Heart Assoc, 2016, 5(2):e002796.
[14] H?fsten DE, Kelb?k H, Helqvist S, et al. The Third DANish Study of Optimal Acute Treatment of Patients with ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Ischemic postconditioning or deferred stent implantation versus conventional primary angioplasty and complete revascularization versus treatment[J]. Am Heart J, 2015, 169(5):613-621.
[15] Woskov P, Michael P. Millimeter-Wave Heating, Radiometry, and Calorimetry of Granite Rock to Vaporization[J]. Int J Infrared Millimeter Waves,2012, 33(1):82-95.
[16] Kitakaze M, Asakura M, Kim J, et al. Human atrial natriuretic peptide and nicorandil as adjuncts to reperfusion treatment for acute myocardial infarction (J-WIND): two randomised trials[J]. Lancet,2007,370(9597):1483-1493.
[17] Song K, Wang S, Qi D. Effects of Cyclosporine on Reperfusion Injury in Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials[J]. Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2015, 2015(3):287058.
[18] Piot C, Croisille P, Staat P, et al. Effect of cyclosporine on reperfusion injury in acute myocardial infarction[J]. N Engl J Med,2008,359(5):473-481.
[19] Cung TT, Morel O, Cayla G, et al. Cyclosporine before PCI in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction[J]. N Engl J Med, 2015, 373(11):1021-1031.
[20] Cariou B. Harnessing the incretin system beyond glucose control: Potential cardiovascular benefits of GLP-1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes[J]. Diabetes Metab, 2012, 38(4):298-308.
[21] van Hout GPJ, Jansen Of Lorkeers SJ, Wever KE, et al. Anti-inflammatory compounds to reduce infarct size in large-animal models of myocardial infarction: A meta-analysis[J]. Evidence-based Preclinical Medicine, 2014, 1(1):4-10.
[22] L?nborg J, Kelb?k H, Vejlstrup N, et al. Exenatide reduces final infarct size in patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction and short-duration of ischemia[J]. Circ Cardiovasc Interv, 2012, 5(2):288-295.
[23] Woo JS, Kim W, Sang JH, et al. Cardioprotective effects of exenatide in patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention results of exenatide myocardial protection in revascularization study[J]. Am J Cardiol, 2013, 33(9):2252-2260.
[24] Ibanez B, Cimmino G, Prat-González S, et al. The cardioprotection granted by metoprolol is restricted to its administration prior to coronary reperfusion[J]. Int J Cardiol, 2011, 147(3):428-432.
[25] Ibanez B, Macaya C, Sánchezbrunete V, et al. Effect of early metoprolol on infarct size in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary PCI: The METOCARD-CNIC trial[J]. Circulation, 2013, 130(3):19-20.
[26] Pizarro G, Fernándezfriera L, Fuster V, et al. Long-term benefit of early pre-reperfusion metoprolol administration in patients with acute myocardial infarction: results from the METOCARD-CNIC trial (Effect of Metoprolol in Cardioprotection During an Acute Myocardial Infarction)[J]. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2014, 63(22):2356.
[27] Alburquerque-Béjar JJ, Barba I, Inserte J, et al. Combination therapy with remote ischemic conditioning and insulin or exenatide enhances infarct size limitation in pigs[J]. Cardiovasc Res, 2015, 107(2):246-254.
[28] Prunier F, Angoulvant D, Etienne CS, et al. The RIPOST-MI study, assessing remote ischemic perconditioning alone or in combination with local ischemic postconditioning in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction[J]. Basic Res Cardiol, 2014, 109(2):400.