同位素吸水剖面测井资料采集影响因素分析
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摘要
在长期注水开发过程中,长庆油田区域地层低渗透层与大孔道地层共存,吸水剖面测井资料有效采集及解释困难,难以确定分层吸水量。从注水井井筒压力系统出发,分析水流过程中各阶段的压力损失及吸水层位的渗流特点,确定影响测井采集的敏感参数;从注水量调节和大孔道地层特点两方面对吸水剖面测井资料采集影响进行分析,选取合适粒径同位素。结果发现,注水层压差大,同位素迅速进层,造成测量失真;注水层压差小,同位素难以进入地层,造成井筒污染,使得采集到的资料与实际注水情况不符,油田水驱效果降低。合理的注水层压差可将同位素带入到储层位置,减小对储层的破坏,是成功测井与储层保护的关键。该分析能够提高吸水剖面测井解释成果的准确程度,揭示层间层内矛盾,评价水驱效果,为低渗透油田开发后期有效治理提供措施依据。
During the process of the long-term water injection development, there was a phenomenon of coexisting of regional low-permeability reservoirs and large-pore reservoirs in Changqing Oilfield, which made it difficult to measure and interpret the water injection profile logging data. As a result, it was difficult to determine the amount of water absorbed by each sublayer. Based on the wellbore pressure system of the injection well, the pressure loss at each stage of the water flow process and the seepage characteristics of the water absorption layer were analyzed to determine the sensitive parameters affecting the logging acquisition. In addition, the influence of water injection volume adjustment and large pore formation characteristics on water injection profile logging data acquisition was analyzed and the appropriate size of isotopes was determined. The results show that when the pressure difference of water injection layer was large, the isotope would enter the layer quickly, which would cause the distortion of measurement; when the pressure difference of water injection layer was small, the isotope was difficult to enter the formation, and it would cause wellbore pollution, which made the collected data inconsistent with the actual water injection situation and lowered the effect of water injection. Therefore, the key to successful logging and reservoir protection was to bring isotopes into the reservoir position and reduce the damage to the reservoir by reasonable pressure difference of water injection formation. This analysis can improve the accuracy of log interpretation results of water injection profile, reveal intra-layer contradictions, evaluate water injection effect, and provide measures for effective treatment of low permeability oilfields in the later stage of development.
During the process of the long-term water injection development, there was a phenomenon of coexisting of regional low-permeability reservoirs and large-pore reservoirs in Changqing Oilfield, which made it difficult to measure and interpret the water injection profile logging data. As a result, it was difficult to determine the amount of water absorbed by each sublayer. Based on the wellbore pressure system of the injection well, the pressure loss at each stage of the water flow process and the seepage characteristics of the water absorption layer were analyzed to determine the sensitive parameters affecting the logging acquisition. In addition, the influence of water injection volume adjustment and large pore formation characteristics on water injection profile logging data acquisition was analyzed and the appropriate size of isotopes was determined. The results show that when the pressure difference of water injection layer was large, the isotope would enter the layer quickly, which would cause the distortion of measurement; when the pressure difference of water injection layer was small, the isotope was difficult to enter the formation, and it would cause wellbore pollution, which made the collected data inconsistent with the actual water injection situation and lowered the effect of water injection. Therefore, the key to successful logging and reservoir protection was to bring isotopes into the reservoir position and reduce the damage to the reservoir by reasonable pressure difference of water injection formation. This analysis can improve the accuracy of log interpretation results of water injection profile, reveal intra-layer contradictions, evaluate water injection effect, and provide measures for effective treatment of low permeability oilfields in the later stage of development.
引文
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[12] 郑小敏,刘东明,李震.基于测井资料的Y油田B9断块剩余油分布规律分析[J].测井技术,2017,41(1):92-97.ZHENG Xiaomin,LIU Dongming,LI Zhen.Remaining oil distribution law analysis of block B9 in oilfield Changqing based on log information [J].Well Logging Technology,2017,41(1):92-97.
[13] 李宁,郑小敏,刘东明,等.井震结合综合评价低渗透裂缝油藏水驱效果[J].测井技术,2017,41(6):718-722.LI Ning,ZHENG Xiaomin,LIU Dongming,et al.Well seismic comprehensive assessment water injection effect for X well group [J].Well Logging Technology,2017,41(6):718-722.
[14] 张芳,王新海.低渗透油藏水驱开发效果综合评价方法[J].重庆科技学院学报(自然科学版),2012,14(5):34-36.ZHANG Fang,WANG Xinhai.Comprehensive estimate method of water flooding effect in low-permeability reservoir [J].Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Technology (Natural Science Edition),2012,14(5):34-36
[15] 张利军,郑伟,王帅,等.厚层强非均质油藏部分射开试井曲线特征及影响因素[J].油气井测试,2018,27(4):1-6.ZHANG Lijun,ZHENG Wei,WANG Shuai,et al.Characteristics of well testing curves and influencing factors for thick and strong heterogeneous reservoirs with partial perforation [J].Well Testing,2018,27(4):1-6.
[16] 王惠.注入剖面测井资料在油田生产中的应用[J].长江大学学报(自然科学版),2014,11(14):33-36.WANG Hui.Application of injection profile logging data in oilfield production [J].Journal of Yangtze University (Natural Science Edition),2014,11(14):33-36.
[17] 郝英芝,蒋凯军,郭权.利用生产资料分析水平井流动阶段[J].油气井测试,2017,26(4):30-32.HAO Yingzhi,JIANG Kaijun,GUO Quan.Using production data to analyze flow stage of horizontal well [J].Well Testing,2017,26(4):30-32.
[18] 张利军,刘新光,梁斌.精细试井解释识别储层非均质性特征[J].油气井测试,2017,26(1):27-29.ZHANG Lijun,LIU Xinguang,LIANG Bin.Detailed well testing interpretation to discern heterogeneous characterization of reservoir [J].Well Testing,2017,26(1):27-29.
[2] 戴家才,郭海敏,彭燕明,等.注水剖面测井确定分层吸水指数方法研究[J].测井技术,2006,30(4):354-356.DAI Jiacai,GUO Haimin,PENG Yanming,et al.On method for determining injectivity index of each zone by water injection profile logging [J].Well Logging Technology,2006,30(4):354-356.
[3] 张小龙,杨志兴.启动压力梯度对低渗气藏不稳定渗流特征的影响[J].油气井测试,2018,27(3):7-13.ZHANG Xiaolong,YANG Zhixing.Impacts of start-up pressure gradient on features of transient seepage flow in low-permeability gas reservoirs [J].Well Testing,2018,27(3):7-13.
[4] 夏竹君,赵军霞,张丽萍,等.注水井吸水剖面测井技术在长庆油田的应用[J].国外测井技术,2005,20(1):28-31.XIA Zhujun,ZHAO Junxia,ZHANG Liping,et al.Application of water injection profile logging technology in Changqing Oilfield [J].World Well Logging Technology,2005,20(1):28-31.
[5] 徐海霞,陈小凯,吕孝明,等.动态监测技术在超深油藏调剖调驱中的应用[J].油气井测试,2017,26(6):37-40.XU Haixia,CHEN Xiaokai,LYU Xiaoming,et al.Application of dynamic monitoring technology in the deep profile control process of extra-deep heavy oil reservoir [J].Well Testing,2017,26(6):37-40.
[6] 李桂军,刘慧,闪俊梅,等.五参数吸水剖面测井资料解释方法分析与研究[J].石油仪器,2006,20(4):57-59.LI Guijun,LIU Hui,SHAN Junmei,et al.Analysis and research on interpretation method of logging data in five-parameter water absorption profile [J].Petroleum Instruments,2006,20(4):57-59.
[7] 缪立南,邸士莹.利用测试资料评价压裂措施效果[J].油气井测试,2017,26(4):33-35.MIAO Linan,DI Shiying.Using the data of test to evaluate fracturing effect measures [J].Well Testing,2017,26(4):33-35.
[8] 侯连华,王京红,信荃麟,等.吸水剖面测井资料在油田开发中的应用[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),1997,21(2):18-24HOU Lianhua,WANG Jinghong,XIN Quanlin,et al.Application of water injection profile data to oilfield development [J].Journal of The University of Petroleum,China (Edition of Natural Science),1997,21(2):18-24.
[9] 于洪文.注采剖面测井资料在油田开发中的应用[J].测井技术,1994,18(4):265-269.YU Hongwen.Application of injection production profile data to the oilfield development [J].Well Logging Technology,1994,18(4):265-269.
[10] 孙玉环,周玉莲.注水剖面多参数测井资料的应用分析[J].测井技术,2002,26(5):414-416.SUN Yuhuan,ZHOU Yulian.Application and analysis of injection profile multi-parameter log data [J].Well Logging Technology,2002,26(5):414-416.
[11] 董晓芳.基于数值试井的聚驱前缘与大通道识别应用案例分析[J].油气井测试,2018,27(3):66-71.DONG Xiaofang.Case study for identification of polymer flooding front and large channel based on numerical well testing[J].Well Testing,2018,27(3):66-71.
[12] 郑小敏,刘东明,李震.基于测井资料的Y油田B9断块剩余油分布规律分析[J].测井技术,2017,41(1):92-97.ZHENG Xiaomin,LIU Dongming,LI Zhen.Remaining oil distribution law analysis of block B9 in oilfield Changqing based on log information [J].Well Logging Technology,2017,41(1):92-97.
[13] 李宁,郑小敏,刘东明,等.井震结合综合评价低渗透裂缝油藏水驱效果[J].测井技术,2017,41(6):718-722.LI Ning,ZHENG Xiaomin,LIU Dongming,et al.Well seismic comprehensive assessment water injection effect for X well group [J].Well Logging Technology,2017,41(6):718-722.
[14] 张芳,王新海.低渗透油藏水驱开发效果综合评价方法[J].重庆科技学院学报(自然科学版),2012,14(5):34-36.ZHANG Fang,WANG Xinhai.Comprehensive estimate method of water flooding effect in low-permeability reservoir [J].Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Technology (Natural Science Edition),2012,14(5):34-36
[15] 张利军,郑伟,王帅,等.厚层强非均质油藏部分射开试井曲线特征及影响因素[J].油气井测试,2018,27(4):1-6.ZHANG Lijun,ZHENG Wei,WANG Shuai,et al.Characteristics of well testing curves and influencing factors for thick and strong heterogeneous reservoirs with partial perforation [J].Well Testing,2018,27(4):1-6.
[16] 王惠.注入剖面测井资料在油田生产中的应用[J].长江大学学报(自然科学版),2014,11(14):33-36.WANG Hui.Application of injection profile logging data in oilfield production [J].Journal of Yangtze University (Natural Science Edition),2014,11(14):33-36.
[17] 郝英芝,蒋凯军,郭权.利用生产资料分析水平井流动阶段[J].油气井测试,2017,26(4):30-32.HAO Yingzhi,JIANG Kaijun,GUO Quan.Using production data to analyze flow stage of horizontal well [J].Well Testing,2017,26(4):30-32.
[18] 张利军,刘新光,梁斌.精细试井解释识别储层非均质性特征[J].油气井测试,2017,26(1):27-29.ZHANG Lijun,LIU Xinguang,LIANG Bin.Detailed well testing interpretation to discern heterogeneous characterization of reservoir [J].Well Testing,2017,26(1):27-29.