蓝莓采后病害病原菌分离鉴定及其拮抗菌筛选
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摘要
从西南林业大学大棚蓝莓种植基地内采集样本,并从采后腐烂果实中分离出8株真菌,成功鉴定出2株为青霉菌(Penicillium digitatum)和枝孢菌(Cladosporium tenuiussimum).从健康蓝莓果实、叶片和根际土壤中共分离到17株细菌,根据16S rRNA序列同源性,分别归入9个细菌属.通过检测其对蓝莓果腐病病原真菌的抑制活性,筛选出达到显著差异的拮抗细菌5株,其中3株为芽孢杆菌,2株为短芽孢杆菌;5株拮抗细菌对P.digitatum的抑菌率为67.6%～90.6%,其中3株拮抗细菌对C.tenuiussimum的抑菌率达90.7%～92.6%.菌株BS-3对P.digitatum和C.tenuiussimum的抑菌效果均在90%以上,有潜在生防利用价值.
Eight fungal strains isolated from rotten blueberry harvested in the greenhouse in Southwest Forestry University were characterized and identified as Penicillium digitatum and Cladosporium tenuiussimum. Meanwhile, another 17 bacterial strains were isolated from healthy fruit, leaf and rhizosphere soil of blueberry and they were identified belonging to 8 genera based on 16 S rRNA sequence homology analysis. Among them, 5 strains were found to have antagonistic effect on P.digitatum, with an efficacy of 67.6%-90.6%, and 3 strains had significantly higher antagonistic effect on C.tenuiussimum, with an efficacy of 90.7%-92.6%. These strains were identified as genus Bacillus. Among them, strain BS-3 showed high antagonism against both P.digitatum and C.tenuiussimum, with control efficacy being above 90%, which was very likely to be used as a biocontrol agent against post-harvest disease of blueberry.
Eight fungal strains isolated from rotten blueberry harvested in the greenhouse in Southwest Forestry University were characterized and identified as Penicillium digitatum and Cladosporium tenuiussimum. Meanwhile, another 17 bacterial strains were isolated from healthy fruit, leaf and rhizosphere soil of blueberry and they were identified belonging to 8 genera based on 16 S rRNA sequence homology analysis. Among them, 5 strains were found to have antagonistic effect on P.digitatum, with an efficacy of 67.6%-90.6%, and 3 strains had significantly higher antagonistic effect on C.tenuiussimum, with an efficacy of 90.7%-92.6%. These strains were identified as genus Bacillus. Among them, strain BS-3 showed high antagonism against both P.digitatum and C.tenuiussimum, with control efficacy being above 90%, which was very likely to be used as a biocontrol agent against post-harvest disease of blueberry.
引文
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[11] KURNIAWAN O, WILSON K, MOHAMED R, et al. Bacillus and Pseudomonas spp. provide antifungal activity against gray mold and Alternaria rot on blueberry fruit[J]. Biological Control, 2018,126:136-141.
[12] 魏景超.真菌鉴定手册[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1979.
[13] 张红利,刘会,蒋芳.接种菌悬液培养方式对纺织品抗菌试验的影响[J].棉纺织技术,2011(1):30-31.
[14] TAN Z Y, XU X D, WANG E T, et al. Phylogenetic and genetic relationships of Mesorhizobium tianshanense and related rhizobia[J]. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 1997,47(3):874-879.
[15] WANG Y, LIU H, LIU K, et al. Complete genome sequence of Bacillus paralicheniformis MDJK30, a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium with antifungal activity[J]. Genome Announcements, 2017,5(25):e00577-17.
[2] 刘永国,蔡琦玮,王友升.蓝莓果实的品质劣变及其控制技术[J].食品科技,2013,38(8):76-79.
[3] 周笑犁,王瑞,雷霁卿,等.蓝莓采后病原真菌分离及其生物学鉴定[J].食品科技,2015,40(9):283-288.
[4] 王凯晨,乔勇进,唐坚,等.蓝莓采后衰老机理与综合保鲜技术[J].农产品加工,2015(2):38-41.
[5] JANISIEWICZ W J, KORSTEN L. Biological control of postharvest diseases of fruits[J]. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 2002,40(1):853-857.
[6] MARI M, GUIZZARDI M. The postharvest phase: emerging technologies for the control of fungal diseases[J]. Phytoparasitica, 1998,26(1):59-66.
[7] HUANG L, LI Q C, HOU Y, et al. Bacillus velezensisstrain HYEB5-6 as a potential biocontrol agent against anthracnose on Euonymus japonicus[J]. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 2017,27(5):636-653.
[8] JUNG W J, MABOOD F, SOULEIMANOV A, et al. Antibacterial activity of antagonistic bacterium Bacillus subtilis DJM-51 against phytopathogenic Clavibacter michiganense subsp. michiganense ATCC 7429 in vitro[J]. Microbial Pathogenesis, 2014,77:13-16.
[9] ZHAO Y, ODHIAMBO B O, QIU J, et al. Potential of natamycin in enhancing the antagonistic activity of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BGP20 against post-harvest bacterial soft rot of green pepper[J]. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 2016,26(3):402-413.
[10] 孙淑琴,杨秀荣,田涛,等.黄瓜白粉病拮抗细菌Bs-18的筛选与鉴定[J].山东农业科学,2015,47(2):58-60.
[11] KURNIAWAN O, WILSON K, MOHAMED R, et al. Bacillus and Pseudomonas spp. provide antifungal activity against gray mold and Alternaria rot on blueberry fruit[J]. Biological Control, 2018,126:136-141.
[12] 魏景超.真菌鉴定手册[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1979.
[13] 张红利,刘会,蒋芳.接种菌悬液培养方式对纺织品抗菌试验的影响[J].棉纺织技术,2011(1):30-31.
[14] TAN Z Y, XU X D, WANG E T, et al. Phylogenetic and genetic relationships of Mesorhizobium tianshanense and related rhizobia[J]. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 1997,47(3):874-879.
[15] WANG Y, LIU H, LIU K, et al. Complete genome sequence of Bacillus paralicheniformis MDJK30, a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium with antifungal activity[J]. Genome Announcements, 2017,5(25):e00577-17.