Experimental Investigation on Ejector Performance Using R134a as Refrigerant
|
摘要
Ejector refrigeration has the advantage of low capital cost, simple design, reliable operation, long lifespan and almost no maintenance. The only weakness is the low efficiency and its intolerance to deviations from design operation condition. R134 a used in ejector refrigeration system gives better performance in comparison with many other environmental friendly refrigerants as the generation temperature is from 75°C to 80°C. The present work experimentally investigated the on-design and off-design performance of the ejector with fixed geometry using R134 a as refrigerant, and cycle performance of the ejector refrigeration system. The experimental prototype was constructed and the effects of primary flow inlet pressure, secondary flow inlet pressure and ejector back pressure on ejector performance and cycle performance were investigated respectively. The operation conditions are: primary flow inlet pressure from 2.2 MPa to 3.25 MPa, secondary flow inlet pressure from 0.36 MPa to 0.51 MPa, ejector back pressure from 0.45 MPa to 0.67 MPa. Conclusions were drawn from the experimental results, and the experimental data can be used for validation of theoretical model for both critical and subcritical mode.
Ejector refrigeration has the advantage of low capital cost, simple design, reliable operation, long lifespan and almost no maintenance. The only weakness is the low efficiency and its intolerance to deviations from design operation condition. R134 a used in ejector refrigeration system gives better performance in comparison with many other environmental friendly refrigerants as the generation temperature is from 75°C to 80°C. The present work experimentally investigated the on-design and off-design performance of the ejector with fixed geometry using R134 a as refrigerant, and cycle performance of the ejector refrigeration system. The experimental prototype was constructed and the effects of primary flow inlet pressure, secondary flow inlet pressure and ejector back pressure on ejector performance and cycle performance were investigated respectively. The operation conditions are: primary flow inlet pressure from 2.2 MPa to 3.25 MPa, secondary flow inlet pressure from 0.36 MPa to 0.51 MPa, ejector back pressure from 0.45 MPa to 0.67 MPa. Conclusions were drawn from the experimental results, and the experimental data can be used for validation of theoretical model for both critical and subcritical mode.
Ejector refrigeration has the advantage of low capital cost, simple design, reliable operation, long lifespan and almost no maintenance. The only weakness is the low efficiency and its intolerance to deviations from design operation condition. R134 a used in ejector refrigeration system gives better performance in comparison with many other environmental friendly refrigerants as the generation temperature is from 75°C to 80°C. The present work experimentally investigated the on-design and off-design performance of the ejector with fixed geometry using R134 a as refrigerant, and cycle performance of the ejector refrigeration system. The experimental prototype was constructed and the effects of primary flow inlet pressure, secondary flow inlet pressure and ejector back pressure on ejector performance and cycle performance were investigated respectively. The operation conditions are: primary flow inlet pressure from 2.2 MPa to 3.25 MPa, secondary flow inlet pressure from 0.36 MPa to 0.51 MPa, ejector back pressure from 0.45 MPa to 0.67 MPa. Conclusions were drawn from the experimental results, and the experimental data can be used for validation of theoretical model for both critical and subcritical mode.
引文
[1]Chen X.,Omer S.,Worall M.,et al.,Recent developments in ejector refrigeration technologies.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2013,19:629-651.
[2]Sun D.,Eames I.,Recent developments in the design theories and applications of ejectors-a review.Journal of the Institute of Energy,1995,68(475):65-79.
[3]Chunnanond K.,Aphornratana S.,Ejectors:applications in refrigeration technology.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2004,8(2):129-155.
[4]Riffat S.,Jiang L.,Gan G.,Recent development in ejector technology:a review.International Journal of Ambient Energy,2005,26(1):13-26.
[5]Chen J.,Havtun H.,Palm B.,Screening of working fluids for the ejector refrigeration system.International Journal of Refrigeration,2014,47:1-14.
[6]Dorantes R.,Lallemand A.,Prediction of performance of a jet cooling system operating with pure refrigerants or non-azeotropic mixtures.International Journal of Refrigeration,1995,18(1):21-30.
[7]Tashtoush B.,Alshare A.,Al-Rifai S.,Performance study of ejector cooling cycle at critical mode under superheated primary flow.Energy Conversion and Management,2015,94:300-310.
[8]Cizungu K.,Mani A.,Groll M.,Performance comparison of vapour jet refrigeration system with environment friendly working fluids.Applied Thermal Engineering,2001,21(5):585-598.
[9]Zhang Y.,Zhao W.,Tian Q.,et al.,Investigation on performance of ejector and optimal refrigerants for solar ejector refrigeration system.Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2007,28(2):130-136.(in Chinese)
[10]Zheng A.,Potential energy driving jet refrigerant.Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering.2008,59(S2):246-250.(in Chinese)
[11]Selvaraju A.,Mani A.,Analysis of a vapour ejector refrigeration system with environment friendly refrigerants.International Journal of Thermal Sciences,2004,43(9):915-921.
[12]Selvaraju A.,Mani A.,Analysis of an ejector with environment friendly refrigerants.Applied Thermal Engineering,2004,24(5):827-838.
[13]Yan J.,Cai W.,Li Y.,Geometry parameters effect for air-cooled ejector cooling systems with R134a refrigerant.Renewable Energy,2012,46:155-163.
[14]Yan J.,Cai W.,Area ratio effects to the performance of air-cooled ejector refrigeration cycle with R134a refrigerant.Energy Conversion and Management,2012,53(1):240-246.
[15]Selvaraju A.,Mani A.,Experimental investigation on R134a vapour ejector refrigeration system.International Journal of Refrigeration,2006,29(7):1160-1166.
[16]Khalil A.,Fatouh M.,Elgendy E.,Ejector design and theoretical study of R134a ejector refrigeration cycle.International Journal of Refrigeration,2011,34(7):1684-1698.
[17]García del Valle J.,Saíz Jabardo J.,Castro Ruiz F.,et al.,An experimental investigation of a R-134a ejector refrigeration system.International Journal of Refrigeration,2014,46:105-113.
[18]Zegenhagen M.,Ziegler F.,Experimental investigation of the characteristics of a jet-ejector and a jet-ejector cooling system operating with R134a as a refrigerant.International Journal of Refrigeration,2015,56:173-185.
[19]Zegenhagen M.,Ziegler F.,A one-dimensional model of a jet-ejector in critical double choking operation with R134a as a refrigerant including real gas effects.International Journal of Refrigeration,2015,55:72-84.
[20]Yan J.,Lin C.,Cai W.,et al.,Experimental study on key geometric parameters of an R134A ejector cooling system.International Journal of Refrigeration,2016,67:102-108.
[21]Wang L.,Cai W.,Zhao H.,et al.,Experimentation and cycle performance prediction of hybrid A/C system using automobile exhaust waste heat.Applied Thermal Engineering.2016,94:314-323.
[22]Chen Z.,Jin X.,Dang C.,et al.,Ejector performance analysis under overall operating conditions considering adjustable nozzle structure.International Journal of Refrigeration,2017,84:274-286.
[23]Wang L.,Wang C.,Hou W.,et al.,Experimental investigation on ejector performance near critical back pressure.International Journal of Refrigeration,2017,80:158-168.
[24]Yan J.,Chen G.,Liu C.,et al.,Experimental investigations on a R134a ejector applied in a refrigeration system.Applied Thermal Engineering.2017,110:1061-1065.
[25]Tan Y.,Chen Y.,Wang L.,Thermodynamic analysis of a mixed refrigerant ejector refrigeration cycle operating with two vapor-liquid separators.Journal of Thermal Science,2018,27(3):230-240.
[26]Gosney W.,Principle of refrigeration,fourth ed.,Cambridge University Press,London,1982.
[27]Sokolov E.,Zinger H.,Ejector,first ed.,Science Press,Beijing,1977.(in Chinese)
[28]ASHRAE,Steam-jet refrigeration equipment,Equipment Handbook,ASHRAE,Atlanta,1979.
[29]Moffat R.,Describing the uncertainties in experimental results.Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science,1988,1(1):3-17.
[30]Huang B.,Chang J.,Wang C.,et al.,A 1-D analysis of ejector performance.International Journal of Refrigeration.1999,22(5):354-364.
[31]Munday J.,Bagster D.,A new ejector theory applied to steam jet refrigeration.Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Process Design and Development.1977,16(4):442-449.
[2]Sun D.,Eames I.,Recent developments in the design theories and applications of ejectors-a review.Journal of the Institute of Energy,1995,68(475):65-79.
[3]Chunnanond K.,Aphornratana S.,Ejectors:applications in refrigeration technology.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2004,8(2):129-155.
[4]Riffat S.,Jiang L.,Gan G.,Recent development in ejector technology:a review.International Journal of Ambient Energy,2005,26(1):13-26.
[5]Chen J.,Havtun H.,Palm B.,Screening of working fluids for the ejector refrigeration system.International Journal of Refrigeration,2014,47:1-14.
[6]Dorantes R.,Lallemand A.,Prediction of performance of a jet cooling system operating with pure refrigerants or non-azeotropic mixtures.International Journal of Refrigeration,1995,18(1):21-30.
[7]Tashtoush B.,Alshare A.,Al-Rifai S.,Performance study of ejector cooling cycle at critical mode under superheated primary flow.Energy Conversion and Management,2015,94:300-310.
[8]Cizungu K.,Mani A.,Groll M.,Performance comparison of vapour jet refrigeration system with environment friendly working fluids.Applied Thermal Engineering,2001,21(5):585-598.
[9]Zhang Y.,Zhao W.,Tian Q.,et al.,Investigation on performance of ejector and optimal refrigerants for solar ejector refrigeration system.Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2007,28(2):130-136.(in Chinese)
[10]Zheng A.,Potential energy driving jet refrigerant.Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering.2008,59(S2):246-250.(in Chinese)
[11]Selvaraju A.,Mani A.,Analysis of a vapour ejector refrigeration system with environment friendly refrigerants.International Journal of Thermal Sciences,2004,43(9):915-921.
[12]Selvaraju A.,Mani A.,Analysis of an ejector with environment friendly refrigerants.Applied Thermal Engineering,2004,24(5):827-838.
[13]Yan J.,Cai W.,Li Y.,Geometry parameters effect for air-cooled ejector cooling systems with R134a refrigerant.Renewable Energy,2012,46:155-163.
[14]Yan J.,Cai W.,Area ratio effects to the performance of air-cooled ejector refrigeration cycle with R134a refrigerant.Energy Conversion and Management,2012,53(1):240-246.
[15]Selvaraju A.,Mani A.,Experimental investigation on R134a vapour ejector refrigeration system.International Journal of Refrigeration,2006,29(7):1160-1166.
[16]Khalil A.,Fatouh M.,Elgendy E.,Ejector design and theoretical study of R134a ejector refrigeration cycle.International Journal of Refrigeration,2011,34(7):1684-1698.
[17]García del Valle J.,Saíz Jabardo J.,Castro Ruiz F.,et al.,An experimental investigation of a R-134a ejector refrigeration system.International Journal of Refrigeration,2014,46:105-113.
[18]Zegenhagen M.,Ziegler F.,Experimental investigation of the characteristics of a jet-ejector and a jet-ejector cooling system operating with R134a as a refrigerant.International Journal of Refrigeration,2015,56:173-185.
[19]Zegenhagen M.,Ziegler F.,A one-dimensional model of a jet-ejector in critical double choking operation with R134a as a refrigerant including real gas effects.International Journal of Refrigeration,2015,55:72-84.
[20]Yan J.,Lin C.,Cai W.,et al.,Experimental study on key geometric parameters of an R134A ejector cooling system.International Journal of Refrigeration,2016,67:102-108.
[21]Wang L.,Cai W.,Zhao H.,et al.,Experimentation and cycle performance prediction of hybrid A/C system using automobile exhaust waste heat.Applied Thermal Engineering.2016,94:314-323.
[22]Chen Z.,Jin X.,Dang C.,et al.,Ejector performance analysis under overall operating conditions considering adjustable nozzle structure.International Journal of Refrigeration,2017,84:274-286.
[23]Wang L.,Wang C.,Hou W.,et al.,Experimental investigation on ejector performance near critical back pressure.International Journal of Refrigeration,2017,80:158-168.
[24]Yan J.,Chen G.,Liu C.,et al.,Experimental investigations on a R134a ejector applied in a refrigeration system.Applied Thermal Engineering.2017,110:1061-1065.
[25]Tan Y.,Chen Y.,Wang L.,Thermodynamic analysis of a mixed refrigerant ejector refrigeration cycle operating with two vapor-liquid separators.Journal of Thermal Science,2018,27(3):230-240.
[26]Gosney W.,Principle of refrigeration,fourth ed.,Cambridge University Press,London,1982.
[27]Sokolov E.,Zinger H.,Ejector,first ed.,Science Press,Beijing,1977.(in Chinese)
[28]ASHRAE,Steam-jet refrigeration equipment,Equipment Handbook,ASHRAE,Atlanta,1979.
[29]Moffat R.,Describing the uncertainties in experimental results.Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science,1988,1(1):3-17.
[30]Huang B.,Chang J.,Wang C.,et al.,A 1-D analysis of ejector performance.International Journal of Refrigeration.1999,22(5):354-364.
[31]Munday J.,Bagster D.,A new ejector theory applied to steam jet refrigeration.Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Process Design and Development.1977,16(4):442-449.