不同开采条件下煤层应力演化及分区特征
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摘要
为了研究并确定不同开采条件下工作面前方煤体应力叠加重点位置,本文采用数值模拟建立力学模型,结合渝阳煤矿M7煤层实际地层进行模拟分析,获得了不同开采模式煤层及采空区的应力演化规律和分区特征。研究表明:单一区段开采时,采空区四侧煤壁均出现应力集中,采空区底板出现压实区。工作面前方煤体支承压力应力等值线呈现"W"型非均布状态,工作面中部煤体应力最大。上部一侧工作面采空时,本区段工作面开采上端头附近煤体出现显著应力叠加,工作面前方支承压力应力等值线呈现"L"型非均布状态,工作面前方上区段采空区侧煤体应力较大;当工作面上、下两侧均采空时,本区段上覆岩层来压剧烈,工作面及两侧煤壁均出现高应力,前方支承压力应力等值线呈现"U"型非均布状态,工作面上、下端头附近煤体应力叠加最为剧烈,深扩区积蓄能量大、范围广,需要严控冲击灾害的发生。
In order to study and determine the key control location of stress superposition of coal in front of working face under different mining conditions, using simulating and analyzing methods, the stress evolution and subarea characteristics are established based on the M7 coal seam in the Yuyang coal mine. The results show there is the stress intensification in the four sides of the goaf and in the compaction area of the goaf floor, after the single section is exploited. The abutment pressure presents the non-uniformly distributed state of "W" type and the stress in the middle of working face is the greatest one. When the working face at the upper side is mined out, the coal near the upper end appears to a significant stress superposition and the abutment pressure presents the non-uniformly distributed state of "L" type. When the working face at the both sides is mined out, the working face and the coal ribs appear the high stress superposition, the abutment pressure presents the non-uniformly distributed state of "U" type. The stress superposition of the upper and lower end of the working face is the most intense one. The high stress of deep extended region spreads widely and the disaster of this region needs to be strictly controlled.
In order to study and determine the key control location of stress superposition of coal in front of working face under different mining conditions, using simulating and analyzing methods, the stress evolution and subarea characteristics are established based on the M7 coal seam in the Yuyang coal mine. The results show there is the stress intensification in the four sides of the goaf and in the compaction area of the goaf floor, after the single section is exploited. The abutment pressure presents the non-uniformly distributed state of "W" type and the stress in the middle of working face is the greatest one. When the working face at the upper side is mined out, the coal near the upper end appears to a significant stress superposition and the abutment pressure presents the non-uniformly distributed state of "L" type. When the working face at the both sides is mined out, the working face and the coal ribs appear the high stress superposition, the abutment pressure presents the non-uniformly distributed state of "U" type. The stress superposition of the upper and lower end of the working face is the most intense one. The high stress of deep extended region spreads widely and the disaster of this region needs to be strictly controlled.
引文
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[15]成云海,姜福兴,张兴民,等.微震监测揭示的C型采场空间结构及应力场[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(1):102-107.CHENG Yunhai,JIANG Fuxing,ZHANG Xingmin,et al.C-shaped strata spatial structure and stress field in long wall face monitored by micro seismic monitoring[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(1):102-107.
[2]谢俊文,王金安,韦文兵.厚煤层综放开采顶煤运移及应力分布规律的数值分析[J].中国矿业,2005,14(10):56-59.XIE Junwen,WANG Jin’an,WEI Wenbing.Numerical analysis of top coal movement and stress distribution in mechanized top caving mining of thick coal seam[J].China Mining Magazine,2005,14(10):56-59.
[3]张平松,胡雄武,刘盛东.采煤面覆岩破坏动态测试模拟研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(1):78-83.ZHANG Pingsong,HU Xiongwu,LIU Shengdong.Study of dynamic detection simulation of overburdern failure in model workface[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(1):78-83.
[4]弓培林,靳钟铭.大采高采场覆岩结构特征及运动规律研究[J].煤炭学报,2004,29(1):7-11.GONG Peilin,JIN Zhongming.Study on the structure characteristics and movement laws of overlying strata with large mining height[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2004,29(1):7-11.
[5]钱鸣高,石平五.矿山压力与岩层控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2003:84-90.
[6]赵同彬,张洪海,陈云娟,等.支承压力分布演化规律及对煤岩体破坏的影响[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报(自然科学版),2010,3:420-423.ZHAO Tongbin,ZHANG Honghai,CHEN Yunjuan,et al.Evolution of abutment pressure distribution and impact on coal-rock damage[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University(Natural Science),2010,3:420-423.
[7]王新丰,高明中.不规则采场应力分布特征的面长效应[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(增刊1):43-49.WANG Xinfeng,GAO Mingzhong.Slope length effect of stress distribution characteristics of irregular stope[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(Sup 1):43-49.
[8]张华磊.采场底板应力传播规律及其对底板巷道稳定性影响研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2011.
[9]徐智敏.深部开采底板破坏及高承压突水模式、前兆与防治[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2010.
[10]谢广祥.综放面及其围岩宏观应力壳力学特征研究[J].煤炭学报,2005,30(3):309-313.XIE Guangxiang.Study on mechanical characteristics of fully mechanized top-coal caving face and surrounding rock stress shell[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2005,30(3):309-313.
[11]刘金海,姜福兴,冯涛.C型采场支承压力分布特征的数值模拟研究[J].岩土力学,2010,31(12):4011-4015.LIU Jinhai,JIANG Fuxing,FENG Tao.Numerical simulation of abutment pressure distribution of C-shaped stope[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(12):4011-4015.
[12]林海飞,李树刚,成连华,等.覆岩采动裂隙带动态演化模型的实验分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2011,28(2):298-302.LIN Haifei,LI Shugang,CHENG Lianhua,et al.Experimental analysis of dynamic evolution model of mining-induced fissure zone in overlying strata[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2011,28(2):298-302.
[13]CAO Shugang,LUO Feng,LIU Yanbao,et al.Gas migration of coal in front of a mining face considering crack evolution[J].Environmental Earth Sciences.2016,75(18):1-11.
[14]洛锋.基于采场应力-裂隙时空差异性的煤岩体瓦斯运移规律研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2014.
[15]成云海,姜福兴,张兴民,等.微震监测揭示的C型采场空间结构及应力场[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(1):102-107.CHENG Yunhai,JIANG Fuxing,ZHANG Xingmin,et al.C-shaped strata spatial structure and stress field in long wall face monitored by micro seismic monitoring[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(1):102-107.