两相区退火过程中100Cr6钢碳化物的溶解行为
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摘要
通过定量试验和计算,研究了100Cr6轴承钢两相区退火过程碳化物的溶解行为。用扫描电镜SEM和EBSD进行微观组织的观察和统计分析,并运用Thermo-Calc热力学软件和Dictra动力学软件计算分析两相区保温过程中保温时间对碳化物体积分数和平均尺寸的影响。结果表明:以保温时间10 min为临界点,初期碳化物粒子的溶解速率高,随保温时间的延长,溶解速率越来越低。保温60 min后,碳化物粒子的直径由0. 438μm降至0. 281μm。随保温时间的延长,奥氏体内C含量提高明显,而Cr元素变化不大,只是在界面处建立了局部平衡。保温时间达到30 min时,Cr原子在未溶解碳化物内发生了长程扩散,碳化物内的Cr含量明显提高,增加了其稳定性,降低了后续的溶解速率。
The carbide dissolution behavior of 100 Cr6 bearing steel during intercritical austenitization process was investigated by quantitative experiment and calculations. The SEM and EBSD were used to examine and analyze the microstructure. The Thermo-calc and Dictra softwares were used to calculate the effect of holding time on the carbide volume fraction and average size during intercritical annealing. The results indicate that the carbide dissolution rate is fast when the holding time is less than 10 min,and becomes slower and slower in the subsequent holding process. The carbide diameter decreases from 0. 438 μm to 0. 281 μm after holding for 60 min. The content of C in austenite increases fast,while the Cr content changes a little and only local equilibrium at the phase interface is established. After holding for30 min,the long range diffusion of Cr element is occurred in carbide and the Cr content in carbide increases,which reduces its subsuquent dissolution rate.
The carbide dissolution behavior of 100 Cr6 bearing steel during intercritical austenitization process was investigated by quantitative experiment and calculations. The SEM and EBSD were used to examine and analyze the microstructure. The Thermo-calc and Dictra softwares were used to calculate the effect of holding time on the carbide volume fraction and average size during intercritical annealing. The results indicate that the carbide dissolution rate is fast when the holding time is less than 10 min,and becomes slower and slower in the subsequent holding process. The carbide diameter decreases from 0. 438 μm to 0. 281 μm after holding for 60 min. The content of C in austenite increases fast,while the Cr content changes a little and only local equilibrium at the phase interface is established. After holding for30 min,the long range diffusion of Cr element is occurred in carbide and the Cr content in carbide increases,which reduces its subsuquent dissolution rate.
引文
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[6]闫文凯,杨卯生,杜景洪,等.高纯净GCr15轴承钢组织演变与快速球化工艺的研究[J].钢铁,2010,45(12):63-67.Yan Wenkai,Yang Mmaosheng,Du Jinghong,et al.Microstructure evolution and rapid spheroidizing technology of high-purity of GCr15bearing steel[J].Iron and Steel,2010,45(12):63-67.
[7]Thomas Sourmail,Véronique Smanio.Low temperature kinetics of bainite formation in high carbon steels[J].Acta Materialia,2013,61(7):2639-2648.
[8]孙岩,赵亮,安治国,等.GCr15SiMn轴承钢的连续冷却转变[J].金属热处理,2018,43(6):24-27.Sun Yan,Zhao Liang,An Zhiguo,et al.Continuous cooling transformation of GCr15Si Mn bearing steel[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2018,43(6):24-27.
[9]Lin C M,Lai H H,Kuo J C,et al.Effect of carbon content on solidification behaviors and morphological characteristics of the constituent phases in Cr-Fe-C alloys[J].Materials Characterization,2011,62(12):1124-1133.
[10]Brinksmeier E,Rentsch R,Sackmann T,et al.Consideration of core segregations on the formability of bearing steel[J].Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik,2006,37(1):40-44.
[11]Liu F,Jiang Y,Xiao H,et al.Study on fragmentation and dissolution behavior of carbide in a hot-rolled hypereutectic high chromium cast iron[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2015,618:380-385.
[12]Pan F S,Wang W Q,Tang A T,et al.Phase transformation refinement of coarse primary carbides in M2 high speed steel[J].Progress in Natural Science:Materials International,2011,21(2):180-186.
[13]占礼春,马党参,迟宏宵,等.冷作模具钢奥氏体化过程的碳化物溶解情况[J].钢铁研究学报,2012,24(10):29-33.Zhan Lichun,Ma Dangcan,Chi Hongxiao,et al.Carbides dissolution of cold work die steels during austenitizing[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2012,24(10):29-33.
[14]Schneider André,Inden G.Computer Simulation of Diffusion Controlled Phase Transformations[M].Wiley VCH Verlag Gmb H&Co.KGa A,2004.