7-ACA粉体燃爆机制的热动力学研究
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摘要
7-氨基头孢烷酸(7-ACA)粉体在生产过程中存在燃爆危险性,为探究7-ACA粉体的燃爆机制,开展粉体燃烧特性试验。采用热重分析(TGA)方法研究10、20和30℃/min等3种升温速率下,7-ACA粉体燃烧的热动力学过程。结果表明:在升温速率为10℃/min下,7-ACA粉体最低着火温度为220℃,升温速率越大,最小着火温度越高,最大失重速率对应的温度越高。在整个反应过程中,裂解阶段活化能为7.347 kJ/mol,频率因子为1.4×10~7,反应为1.5级反应;燃烧阶段活化能为146.99 kJ/mol,频率因子为9.18×10~(11),反应为2级反应。整个过程热动力学参数值都不高,7-ACA粉体能被较小能量点燃,有燃爆危险。
7-ACA dust has a risk of explosion in the production process.In order to study the explosion mechanism of 7-ACA dust,experiments were carried out by using TGA method.Heating rates of 10,20 and 30 ℃/min were used in the experiments.Experiments show that the minimum fire temperature of 7-ACA dust is 220 ℃ at the rate of temperature increase being 10 ℃/min,that the higher the rate of temperature increase is,the higher both the minimum fire temperature and the temperature corresponding to the maximum weight loss rate will be,that for the cracking stage,the activation energy is 7.347 kJ/mol,the pre-exponential factor is 1.4 × 10~7 and the reaction is 1.5 a order reaction,that for the combustion stage,the activation energy is 146.99 kJ/mol,the pre-exponential factor is 9.18×10~(11) and the reaction is a 2 order reaction,and that the values of thermal dynamics parameters are not high for the whole process and 7-ACA dust can be ignited with a small amount of energy and poses a risk of explosion.
7-ACA dust has a risk of explosion in the production process.In order to study the explosion mechanism of 7-ACA dust,experiments were carried out by using TGA method.Heating rates of 10,20 and 30 ℃/min were used in the experiments.Experiments show that the minimum fire temperature of 7-ACA dust is 220 ℃ at the rate of temperature increase being 10 ℃/min,that the higher the rate of temperature increase is,the higher both the minimum fire temperature and the temperature corresponding to the maximum weight loss rate will be,that for the cracking stage,the activation energy is 7.347 kJ/mol,the pre-exponential factor is 1.4 × 10~7 and the reaction is 1.5 a order reaction,that for the combustion stage,the activation energy is 146.99 kJ/mol,the pre-exponential factor is 9.18×10~(11) and the reaction is a 2 order reaction,and that the values of thermal dynamics parameters are not high for the whole process and 7-ACA dust can be ignited with a small amount of energy and poses a risk of explosion.
引文
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[2]GARCIA-AGREDA A,BENEDETTO A D,RUSSO P,et al.Dust/gas mixtures explosion regimes[J].Powder Technology,2011,205(1):81-86.
[3]张小良,沈恒根,赵培慧.克拉维酸钾微晶纤维素混粉爆炸参数测定研究[J].消防科学与技术,2009,28(11):800-802.ZHANG Xiaoliang,SHEN Henggen,ZHAO Peihui.The research on medicinal mix dust explosion characteristic of potassium Clavulanate and microcrystalline cellulose[J].Fire Science and Technology,2009,28(11):800-802.
[4]王以革.粉尘爆炸中最大爆炸压力及最大爆炸压力上升速率研究[J].消防科学与技术,2011,30(3):193-194.WANG Yige.Research on maximum explosion pressure and maximum rate of pressure rise of dust explosion[J].Fire Science and Technology,2011,30(3):193-194
[5]张金锋,刘海鑫,刘鑫,等.7-氨基头孢烷酸粉尘爆炸特性实验研究[J].河北科技大学学报,2014,35(2):208-212.ZHANG Jinfeng,LIU Haixin,LIU Xin,et al.Experimental research on explosion characteristics of 7-aminocephalosporanic-acid dust[J].Journal of Hebei University of Science and Technology,2014,35(2):208-212.
[6]张金锋,刘鑫.氮气惰化抑制7-氨基头孢烷酸粉尘爆炸试验研究[J].安全与环境学报,2016,16(3):42-45.ZHANG Jinfeng,LIU Xin.Research on the nitrogen inerting suppression of explosion of 7-ACA powder[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2016,16(3):42-45.
[7]张小良,沈恒根,赵培慧,等.药物混粉爆炸事故及防范对策的研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2010,20(1):67-71.ZHANG Xiaoliang,SHEN Henggen,ZHAO Peihui,et al.Analysis on medicinal powder explosion accident and its protective measures[J].China Safety Science Journal,2010,20(1):67-71.
[8]KOSSOY A A,SHEINMAN I Y,Evaluating thermal explosion hazard by using kinetics-based simulation approach[J].Process Safety and Environmental Protection,2004,82(6):421-430.
[9]LU Kaitai,CHU Yungchuan,CHE Tingchi,et al.Investigation of the decomposition reaction and dust explosion characteristics of crystalline dicumylperoxide[J].Process Safety and Environmental Protection,2010,88(5):356-365.
[10]朱红青,罗明罡,向明汭,等.煤燃烧特性热重试验研究及动力学分析[J].中国安全科学学报,2016,26(4):40-45.ZHU Hongqing,LUO Minggang,XIANG Mingrui,et al.Coal combustion characteristics research and dvnamic analysis based on thermogravimetric experiments[J].China Safety Science Journal,2016,26(4):40-45.
[11]张斌,刘建忠,赵卫东,等.褐煤自燃特性热重实验及动力学分析[J].热力发电,2014,43(6):71-76.ZHANG Bin,LIU Jianzhong,ZHAO Weidong,et al.Thermogravimetric experiments and dynamic analysis of spontaneous combustion characteristics of lignite[J].Thermal Power Generation,2014,43(6):71-76.
[12]何启林,王德明.TG-DTA-FTIR技术对煤氧化过程的规律性研究[J].煤炭学报,2005,30(1):53-57.HE Qilin,WANG Deming.Comprehensive study on the rule of spontaneous combustion of coal by TG-DTA-FTIR technology[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2005,30(1):53-57.
[13]肖旸,马砺,王振平,等.采用热重分析法研究煤自燃过程的特征温度[J].煤炭科学技术,2007,35(5):73-76.XIAO Yang,MA Li,WANG Zhenping,et al.Research on characteristic temperature in coal spontaneous combustion with thermal gravity analysis method[J].Coal Science and Technology,2007,35(5):73-76.
[14]李艳丽.丙酮存在环境7-ACA粉体燃爆特性及抑爆研究[D].石家庄:河北科技大学,2016.LI Yanli.Explosion characteristics of 7-ACA powders and its explosion resistance in the acetone[D].Shijiazhuang:Hebei University of Science and Technology,2016.
[15]CALVO L F,OTERO M,JENKINS B M,et al.Heating process characteristics and kinetics of sewage sludge in different atmospheres[J].Thermochimica Acta,2004,409(2):127-135.
[16]黄震,冯冰冰,张欣然,等.热分解动力学分析及计算模型的研究综述[J].中国印刷与包装研究,2014,6(6):4-17.HUANG Zhen,FENG Bingbing,ZHANG Xinran,et al.Introduction to thermal decomposition kinetic analysis and calculation models[J].China Printing and Packaging Study,2014,6(6):4-17.
[17]周俊虎,平传娟,杨卫娟,等.混煤燃烧反应动力学参数的热重研究[J].动力工程,2005,25(2):207-210.ZHOU Junhu,PING Chuanjuan,YANG Weijuan,et al.Thermo-gravimetric research on dynamic combustion reaction parameters of blended coals[J].Power Engineering,2005,25(2):207-210.
[18]GALWEY A K.Is the science of thermal analysis kinetics based on solid foundations:a literature appraisal[J].Thermochimica Acta,2004,413(1/2):139-183.
[19]VAMVUKA D,TROULINOS S,KASTANAKI E.The effect of mineral matter on the physical and chemical activation of low rank coal and biomass materials[J].Fuel,2006,85(12/13):1 763-1 771.
[20]VARHEGYI G,JR M J A,JAKAB E,et al.Kinetic modeling of biomass pyrolysis[J].Journal of Analytical&Applied Pyrolysis,1997,42(1):73-87.
[21]阎维平,陈吟颖.生物质混合物与褐煤共热解特性的实验研究[J].动力工程,2006,26(6):865-870.YAN Weiping,CHEN Yinying.Experimental study on co-pyrolysis characteristics of lignite mixed with biomass mixture[J].Journal of Power Engineering,2006,26(6):865–870.