固溶工艺对FB2转子钢晶粒长大行为的影响
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摘要
利用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)及透射电镜(TEM)对不同固溶工艺处理后的FB2试验钢进行了组织观察,研究了固溶工艺对FB2转子钢晶粒长大行为的影响。结果表明:当固溶温度低于1 050℃时,试验钢的晶粒长大速率较慢,当固溶温度高于1 100℃时,晶粒可以迅速长大。延长固溶时间,晶粒长大速率逐渐下降,8 h后晶粒不再明显长大。利用Sellars模型,描述FB2转子钢晶粒尺寸与加热温度和保温时间的关系。提高固溶温度能够提高晶界活性和减弱第二相粒子对晶界的"钉扎"作用,使晶粒迅速长大。FB2转子钢在1 100℃下,长时间固溶处理,晶粒发生异常长大的倾向不大。
FB2 rotor steel, which had undergone different solid solution treatments, was examined carefully through OM, SEM, TEM. Meanwhile, the effect of solid solution treatment on the grain size was investigated in the above way. The results show that the growth rate of grain in test steel is slow when the solution temperature is below 1 050 ℃, and the grain will grow more quickly when the solution temperature is raised to over 1 100 ℃. The growth rate of grain gradually decreases if the solution time is prolonged and grain doesn′t grow apparently eight hours later. The relationship between FB2 rotor steel grain and the heating temperature as well as holding time is described clearly by using Sellars model. Raising the solution temperature can increase the intergranular activity and decrease the pinning effect of second phase particles on the grain boundary, which can make the grain grow up quickly. Although FB2 rotor steel experiences a long solution treatment process at 1 100 ℃, its grain doesn′t tend to grow up abnormally.
FB2 rotor steel, which had undergone different solid solution treatments, was examined carefully through OM, SEM, TEM. Meanwhile, the effect of solid solution treatment on the grain size was investigated in the above way. The results show that the growth rate of grain in test steel is slow when the solution temperature is below 1 050 ℃, and the grain will grow more quickly when the solution temperature is raised to over 1 100 ℃. The growth rate of grain gradually decreases if the solution time is prolonged and grain doesn′t grow apparently eight hours later. The relationship between FB2 rotor steel grain and the heating temperature as well as holding time is described clearly by using Sellars model. Raising the solution temperature can increase the intergranular activity and decrease the pinning effect of second phase particles on the grain boundary, which can make the grain grow up quickly. Although FB2 rotor steel experiences a long solution treatment process at 1 100 ℃, its grain doesn′t tend to grow up abnormally.
引文
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[14] 杨钢, 谢学林, 刘新权, 等. 1Cr12Ni3Mo2VN耐热钢退火工艺研究[J]. 钢铁研究学报, 2010, 22(3):23.(Yang G, Xie X L, Liu X Q, et al. Investigation on annealing practice of 1Cr12Ni3Mo2VN heat-resistant steel[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research, 2010, 22(3):23.)
[15] 雍岐龙. 钢铁材料中的第二相[M]. 北京: 冶金工业出版社, 2006.(Yong Q L. Second Phases in Structural Steels[M]. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 2006.)
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[17] 徐温崇, 孙福玉. Nb-V微合金钢中Nb与V析出相的精细结构[J]. 金属学报, 1983, 19(6):29.(Xu W S, Sun F Y. The fine structure of Nb and V precipitates in Nb-V steel[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 1983, 19(6):29.)
[2] 赵成志, 魏双胜, 高亚龙, 等. 超临界与超超临界汽轮机耐热钢的研究进展[J]. 钢铁研究学报, 2007, 19(9):1.(Zhao C Z, Wei S S, Gao Y L, et al. Progress of heat-resistant steel for supercritical and ultra-supercritical steam turbine[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research, 2007, 19(9):1.)
[3] 庞庆, 彭建强. 625 ℃等级超超临界汽轮机高中压转子材料研究[J]. 汽轮机技术, 2014, 56(1):75.(Pang Q, Peng J Q. Study on high & intermediate pressure rotor for ultra-super critical steam turbine operating at 625 ℃[J]. Turbine Technology, 2014, 56(1):75.)
[4] Tao X, Gu J, Han L. Carbonitride dissolution and austenite grain growth in a high Cr ferritic heat-resistant steel[J]. ISIJ International, 2014, 54(7):1705.
[5] Yagi K, Abe F. Creep-resistant steels[J]. Encyclopedia of Materials Science and Technology, 2001, 16(9):1840.
[6] 曾骁, 赵吉庆, 甘国友, 等. 退火工艺对COST-FB2钢组织和硬度的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2017, 42(10):75.(Zeng X, Zhao J Q, Gan G Y, et al. Influence of annealing process on hardness and microstructure of COST-FB2 steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2017, 42(10):75.)
[7] 刘宁, 刘正东, 何西扣, 等. 核压力容器用SA508Gr.4N钢组织遗传性的消除[J]. 钢铁研究学报, 2017, 29(5):402.(Liu N, Liu Z D, He X K, et al. Structure inheritance removing of SA508Gr.4N steel for nuclear reactor pressure vessels[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research, 2017, 29(5):402.)
[8] 曾骁, 赵吉庆, 甘国友, 等. 等温退火对COST-FB2钢组织均匀化的影响[J]. 金属热处理, 2018, 43(3):128.(Zeng X, Zhao J Q, Gan G Y, et al. Influence of isothermal annealing on microstructure homogenization of COST-FB2 steel[J]. Heat Treatment of Metals, 2018, 43(3):128.)
[9] 王晓芳. 620 ℃汽轮机转子锻件用钢晶粒细化热处理工艺研究[J]. 大型铸锻件, 2016(2):6.(Wang X F. Research on grain refining heat treatment process of steel used for 620 ℃ steam turbine rotor forgings[J]. Heavy Casting and Forging, 2016(2):6.)
[10] 周斌, 高振桓, 李清松, 等. 超超临界汽轮机转子FB2材料性能及蠕变组织演化规律研究[J]. 东方汽轮机, 2016(1):42.(Zhou B, Gao Z H, Li Q S, et al. Property and microstructural evolution of FB2 used for rotor of ultra-supercritical steam turbine[J] East Turbine Technology, 2016(1):42.)
[11] Sellars C M, Whiteman J A. Recrystallization and grain growth in hot rolling[J]. Metal Science Journal, 1978, 13(3/4):187.
[12] 韩利战, 陈睿恺, 顾剑锋, 等. X12CrMoWVNbN10-1-1铁素体耐热钢奥氏体晶粒长大行为的研究[J]. 金属学报, 2009, 45(12):1446.(Han L Z, Chen R K, Gu J F, et al. Behavior of austenite grain growth in X12CrMoWVNbN10-1-1 ferrite heat-resistant steel[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica 2009, 45(12):1446.)
[13] 刘宝锋, 杨钢, 华建社, 等. 淬火温度对AMS6308钢组织和性能的影响[J]. 特钢技术, 2012, 18(3):12.(Liu B F, Yang G, Hua J S, et al. Effect of quenching temperature on structure and mechanical properties of AMS6308 steel[J]. Special Steel Technology, 2012, 18(3):12.)
[14] 杨钢, 谢学林, 刘新权, 等. 1Cr12Ni3Mo2VN耐热钢退火工艺研究[J]. 钢铁研究学报, 2010, 22(3):23.(Yang G, Xie X L, Liu X Q, et al. Investigation on annealing practice of 1Cr12Ni3Mo2VN heat-resistant steel[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research, 2010, 22(3):23.)
[15] 雍岐龙. 钢铁材料中的第二相[M]. 北京: 冶金工业出版社, 2006.(Yong Q L. Second Phases in Structural Steels[M]. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 2006.)
[16] 余永宁. 金属学原理[M]. 北京: 冶金工业出版社, 2013.(Xu Y N. Metallography Principle[M]. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 2013.)
[17] 徐温崇, 孙福玉. Nb-V微合金钢中Nb与V析出相的精细结构[J]. 金属学报, 1983, 19(6):29.(Xu W S, Sun F Y. The fine structure of Nb and V precipitates in Nb-V steel[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 1983, 19(6):29.)
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