竞争、并存与共赢——智能设计工具与人类设计师的关系
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摘要
随着智能设计工具在建筑设计、城市规划等领域的应用越发普遍,对其核心本质、存在价值与发展脉络的探讨与梳理也变得越发必要。作者基于自身多年的研究与实践经验指出,智能设计工具的本质特征之一是其能够与人类进行互动(如对人类设计师的方案进行基于复杂标准的判断、优化与反馈);其重要价值在于解放人类设计师的双手以促进其提升自身核心竞争力,以及打破设计知识与理念传播的壁垒。在具体的规划设计工作中,人类设计师与智能设计工具各有所长,两者应互为补充、共同进步。作为人工智能等新兴科学与传统设计学科相互启发与融合的产物,智能设计工具在未来的应用领域将不断扩展,并推动建筑设计、城市规划和景观设计等学科之间更为密切的合作,在提高设计质量与行业整体效率的同时,促进对设计哲学与深层价值的深入探讨。
With its increasingly wide application in the fields of architecture and urban planning, intelligent design tools require a review on its essence,core value, and evolution. Based on her several years' experience of research and practice,the author points out that one of the essential characteristics of intelligent design tools is their ability to actively interact with humans(such as the assessment, optimization, and feedback of human designer's schemes). The core value of intelligent design tools lies in that they can liberate human designers from repetitive work and break down the barriers in communicating design knowledge and ideas. Human designers and intelligent design tools both have their own strengths in the real practices; the two should complement each other and make progress together. Being a product of inspiration and integration between emerging sciences, such as artificial intelligence, and traditional design disciplines, intelligent design tools will enjoy an ever-expanding realm of application. It will facilitate cross-disciplinary cooperation in Architecture, Urban Planning, and Landscape Architecture at varied scales, which not only promotes explorations on design philosophy and deep design values, but also help improve design quality and the overall efficiency of the industry.
With its increasingly wide application in the fields of architecture and urban planning, intelligent design tools require a review on its essence,core value, and evolution. Based on her several years' experience of research and practice,the author points out that one of the essential characteristics of intelligent design tools is their ability to actively interact with humans(such as the assessment, optimization, and feedback of human designer's schemes). The core value of intelligent design tools lies in that they can liberate human designers from repetitive work and break down the barriers in communicating design knowledge and ideas. Human designers and intelligent design tools both have their own strengths in the real practices; the two should complement each other and make progress together. Being a product of inspiration and integration between emerging sciences, such as artificial intelligence, and traditional design disciplines, intelligent design tools will enjoy an ever-expanding realm of application. It will facilitate cross-disciplinary cooperation in Architecture, Urban Planning, and Landscape Architecture at varied scales, which not only promotes explorations on design philosophy and deep design values, but also help improve design quality and the overall efficiency of the industry.
引文
[1]He, W. Y.,&Yang, X. D.(2018). Artificial Intelligence Design, from Research to Practice. Time+Architecture,(1), 38-43.
(1)“小库”是以智能设计(只需通过在线圈地或上传基地CAD文件、输入基本限定条件、选择楼型三步简单操作,再通过“小库AI大脑”进行方案设计及智能推荐)、智能审图(将二维方案变为三维空间模型,排查潜在错误,并输出多项结果)和智能报告(自动输出含基地分析、方案对比、指标呈现等内容的演示文稿)等功能为主的人工智能设计云平台。在引入云端计算与反馈、大数据收集与分析、机器学习与深度学习技术后,小库的运行规则中包含更多如美观性、社会性等相对主观的考量因素,以做出综合效益更高的选择。
(1)XKool is an AI design cloud platform that supports intelligent design(generating design proposals and intelligent recommendations through XKool AI Brain by inputting site map,defining requirements,and selecting building types), intelligent review(turning a2D design into a 3D model, troubleshooting potential errors, and outputting multiple results), and intelligent report(automatically outputting a PowerPoint file that includes site analyses, proposal comparison, and indicator presentation).After introducing techniques such as cloud computing and feedback, big data collection and analysis,machine learning and deep learning,XKool integrates more subjective considerations such as aesthetics and sociality into its operation rules,to maximize the overall benefits of the design.
(2)小库科技于2017年宣布启动“罗塞塔计划”,旨在打造建筑设计领域的“罗塞塔石碑”,即通过对大量已有的优秀建筑设计案例进行深入学习,建立一个关于设计风格、逻辑与理念等的庞大知识库,并输出学习后的智能设计成果供设计师参考。
(2)In 2017, XKool launched its Rosetta Project,which aims at creating the"Rosetta Stone"in the field of Architecture.The idea is to build a large database of design styles, logics,and ideas by studying a large number of existing exceptional architectural cases. It is expected to output more valuable intelligent design results to inform human designers.
(3)“未来建筑实验室”是一个面向城市设计与建筑设计、主要进行设计方法研究与未来城市探索的实验型设计与研究机构,与中国多家开发商、设计院及国内外科研院所或机构、科技公司等建立了合作关系,致力于从事新兴科技与城市、建筑结合方向的设计和研究。
(3)Future Architecture Lab is an experimental design and research institute in urban design and architecture,with a focus on design method research and future cities. It has built cooperative relationships with a number of Chinese developers and design institutes and international and domestic research institutes, technology companies, etc. It is committed to the design and research by integrating emerging technologies with urban and architectural design.
(1)“小库”是以智能设计(只需通过在线圈地或上传基地CAD文件、输入基本限定条件、选择楼型三步简单操作,再通过“小库AI大脑”进行方案设计及智能推荐)、智能审图(将二维方案变为三维空间模型,排查潜在错误,并输出多项结果)和智能报告(自动输出含基地分析、方案对比、指标呈现等内容的演示文稿)等功能为主的人工智能设计云平台。在引入云端计算与反馈、大数据收集与分析、机器学习与深度学习技术后,小库的运行规则中包含更多如美观性、社会性等相对主观的考量因素,以做出综合效益更高的选择。
(1)XKool is an AI design cloud platform that supports intelligent design(generating design proposals and intelligent recommendations through XKool AI Brain by inputting site map,defining requirements,and selecting building types), intelligent review(turning a2D design into a 3D model, troubleshooting potential errors, and outputting multiple results), and intelligent report(automatically outputting a PowerPoint file that includes site analyses, proposal comparison, and indicator presentation).After introducing techniques such as cloud computing and feedback, big data collection and analysis,machine learning and deep learning,XKool integrates more subjective considerations such as aesthetics and sociality into its operation rules,to maximize the overall benefits of the design.
(2)小库科技于2017年宣布启动“罗塞塔计划”,旨在打造建筑设计领域的“罗塞塔石碑”,即通过对大量已有的优秀建筑设计案例进行深入学习,建立一个关于设计风格、逻辑与理念等的庞大知识库,并输出学习后的智能设计成果供设计师参考。
(2)In 2017, XKool launched its Rosetta Project,which aims at creating the"Rosetta Stone"in the field of Architecture.The idea is to build a large database of design styles, logics,and ideas by studying a large number of existing exceptional architectural cases. It is expected to output more valuable intelligent design results to inform human designers.
(3)“未来建筑实验室”是一个面向城市设计与建筑设计、主要进行设计方法研究与未来城市探索的实验型设计与研究机构,与中国多家开发商、设计院及国内外科研院所或机构、科技公司等建立了合作关系,致力于从事新兴科技与城市、建筑结合方向的设计和研究。
(3)Future Architecture Lab is an experimental design and research institute in urban design and architecture,with a focus on design method research and future cities. It has built cooperative relationships with a number of Chinese developers and design institutes and international and domestic research institutes, technology companies, etc. It is committed to the design and research by integrating emerging technologies with urban and architectural design.