黑胸散白蚁染色标记物及染色标记方法研究
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摘要
目的测试苯胺蓝、中性红、苏丹Ⅲ、碱性品红、番红花红T、曲利苯蓝、番红花红O、罗丹明B、孟加拉玫瑰红9种染色剂对黑胸散白蚁的染色标记效果,并寻找在室内、外可更好染色标记黑胸散白蚁的方法。方法比较黑胸散白蚁非强制性和强制性取食染色滤纸14 d后的染色率和死亡率,筛选出染色剂;在实验室内,通过不同浓度酒精与中性红处理烘干木材和未烘干木材,观察染色浓淡和染色剂深入木材深度,筛选出对马尾松木块染色效果好的方法,并在实验室和野外测试该方法染色的松木块标记白蚁的效果。结果在实验室内,黑胸散白蚁非强制性和强制性取食染色滤纸的试验中,0.3%的中性红染色标记白蚁效果最好,染色标记率分别高达81.33%和100%;成功得到了可深入马尾松木块内部染色且着色均匀的染色方法,实验室内白蚁取食该方法染色的松木块5 d后被明显标记,并且取食14 d后可辨识标记时间达365 d以上;室外白蚁取食该方法染色的松木块后也被成功染色标记。结论 0.3%的中性红染色剂标记黑胸散白蚁的效果好,可用于室内、外染色标记黑胸散白蚁;60℃下烘48 h后的马尾松木块,放入酒精(浓度≥65%)作溶剂的0.3%中性红染色液中浸泡5 d,取出后60℃下烘72 h,可用于室内、外染色标记黑胸散白蚁。
Objective To test the effects of 9 dyes containing Aniline Blue,Neutral Red,Su Dan III,Basic Fuchsin,Safranine T,Trypan Blue,Safranine O,Rhodamine B and Rose Bengal Disodium Salt for marking termites of Reticulitermes chinensis,and gain a better method for marking termites of Reticulitermes chinensis in laboratory and field.Methods Screening dyes by comparation of dyeing rates and mortalities of termites after mandatory and nonmandatory feeding termites with dyed filter paper 14 days later. Screening dyed wood blocks of Pinus massoniana by treatment of dried wood and wood without drying with different concentration of alcohol and different concentration of Neutral Red dye in laboratory,and testing the effect of labeling termites with the dyed wood blocks in field.Results The effect of dyeing termites of R. chinensis with 0. 3% Neutral Red was the best through those non-mandatory and mandatory feeding tests in laboratory,with dyeing rates of 81. 33% and 100% respectively. A method of uniform and deep dyeing wood block of Pinus massoniana was gained,which clearly marked termites after 5 days feeding. Through this way,the visible marker was able to keep more than 365 days after 14 days feeding in laboratory,and termites were labeled well after feeding the dyed wood blocks sustainedly in field.Conclusion 0. 3% Neutral Red marked termites of R.chinensis well,and it was able to use for labeling termites of R. chinensis in laboratory and field. The dyed wood blocks of Pinus massoniana which soaked in the concentration of 0. 3% Neutral Red dissolved in 65% or above alcohol for 5 days and then dried under 60 ℃ for 72 h after drying pretreatment for 48 h under 60 ℃ were able to use for labeling termites of R.chinensis in laboratory and field tests.
Objective To test the effects of 9 dyes containing Aniline Blue,Neutral Red,Su Dan III,Basic Fuchsin,Safranine T,Trypan Blue,Safranine O,Rhodamine B and Rose Bengal Disodium Salt for marking termites of Reticulitermes chinensis,and gain a better method for marking termites of Reticulitermes chinensis in laboratory and field.Methods Screening dyes by comparation of dyeing rates and mortalities of termites after mandatory and nonmandatory feeding termites with dyed filter paper 14 days later. Screening dyed wood blocks of Pinus massoniana by treatment of dried wood and wood without drying with different concentration of alcohol and different concentration of Neutral Red dye in laboratory,and testing the effect of labeling termites with the dyed wood blocks in field.Results The effect of dyeing termites of R. chinensis with 0. 3% Neutral Red was the best through those non-mandatory and mandatory feeding tests in laboratory,with dyeing rates of 81. 33% and 100% respectively. A method of uniform and deep dyeing wood block of Pinus massoniana was gained,which clearly marked termites after 5 days feeding. Through this way,the visible marker was able to keep more than 365 days after 14 days feeding in laboratory,and termites were labeled well after feeding the dyed wood blocks sustainedly in field.Conclusion 0. 3% Neutral Red marked termites of R.chinensis well,and it was able to use for labeling termites of R. chinensis in laboratory and field. The dyed wood blocks of Pinus massoniana which soaked in the concentration of 0. 3% Neutral Red dissolved in 65% or above alcohol for 5 days and then dried under 60 ℃ for 72 h after drying pretreatment for 48 h under 60 ℃ were able to use for labeling termites of R.chinensis in laboratory and field tests.
引文
[1]Evans TA.Fast marking of termites(Isoptera:Rhinotermitidae)[J].Sociobiology,2000(3):517-523.
[2]胡剑,刘炳荣,曾文慧,等.五种染色剂对台湾乳白蚁的染色效果[J].环境昆虫学报,2010,32(4):488-492.
[3]朱方丽,尹兵,王秀梅.黑胸散白蚁染色标记物的研究[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2014,20(5):449-452.
[4]苏南耀,鲍尔M·本,鲁道夫H·谢夫汉,等.家白蚁和欧美散白蚁种群研究中的十二种染料标记物的评价[J].白蚁科技,1998,15(2):25-32.
[5]宋晓钢,朱春雨,张文君,等.NY/T 1153.5-2013农药登记用白蚁防治剂药效试验方法及评价第5部分:饵剂防治白蚁[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2013.
[6]尹兵,王秀梅,朱方丽,等.黑胸散白蚁取食群体大小与活动范围研究[J].环境昆虫学报,2015,36(6):1182-1187.
[7]何雪香,刘磊,徐金柱,等.几种防腐剂处理的马尾松材室内抗家白蚁(Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki)效果试验[J].广东林业科技,2008,24(5):14-18.
[8]徐正刚.黄胸散白蚁对不同木腐菌处理松木粉的偏好性研究[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2013,24(6):544-545.
[9]黄海娣,田洁,谢蓉蓉,等.黑胸散白蚁和台湾乳白蚁对镇江地区几种常见木材品种的取食偏好性研究[J].应用昆虫学报,2015,52(6):1451-1458.
[10]宋立,胡寅,宋晓钢.白蚁监测控制装置内不同饵木效果的研究[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2015,21(2):190-193.
[11]刘源智,江涌,苏祥云,等.中国白蚁生物学及防治[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1998:3.
[12]胡剑,钟俊红,黄珍友,等.黑翅土白蚁分飞距离的研究[C].2006年广东省白蚁学会第九次会员代表大会暨学术研讨会,2006:9-12.
[13]Su NY,Ban PM,Scheffrahn RH.Evaluation of twelve dye markers for population studies of the eastern and Formosan subterranean termite(Isoptera:Rhinotermitidae)[J].Sociobiology,1991(2):349-362.
[2]胡剑,刘炳荣,曾文慧,等.五种染色剂对台湾乳白蚁的染色效果[J].环境昆虫学报,2010,32(4):488-492.
[3]朱方丽,尹兵,王秀梅.黑胸散白蚁染色标记物的研究[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2014,20(5):449-452.
[4]苏南耀,鲍尔M·本,鲁道夫H·谢夫汉,等.家白蚁和欧美散白蚁种群研究中的十二种染料标记物的评价[J].白蚁科技,1998,15(2):25-32.
[5]宋晓钢,朱春雨,张文君,等.NY/T 1153.5-2013农药登记用白蚁防治剂药效试验方法及评价第5部分:饵剂防治白蚁[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2013.
[6]尹兵,王秀梅,朱方丽,等.黑胸散白蚁取食群体大小与活动范围研究[J].环境昆虫学报,2015,36(6):1182-1187.
[7]何雪香,刘磊,徐金柱,等.几种防腐剂处理的马尾松材室内抗家白蚁(Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki)效果试验[J].广东林业科技,2008,24(5):14-18.
[8]徐正刚.黄胸散白蚁对不同木腐菌处理松木粉的偏好性研究[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2013,24(6):544-545.
[9]黄海娣,田洁,谢蓉蓉,等.黑胸散白蚁和台湾乳白蚁对镇江地区几种常见木材品种的取食偏好性研究[J].应用昆虫学报,2015,52(6):1451-1458.
[10]宋立,胡寅,宋晓钢.白蚁监测控制装置内不同饵木效果的研究[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2015,21(2):190-193.
[11]刘源智,江涌,苏祥云,等.中国白蚁生物学及防治[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1998:3.
[12]胡剑,钟俊红,黄珍友,等.黑翅土白蚁分飞距离的研究[C].2006年广东省白蚁学会第九次会员代表大会暨学术研讨会,2006:9-12.
[13]Su NY,Ban PM,Scheffrahn RH.Evaluation of twelve dye markers for population studies of the eastern and Formosan subterranean termite(Isoptera:Rhinotermitidae)[J].Sociobiology,1991(2):349-362.