不同青贮玉米品种抗病性评价
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摘要
对10个青贮玉米品种自然发病情况进行调查,并采用病级分类方法对抗病性分类。结果表明:对锈病表现抗性和中抗的品种有3个和5个,分别占供试品种的30%和50%;对大斑病表现抗性和中抗的品种有4个和5个,分别占供试品种的40%和50%;对褐斑病表现抗性和中抗的品种有6个和3个,分别占供试品种的60%和30%;对小斑病表现抗性和中抗的品种有6个和3个,分别占供试品种的60%和30%。多数品种对青贮玉米4种病害抗性表现较好,可从青贮玉米供试材料中选用优良抗病材料用于四川地区种植。
In this paper,we evaluated the disease resistance by the disease classification and systematic cluster analysis through investigating the natural incidence of 10 species of silage maize.The results showed that 3 and 5 varieties having resistance to rust,which accounted for 30% and 50% of the tested varieties respectively.There were 4 and 5 varieties which have resistance and moderate resistance to large leaf spot,occupying 40% and 50% in the tested varieties respectively.There were 6 and 3 varieties having resistance and moderate resistance to brown spot,accounting for 60% and 30% of the tested varieties respectively.There were 6 and 3 varieties with resistance and medium resistance to small leaf spot,accounting for 60% and 30% of the tested varieties respectively.Most species of silage maize have a sound resistance to four kinds of diseases,so we can choose excellent disease-resisted materials from the experimental materials of silage maize to be planted in Sichuan area.Also,we can choose the varieties which was sensitive or highly resistant to diseases from the experimental materials of silage maize to be used for researching disease resistance mechanism of silage maize.
In this paper,we evaluated the disease resistance by the disease classification and systematic cluster analysis through investigating the natural incidence of 10 species of silage maize.The results showed that 3 and 5 varieties having resistance to rust,which accounted for 30% and 50% of the tested varieties respectively.There were 4 and 5 varieties which have resistance and moderate resistance to large leaf spot,occupying 40% and 50% in the tested varieties respectively.There were 6 and 3 varieties having resistance and moderate resistance to brown spot,accounting for 60% and 30% of the tested varieties respectively.There were 6 and 3 varieties with resistance and medium resistance to small leaf spot,accounting for 60% and 30% of the tested varieties respectively.Most species of silage maize have a sound resistance to four kinds of diseases,so we can choose excellent disease-resisted materials from the experimental materials of silage maize to be planted in Sichuan area.Also,we can choose the varieties which was sensitive or highly resistant to diseases from the experimental materials of silage maize to be used for researching disease resistance mechanism of silage maize.
引文
[1] 王晓鸣,晋齐鸣,石洁,等.玉米病害发生现状与推广品种抗性对未来病害发展的影响[J].植物病理学报,2006,36(1):1-11.
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[3] 陈捷.玉米病害诊断与防治[M].北京:金盾出版社,1999.
[4] 张利.四川地区牧草病害调查及禾本科牧草锈病的研究[D].绵阳:西南科技大学,2012.
[5] 张利,康晓慧,周俗,等.四川|地区禾本科牧草真菌病害调查及综合防治研究[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(29):17899-17901.
[6] 戴法超,高卫东,王晓鸣,等.53 份玉米品种(组合)对 4 种玉病害的抗性评价[J].植物保护,1997,23(4):15-17.
[7] 张成和,刘爱国.玉米自交系和杂交种对 6 种玉米病害的抗性鉴定[J].华北农学报,1993,8(3):106-111.
[8] 陈秀蓉,南志标,杨成德,等.3种牧草草根际平胶蠕孢形态和生物学特性[J].草业学报,2003,22(6):86-92.
[9] 刘爱国,张成和.玉米小斑病菌O小种优势种群变化趋势和玉米品种抗病性监测[J].河北农业大学学报,1997,20(4):35-38.
[10] 南志标.牧草病害的调查与评定[M]//任继周.草业科学研究方法.北京:中国农业出版社,1998:214-232.
[11] 陈光华,毛浓翔,林伟锋,等.玉米大斑病品种抗病性对比试验[J].陕西农业科学,2014,60(5):1-3.
[12] 周小刚,余俊杰,彭化贤.玉米品种对大斑病慢发性抗病性的因素分析[J].西南农业学报,1997(1):32-36.
[13] 赵聚莹,屈振刚,贾海民,等.不同玉米品种对小斑病强致病力菌的抗病性检测[J].河北农业科学,2010,14(9):66-67.
[14] 梅玉云,齐永霞,丁克坚,等.安徽省审定玉米品种对小斑病的抗病性评价[C].中国植物保护学会学术年会,2014.
[15] 张燕,曾珠,吴鹏丽,等.玉米自交系对大斑病和普通锈病的抗病性分析[J].玉米科学,2013,21(6):135-139.
[16] 贺字典,余金咏,于泉林,等.玉米褐斑病流行规律及gem种质资源抗病性鉴定[J].玉米科学,2011,19(3):131-134.
[17] 杜学林,邢光耀,郑丽英.不同玉米品种对玉米小斑病抗性的调查[J].作物杂志,2004(6):38-39.
[18] 王波,刘宗江,杨家平.玉米品种抗病性鉴定田间试验[J].安徽农学通报,2006,12(9):118-120.
[19] 杜学林,邢光耀.不同玉米品种对小斑病抗性研究[J].种子,2005,24(9):65-66.
[20] 薛春生,马昌广,常程,等.2005～2007 年辽宁省玉米区试品种抗病性分析[J].中国种业,2008(10):40-41.
[21] 刘红梅,龙玲,莫纯碧.毕节地区主栽杂交玉米对丝黑穗病的抗性评价[J].贵州农业科学,2006,34(1):73-74.
[22] 马沛卿,王晓玲,王志,等.山西省玉米新品种(系)抗病性鉴定与评价[J].山西农业科技,1997,25(1):70-73.
[23] 刘爱国,张成和,石洁.玉米杂交种对多种病害抗性鉴定结果初报[J].华北农学报,2000,15(S1):85-89.
[2] 王晓鸣,戴法超.玉米病害田间手册—病虫害鉴别与抗性鉴定[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2001.
[3] 陈捷.玉米病害诊断与防治[M].北京:金盾出版社,1999.
[4] 张利.四川地区牧草病害调查及禾本科牧草锈病的研究[D].绵阳:西南科技大学,2012.
[5] 张利,康晓慧,周俗,等.四川|地区禾本科牧草真菌病害调查及综合防治研究[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(29):17899-17901.
[6] 戴法超,高卫东,王晓鸣,等.53 份玉米品种(组合)对 4 种玉病害的抗性评价[J].植物保护,1997,23(4):15-17.
[7] 张成和,刘爱国.玉米自交系和杂交种对 6 种玉米病害的抗性鉴定[J].华北农学报,1993,8(3):106-111.
[8] 陈秀蓉,南志标,杨成德,等.3种牧草草根际平胶蠕孢形态和生物学特性[J].草业学报,2003,22(6):86-92.
[9] 刘爱国,张成和.玉米小斑病菌O小种优势种群变化趋势和玉米品种抗病性监测[J].河北农业大学学报,1997,20(4):35-38.
[10] 南志标.牧草病害的调查与评定[M]//任继周.草业科学研究方法.北京:中国农业出版社,1998:214-232.
[11] 陈光华,毛浓翔,林伟锋,等.玉米大斑病品种抗病性对比试验[J].陕西农业科学,2014,60(5):1-3.
[12] 周小刚,余俊杰,彭化贤.玉米品种对大斑病慢发性抗病性的因素分析[J].西南农业学报,1997(1):32-36.
[13] 赵聚莹,屈振刚,贾海民,等.不同玉米品种对小斑病强致病力菌的抗病性检测[J].河北农业科学,2010,14(9):66-67.
[14] 梅玉云,齐永霞,丁克坚,等.安徽省审定玉米品种对小斑病的抗病性评价[C].中国植物保护学会学术年会,2014.
[15] 张燕,曾珠,吴鹏丽,等.玉米自交系对大斑病和普通锈病的抗病性分析[J].玉米科学,2013,21(6):135-139.
[16] 贺字典,余金咏,于泉林,等.玉米褐斑病流行规律及gem种质资源抗病性鉴定[J].玉米科学,2011,19(3):131-134.
[17] 杜学林,邢光耀,郑丽英.不同玉米品种对玉米小斑病抗性的调查[J].作物杂志,2004(6):38-39.
[18] 王波,刘宗江,杨家平.玉米品种抗病性鉴定田间试验[J].安徽农学通报,2006,12(9):118-120.
[19] 杜学林,邢光耀.不同玉米品种对小斑病抗性研究[J].种子,2005,24(9):65-66.
[20] 薛春生,马昌广,常程,等.2005～2007 年辽宁省玉米区试品种抗病性分析[J].中国种业,2008(10):40-41.
[21] 刘红梅,龙玲,莫纯碧.毕节地区主栽杂交玉米对丝黑穗病的抗性评价[J].贵州农业科学,2006,34(1):73-74.
[22] 马沛卿,王晓玲,王志,等.山西省玉米新品种(系)抗病性鉴定与评价[J].山西农业科技,1997,25(1):70-73.
[23] 刘爱国,张成和,石洁.玉米杂交种对多种病害抗性鉴定结果初报[J].华北农学报,2000,15(S1):85-89.