高填矩形、拱形截面明洞土压力差异性规律研究
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摘要
为了得到矩形、拱形截面明洞土压力随填土高度的变化规律,采用模型试验与数值模拟相结合的方法进行研究,得到以下结果:1)截面形式对明洞土压力大小影响很大,且基础刚度不同,差异性明显。拱形截面明洞洞顶轴线处竖向土压力大于矩形截面明洞。2)刚性基础拱形截面明洞洞顶同一平面竖向土压力变化呈减小—平缓的趋势,而柔性基础呈减小—增大—平缓的趋势;矩形截面明洞呈增大—减小—平缓的趋势。3)刚性基础明洞洞顶同一平面水平土压力分布形式呈现出2个拱形,而柔性基础明洞仅在洞顶上方出现1个拱形。4)刚性基础拱形、矩形截面明洞洞顶至0. 6倍洞高范围内土体位移分别呈"W"、"双V"形分布,0. 6~3倍洞高内均呈"V"形分布,3倍洞高以上无相对沉降,而柔性基础明洞土体位移在0~3倍洞高内均为"V"形,3倍洞高以上无相对沉降。
The model test and numerical simulation are adopted to study the variation rule of earth pressure of rectangular and arched open-cut tunnels with filling height. The results obtained include:(1) The tunnel cross-section form has a great influence on earth pressure,and the influence varies under different foundation stiffnesses. The vertical earth pressure on the top axis of open-cut tunnel with arched cross-section is greater than that of open-cut tunnel with rectangular cross-section.(2) The variations of conplane vertical earth pressures of arched open-cut tunnel with rigid foundation and flexible foundation present a decreasing-gentle trend and a decreasing-increasing-gentle trend,respectively; and that of rectangular open-cut tunnel presents an increasing-decreasing-gentle trend.(3) Two arches are presented as the distribution forms of the conplane horizontal earth pressures of open-cut tunnel with rigid foundation,while only one arch is appeared above the top of open-cut tunnel with flexible foundation.(4) The soil displacements of rectangular and arched open-cut tunnels with rigid foundation present a W shape and a dual-V shape from the top to 0. 6 times tunnel height,respectively; they present a V shape in the range of 0. 6 to 3 times tunnel height,and no relative settlement occurs above 3 times tunnel height; the soil displacements of rectangular and arched open-cut tunnels with flexible foundation present a V shape in the range of 0 to 3 times tunnel height,and no relative settlement occurs above3 times tunnel height.
The model test and numerical simulation are adopted to study the variation rule of earth pressure of rectangular and arched open-cut tunnels with filling height. The results obtained include:(1) The tunnel cross-section form has a great influence on earth pressure,and the influence varies under different foundation stiffnesses. The vertical earth pressure on the top axis of open-cut tunnel with arched cross-section is greater than that of open-cut tunnel with rectangular cross-section.(2) The variations of conplane vertical earth pressures of arched open-cut tunnel with rigid foundation and flexible foundation present a decreasing-gentle trend and a decreasing-increasing-gentle trend,respectively; and that of rectangular open-cut tunnel presents an increasing-decreasing-gentle trend.(3) Two arches are presented as the distribution forms of the conplane horizontal earth pressures of open-cut tunnel with rigid foundation,while only one arch is appeared above the top of open-cut tunnel with flexible foundation.(4) The soil displacements of rectangular and arched open-cut tunnels with rigid foundation present a W shape and a dual-V shape from the top to 0. 6 times tunnel height,respectively; they present a V shape in the range of 0. 6 to 3 times tunnel height,and no relative settlement occurs above 3 times tunnel height; the soil displacements of rectangular and arched open-cut tunnels with flexible foundation present a V shape in the range of 0 to 3 times tunnel height,and no relative settlement occurs above3 times tunnel height.
引文
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[8]吕佼佼,李永刚.涵顶形状对土压力的影响[J].中外公路,2013,33(4):27.LYU Jiaojiao,LI Yonggang. Influence of culvert roof shape on earth pressure[J]. Journal of China&Foreign Highway,2013,33(4):27.
[9]吕佼佼.洞型对涵洞土压力的影响研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2013.LYU Jiaojiao. Study of soil pressure of culvert with different shapes[D]. Taiyuan:Taiyuan University of Technology,2013.
[10]周世生.高路堤涵洞空间竖向压力理论及结构型式优化研究[D].西安:长安大学,2008.ZHOU Shisheng. Research on the spatial dimension vertical pressure and structure type optimization of high road embankment culvert[D]. Xi'an:Chang'an University,2008.
[11]李继伟.高填方涵洞结构型式优化设计研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2006.LI Jiwei. The optimized design study of the structure type for the high fill culverts[D]. Changchun:Jilin University,2006.
[12]高彦婷.不同形状涵洞垂直土压力的研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2009.GAO Yanting. Study of vertical soil pressure of culvert with different types[D]. Taiyuan:Taiyuan University of Technology,2009.
[13]周文欢.高填路堤下涵洞结构型式研究[D].西安:长安大学,2006.ZHOU Wenhuan. Study of culverts pattern under high-filled embankment[D]. Xi'an:Chang'an University,2006.
[14]李盛,王起才,马莉,等.高填黄土明洞土拱效应及土压力减载模型分析[J].土木工程学报,2014,47(7):118.LI Sheng,WANG Qicai,MA Li,et al. Model analysis of earth pressure load reduction and soil arch effect for high fill open cut tunnel in loess area[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal,2014,47(7):118.
[15]李盛,马莉,王起才,等.考虑二期荷载的高填明洞加筋减载土压力计算[J].岩土力学,2015,36(11):3229.LI Sheng,MA Li,WANG Qicai,et al. Calculation of the earth pressure on the high fill open-cut tunnel with loadreduction reinforcement considering secondary loading[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(11):3229.
[16]李盛,李善珍,王起才,等. EPS板卸载的高填黄土明洞模型试验和数值模拟分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(增刊1):3394.LI Sheng,LI Shanzhen,WANG Qicai,et al. Unloading model test and numerical simulation analysis on high fill loess open cut tunnel with EPS[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(S1):3394.
[17]王明年,徐湉源,于丽,等.考虑基础刚度的新型高填方双层衬砌式明洞的动态力学特性[J].中国铁道科学,2017,38(1):68.WANG Mingnian,XU Tianyuan,YU Li,et al. Dynamic mechanical property of new type of high fill open cut tunnel with bi-layer lining considering foundation stiffness[J].China Railway Science,2017,38(1):68.
[2]顾安全.上埋式管道及洞室垂直土压力的研究[J].岩土工程学报,1981,3(1):3.GU Anquan. Investigation of vertical earth pressure on projecting conduit and underground chamber under a high embankment[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1981,3(1):3.
[3]王晓谋,顾安全.上埋式管道垂直土压力的减荷措施[J].岩土工程学报,1990,12(3):83.WANG Xiaomou, GU Anquan. Research on load-reducing measures for vertical earth pressure on top-buried pipes[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1990,12(3):83.
[4]杨锡武,张永兴.公路高填方涵洞土压力变化规律及计算方法研究[J].土木工程学报,2005,38(9):119.YANG Xiwu,ZHANG Yongxing. A study of the earth pressure theory for high fill culverts[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal,2005,38(9):119.
[5]李永刚,李珠,张善元.矩形沟埋涵洞顶部垂直土压力[J].工程力学,2008,25(1):155.LI Yonggang,LI Zhu,ZHANG Shanyuan. Earth pressure on the top of rectangular trench-buried culverts[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(1):155.
[6]郑俊杰,陈保国,张世飙.沟埋式涵洞非线性土压力试验研究与数值模拟[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(12):1771.ZHENG Junjie, CHEN Baoguo, ZHANG Shibiao.Experimental investigation and numerical simulation of nonlinear earth pressure for trench-buried culverts[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2008, 30(12):1771.
[7]陈保国,郑俊杰,张世飙,等.高路堤下涵洞地基处理现场测试与数值模拟研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(5):1483.CHEN Baoguo,ZHENG Junjie,ZHANG Shibiao,et al.Field test and numerical simulation of ground treatment for culverts under high embankments[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(5):1483.
[8]吕佼佼,李永刚.涵顶形状对土压力的影响[J].中外公路,2013,33(4):27.LYU Jiaojiao,LI Yonggang. Influence of culvert roof shape on earth pressure[J]. Journal of China&Foreign Highway,2013,33(4):27.
[9]吕佼佼.洞型对涵洞土压力的影响研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2013.LYU Jiaojiao. Study of soil pressure of culvert with different shapes[D]. Taiyuan:Taiyuan University of Technology,2013.
[10]周世生.高路堤涵洞空间竖向压力理论及结构型式优化研究[D].西安:长安大学,2008.ZHOU Shisheng. Research on the spatial dimension vertical pressure and structure type optimization of high road embankment culvert[D]. Xi'an:Chang'an University,2008.
[11]李继伟.高填方涵洞结构型式优化设计研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2006.LI Jiwei. The optimized design study of the structure type for the high fill culverts[D]. Changchun:Jilin University,2006.
[12]高彦婷.不同形状涵洞垂直土压力的研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2009.GAO Yanting. Study of vertical soil pressure of culvert with different types[D]. Taiyuan:Taiyuan University of Technology,2009.
[13]周文欢.高填路堤下涵洞结构型式研究[D].西安:长安大学,2006.ZHOU Wenhuan. Study of culverts pattern under high-filled embankment[D]. Xi'an:Chang'an University,2006.
[14]李盛,王起才,马莉,等.高填黄土明洞土拱效应及土压力减载模型分析[J].土木工程学报,2014,47(7):118.LI Sheng,WANG Qicai,MA Li,et al. Model analysis of earth pressure load reduction and soil arch effect for high fill open cut tunnel in loess area[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal,2014,47(7):118.
[15]李盛,马莉,王起才,等.考虑二期荷载的高填明洞加筋减载土压力计算[J].岩土力学,2015,36(11):3229.LI Sheng,MA Li,WANG Qicai,et al. Calculation of the earth pressure on the high fill open-cut tunnel with loadreduction reinforcement considering secondary loading[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(11):3229.
[16]李盛,李善珍,王起才,等. EPS板卸载的高填黄土明洞模型试验和数值模拟分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(增刊1):3394.LI Sheng,LI Shanzhen,WANG Qicai,et al. Unloading model test and numerical simulation analysis on high fill loess open cut tunnel with EPS[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(S1):3394.
[17]王明年,徐湉源,于丽,等.考虑基础刚度的新型高填方双层衬砌式明洞的动态力学特性[J].中国铁道科学,2017,38(1):68.WANG Mingnian,XU Tianyuan,YU Li,et al. Dynamic mechanical property of new type of high fill open cut tunnel with bi-layer lining considering foundation stiffness[J].China Railway Science,2017,38(1):68.