自然语言建筑设计规范条文的规则表达式自动提取方法
|
摘要
基于BIM的建筑专业施工图合规性自动审查改变了传统的人工审图模式,提高了审图效率。其中关键步骤是将自然语言建筑设计规范条文转换为计算机可理解并执行的格式,即提取建筑设计规范条文的规则表达式。人工提取过程效率低且容易出错,为此,本文借助上下文无关文法对自然语言建筑设计规范条文进行语法分析,得出计算机可理解的知识内容。对最小的语法单位语素进行分析,将名词、情态词、比较词以计算机可理解的表达构建语素库;按照动词表现关系将规范分成五类,推导出各类规范规则表达式的提取方法及其判断依据,并构建方法库。实现了规范条文规则表达式的自动提取,为建立基于BIM的建筑专业施工图合规性自动审查系统打下坚实基础。
The BIM-based automatic compliance examination system of construction drawings changed the traditional manual review mode,improved drawing efficiency. One of the key steps is to translate natural language architectural design rules into a computer understandable and executable format,that is,to extract the rules of architectural design rules syntax. In order to solve the inefficiency and error-prone of the manual extraction,this paper,with the aid of context-free grammar,analyzes the grammatical rules of architectural design written by natural language,and then gets the knowledge content that could be understood by computer. The smallest grammatical unit, morphemes are analyzed,and the nouns,modal verbs and comparison words construct a morpheme library with computer-understandable expressions. The criterion is divided into five categories,based on the relations expressed by the verbs,and the extraction method and thesis of judgement of various standard syntaxes are derived,so that the method library is built. The automatic extraction of the rules of syntax is implemented,which lays a solid foundation for the establishment of BIM-based automatic compliance examination system of construction drawings.
The BIM-based automatic compliance examination system of construction drawings changed the traditional manual review mode,improved drawing efficiency. One of the key steps is to translate natural language architectural design rules into a computer understandable and executable format,that is,to extract the rules of architectural design rules syntax. In order to solve the inefficiency and error-prone of the manual extraction,this paper,with the aid of context-free grammar,analyzes the grammatical rules of architectural design written by natural language,and then gets the knowledge content that could be understood by computer. The smallest grammatical unit, morphemes are analyzed,and the nouns,modal verbs and comparison words construct a morpheme library with computer-understandable expressions. The criterion is divided into five categories,based on the relations expressed by the verbs,and the extraction method and thesis of judgement of various standard syntaxes are derived,so that the method library is built. The automatic extraction of the rules of syntax is implemented,which lays a solid foundation for the establishment of BIM-based automatic compliance examination system of construction drawings.
引文
[1]Lee H,Lee J K,Park S,et al.Translating building legislation into a computer-executable format for evaluating building permit requirements[J].Automation in Construction,2016,71:49-61.
[2]Park S,Lee J K.KBim Code-based Applications for the Representation,Definition and Evaluation of Building Permit Rules[C]//Proceedings of 33rdInternational Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction.Auburn:ISARC,2016:1-8.
[3]Lee J M.Automated Checking of Building Requirements on Circulation over a Range of Design Phases[D].Atlanta:Georgia Institute of Technology,2010.
[4]Zhang S,Teizer J,Lee J K,et al.Building information modeling(BIM)and safety:Automatic safety checking of construction models and schedules[J].Automation in Construction,2013,29:183-195.
[5]Uhm M,Lee G,Park Y,et al.Requirements for computational rule checking of requests for proposals(RF-Ps)for building designs in South Korea[J].Advanced Engineering Informatics,2015,29:602-615.
[6]Guo H L,Yu Y T,Zhang W S,et al.BIM and safety rules based automated identification of unsafe design factors in construction[J].Procedia Engineering,2016,164:467-472.
[7]Nawari N O.Automated Code Checking in BIM Environment[C]//Proceedings of the 14thInternational Conference on Computing in Civil and Building Engineering.Moscow:2012:27-29.
[8]Zhang J,El-Gohary N M.Semantic NLP-based information extraction from construction regulatory documents for automated compliance checking[J].Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering,2016,30(2):04015014-1-14.
[9]Zhong B T,Ding L Y,Luo H B,et al.Ontology-based semantic modeling of regulation constraint for automated construction quality compliance checking[J].Automation in Construction,2012,28:58-70.
[10]胡云忠,骆汉宾,钟波涛,等.基于本体的建筑质量管理规范建模与检索研究[J].土木工程与管理学报,2012,29(4):94-99.
[11]胡海盟.建筑工程质量验收规范知识建模与抽取研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2014.
[12]蒋鹏,谭宏礼.建筑设计规范自动审查技术的应用模型[J].工业建筑,2005,35(5):47-49.
[13]李飒.基于GATE的中文信息抽取系统的开发和实现[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2006.
[14]孙澄宇,柯勋.建筑设计中BIM模型的自动规范检查方法研究[J].建筑科学,2016,32(4):140-145.
[2]Park S,Lee J K.KBim Code-based Applications for the Representation,Definition and Evaluation of Building Permit Rules[C]//Proceedings of 33rdInternational Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction.Auburn:ISARC,2016:1-8.
[3]Lee J M.Automated Checking of Building Requirements on Circulation over a Range of Design Phases[D].Atlanta:Georgia Institute of Technology,2010.
[4]Zhang S,Teizer J,Lee J K,et al.Building information modeling(BIM)and safety:Automatic safety checking of construction models and schedules[J].Automation in Construction,2013,29:183-195.
[5]Uhm M,Lee G,Park Y,et al.Requirements for computational rule checking of requests for proposals(RF-Ps)for building designs in South Korea[J].Advanced Engineering Informatics,2015,29:602-615.
[6]Guo H L,Yu Y T,Zhang W S,et al.BIM and safety rules based automated identification of unsafe design factors in construction[J].Procedia Engineering,2016,164:467-472.
[7]Nawari N O.Automated Code Checking in BIM Environment[C]//Proceedings of the 14thInternational Conference on Computing in Civil and Building Engineering.Moscow:2012:27-29.
[8]Zhang J,El-Gohary N M.Semantic NLP-based information extraction from construction regulatory documents for automated compliance checking[J].Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering,2016,30(2):04015014-1-14.
[9]Zhong B T,Ding L Y,Luo H B,et al.Ontology-based semantic modeling of regulation constraint for automated construction quality compliance checking[J].Automation in Construction,2012,28:58-70.
[10]胡云忠,骆汉宾,钟波涛,等.基于本体的建筑质量管理规范建模与检索研究[J].土木工程与管理学报,2012,29(4):94-99.
[11]胡海盟.建筑工程质量验收规范知识建模与抽取研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2014.
[12]蒋鹏,谭宏礼.建筑设计规范自动审查技术的应用模型[J].工业建筑,2005,35(5):47-49.
[13]李飒.基于GATE的中文信息抽取系统的开发和实现[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2006.
[14]孙澄宇,柯勋.建筑设计中BIM模型的自动规范检查方法研究[J].建筑科学,2016,32(4):140-145.