北运河表层水体中微量有机污染物分布特征及潜在风险
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摘要
采集北运河北关闸到甘棠坝河段表层水体5个断面的河水样品,分别利用配有不同色谱柱的HPLC-MS与GC-MS对43种药品及个人护理品(PPCPs)、6种环境雌激素(EEs)和15种邻苯二甲酸酯类(PAEs)进行了检测分析.发现河段表层水体中含有22种PPCPs、3种EEs和6种PAEs,检出指标浓度范围分别为N.D.～1210、N.D.～175和N.D.～638 ng·L~(-1),且咖啡因、双酚A和邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯分别为3类中浓度最高的污染物.采用风险商值模型评价了残留污染物对河流生态环境的影响,结果表明双氯芬酸、布洛芬、氧氟沙星、雌酮、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯和邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯对北关闸到甘棠坝水体生态环境具有中等风险.与国内其他水域、珠江三角洲以及北运河水系其他河段相比,北关闸到甘棠坝段表层水中微量有机物PPCPs浓度处于中低水平,EEs和PAEs浓度处于较低水平.
Water samples from five cross sections of Beiyun River(Beiguan Gate to Gantang Dam) were collected. Forty-three pharmaceutical and personal care products(PPCPs), six environmental estrogens(EEs) and fifteen phthalates(PAEs) were analyzed by HPLC-MS and GC-MS coupled with different chromatographic columns. Twenty-two PPCPs, three EEs and six PAEs were detected with their concentrations in range of N.D.～1210, N.D.～175 and N.D.～638 ng·L~(-1), respectively. Among the three kinds of micropollutants, caffeine, bisphenol A, and di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate were present in the highest concentrations. Further risk assessment results show that diclofenac, ibuprofen, ofloxacin, estrone, diisobutyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate and di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate exhibit medium risk to microorganisms in river. The PPCPs concentration in the studied sections of Beiyun River ranked at medium or low levels as compared to that in Pearl River Delta and other water bodies of China, while the EEs and PAEs concentration ranked at low levels.
Water samples from five cross sections of Beiyun River(Beiguan Gate to Gantang Dam) were collected. Forty-three pharmaceutical and personal care products(PPCPs), six environmental estrogens(EEs) and fifteen phthalates(PAEs) were analyzed by HPLC-MS and GC-MS coupled with different chromatographic columns. Twenty-two PPCPs, three EEs and six PAEs were detected with their concentrations in range of N.D.～1210, N.D.～175 and N.D.～638 ng·L~(-1), respectively. Among the three kinds of micropollutants, caffeine, bisphenol A, and di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate were present in the highest concentrations. Further risk assessment results show that diclofenac, ibuprofen, ofloxacin, estrone, diisobutyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate and di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate exhibit medium risk to microorganisms in river. The PPCPs concentration in the studied sections of Beiyun River ranked at medium or low levels as compared to that in Pearl River Delta and other water bodies of China, while the EEs and PAEs concentration ranked at low levels.
引文
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王卓.2015.典型PPCPs在深圳河流域分布迁移特征及控制技术研究[D].北京:清华大学
徐维海.2007.典型抗生素类药物在珠江三角洲水环境中的分布、行为与归宿[D].广州:中国科学院广州地球化学研究
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张盼伟.2013.海河流域污染状况与健康风险研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学
张姚姚.2017.污染场地中氟喹诺酮类抗生素的风险评价、污染行为及控制研究[D].上海:东华大学
周志洪,赵建亮,魏晓东,等.2017.珠江广州段水体抗生素的复合污染特征及其生态风险[J].生态环境学报,26(6):1034-1041
白竞楠.2015.中国河流抗生素污染地图发布[J].北京科技报,6:29-44
曹莹.2008.北京公园水环境中邻苯二甲酸酯的分析检测及污染研究[D].北京:北京工业大学
Dai G H,Wang B,Huang J,et al.2015.Occurrence and source apportionment of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the Beiyun River of Beijing,China[J].Chemosphere,119:1033-1039
冯承莲,雷炳丽,王子健.2009.中国主要河流中多环芳烃生态风险的初步评价[J].中国环境科学,29(6):583-588
龚剑,冉勇,迪云,等.2011.珠江三角洲河流中的典型内分泌干扰物[C].广州:中国矿物岩石地球化学学会第13届学术年会论文集.412
郭广慧,吴丰昌,何宏平,等.2012.中国地表水体多环芳烃含量分布特征及其生态风险评价[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,42(5):680-691
郭婧,荆红卫,李金香,等.2012.北运河系地表水近10年来水质变化及影响因素分析[J].环境科学,33(5):1511-1518
韩文辉,赵颖,党晋华,等.2017.汾河流域邻苯二甲酸酯的分布特征及生态风险评价[J].环境化学,36(6):1377-1387
贺莹莹.2014.长江口水体极性有机污染物存在水平及生态风险评价[D].大连:大连理工大学
胡雄星,韩中豪,周亚康,等.2007.黄浦江表层水体中邻苯二甲酸酯的分布特征及风险评价[J].环境化学,26(2):258-259
纪建飞,孙佳,杜尔登,等.2017.11种典型PPCPs在污水处理厂尾水及其周围水体中的分布特征与生态风险评估[J].安全与环境工程,24(6):56-61
Kasprzykhordern B,Dinsdale R M,Guwy A J.2008.The occurrence of pharmaceuticals,personal care products,endocrine disruptors and illicit drugs in surface water in South Wales,UK[J].Water Research,42(13):3498-3518
Kolpin D W,Furlong E T,Meyer M T.2002.Pharmaceuticals,hormones,and other organic wastewater contaminants in U.S.streams,1999-2000:A national reconnaissance[J].Environment Science Technology,36:1202-1211
雷炳莉,黄圣彪,王东红,等.2008.温榆河沉积物中6种雌激素的存在状况[D].环境科学,29(9):2419-2424
李婷.2014.珠江河口水体和沉积物中6种邻苯二甲酸酯污染及初步风险评价[D].广州:暨南大学
刘叶新,周志洪,区晖,等.2018.珠江广州河段沉积物中典型抗生素的污染特征[J].华南师范大学学报(自然科学版),50(4):48-54
孟悦,苗长春,李垒,等.2016.北运河干流入河排水口调查与评价[J].给水排水,42:17-19
沙玉娟,夏星辉,肖翔群.2006.黄河中下游水体中邻苯二甲酸酯的分布特征[J].中国环境科学,26(1):120-124
时瑶,马迎群,秦延文,等.2016.大辽河表层水中邻苯二甲酸酯分布特征及环境健康风险评价[J].生态毒理学报,11(6):197-206
隋苗苗.2008.邻苯二甲酸醋类物质在北运河及潮白河中污染水平的研究[D].大连:大连理工大学
孙洪芹.2016.低污染水中个人护理用品的生态毒性评价[D].南京:东南大学
Tamtam F,Mercier F,Le Bot B,et al.2008.Occurrence and fate of antibiotics in the Seine River in various hydrological conditions[J].Science of the Total Environment,393(1):84-95
Tan R J,Liu R X,Li B,et al.2018.Typical endocrine disrupting compounds in rivers of Northeast China:occurrence,partitioning,and risk aseessment[J].Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,75(2):213-223
Wang L,Ying G G,Chen F,et al.2012b.Monitoring of selected estrogenic compounds and estrogenic activity in surface water and sediment of the Yellow River in China using combined chemical and biological tools[J].Environment Pollution,165:241-249
Wang Y H,Wang Q Y,Hu L F,et al.2015.Occurrence of estrogens in water,sediment and biota and their ecological risk in Northern Taihu Lake in China[J].Environment Geochemcal Healthy,37:147-156
WERF(Water Environment Research Foundation).1996.Aquatic ecological risk assessment:a multi-tiered approach:Project 91-AER-1[M].Alexandria:Water Environment Research Foundation
汪浩,冯承莲,郭广慧,等.2013.我国淡水水体中双酚A(BPA)的生态风险评价[J].环境科学,34(6):2319-2328
王卓.2015.典型PPCPs在深圳河流域分布迁移特征及控制技术研究[D].北京:清华大学
徐维海.2007.典型抗生素类药物在珠江三角洲水环境中的分布、行为与归宿[D].广州:中国科学院广州地球化学研究
张盼伟,周怀东,赵高峰,等.2017.北京城区水体中PPCPs的分布特征及潜在风险[J].环境科学,38(5):1852-1862
张盼伟.2013.海河流域污染状况与健康风险研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学
张姚姚.2017.污染场地中氟喹诺酮类抗生素的风险评价、污染行为及控制研究[D].上海:东华大学
周志洪,赵建亮,魏晓东,等.2017.珠江广州段水体抗生素的复合污染特征及其生态风险[J].生态环境学报,26(6):1034-1041