川滇黔接壤区MVT铅锌矿床年代学研究进展及成矿构造背景
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摘要
川滇黔接壤区处于扬子地块西南缘,经历过复杂的地质演化过程并分布有大量的大中型MVT铅锌矿床。对该区MVT铅锌矿床成矿年代学研究开展的大量工作成果显示该区至少经历过2次铅锌成矿事件,分别处于晚泥盆世-晚石炭世和中三叠世-早侏罗世。早期成矿事件与古特提斯洋的扩张(382～328 Ma)密切相关,在伸展构造环境下形成天宝山、大梁子、毛坪等矿床。晚期成矿事件与古特提斯洋闭合、印支期强烈挤压造山运动阶段(245～205 Ma)相对应,在挤压构造环境下形成会泽、茂租、金沙厂等矿床。不同地质背景下形成的矿床在控矿构造性质、矿体赋存规律等方面具有较大差别。在对川滇黔接壤区MVT铅锌矿床成矿时空分布规律总结的基础上,结合该区区域构造演化、矿床的控矿构造特征以及矿体赋存规律,探讨了该区不同时期控制MVT铅锌矿床形成的成矿构造环境。
The border area of Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou lies on the southwestern margin of the Yangtze block.It has undergone complicated geological evolution and is distributed with a large number of large and medium-sized MVT lead-zinc deposits. Previous researches were conducted on the mineralization chronology of the MVT lead-zinc deposit in the area. The result shows that the area has experienced at least two lead-zinc mineralization events, one in the Late Devonian-Late Carboniferous and the other in Middle Triassic-Early Jurassic. The early metallogenic event is closely related to the expansion of the ancient Tethys Ocean(382-328 Ma), and the extensional tectonic setting formed the deposits of Tianbaoshan, Daliangzi and Maoping. The late metallogenic event corresponds to the closure of the ancient Tethys Ocean and the strong orogenic stage of the Indosinian period(245-205 Ma). The extruded tectonic setting formed the deposits of Huize, Maozu, Jinshachang etc. The deposits formed under different geological backgrounds have great differences in the nature of ore-controlling structures and the occurrence of ore bodies. Based on the summary of the temporal and spatial distribution of MVT lead-zinc deposits in the area, together withthe regional tectonic evolution, the ore-controlling characteristics of the deposits and the occurrence of ore bodies,we discuss the ore-forming tectonic environment in different periods.
The border area of Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou lies on the southwestern margin of the Yangtze block.It has undergone complicated geological evolution and is distributed with a large number of large and medium-sized MVT lead-zinc deposits. Previous researches were conducted on the mineralization chronology of the MVT lead-zinc deposit in the area. The result shows that the area has experienced at least two lead-zinc mineralization events, one in the Late Devonian-Late Carboniferous and the other in Middle Triassic-Early Jurassic. The early metallogenic event is closely related to the expansion of the ancient Tethys Ocean(382-328 Ma), and the extensional tectonic setting formed the deposits of Tianbaoshan, Daliangzi and Maoping. The late metallogenic event corresponds to the closure of the ancient Tethys Ocean and the strong orogenic stage of the Indosinian period(245-205 Ma). The extruded tectonic setting formed the deposits of Huize, Maozu, Jinshachang etc. The deposits formed under different geological backgrounds have great differences in the nature of ore-controlling structures and the occurrence of ore bodies. Based on the summary of the temporal and spatial distribution of MVT lead-zinc deposits in the area, together withthe regional tectonic evolution, the ore-controlling characteristics of the deposits and the occurrence of ore bodies,we discuss the ore-forming tectonic environment in different periods.
引文
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[8] Yin M D,Li W B,Sun X W.Rb-Sr isotopic dating of sphalerite from the giant Huize Zn-Pb ore field,Yunnan Province,Southwestern China[J].Chinese Journal of Geochemistry,2009,28(1):70-75.
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[12] 韩润生,王峰,胡煜昭,等.会泽型(HZT)富锗银铅锌矿床成矿构造动力学研究及年代学约束[J].大地构造与成矿学,2014,38(4):758-771.
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[14] 沈战武,金灿海,代堰锫,等.滇东北毛坪铅锌矿床的成矿时代:闪锌矿Rb-Sr定年[J].高校地质学报,2016,22(2):213-218.
[15] Liu W H,Zhang X J,Zhang J,et al.Sphalerite Rb-Sr dating and in-situ sulfur isotope analysis of the Daliangzi lead-zinc deposit in the Sichuan Province,SW China[J].Journal of Earth Science,2018,29(3):573-586.
[16] 王健.中上扬子地台西南缘大型铅锌矿床定位规律研究[D].武汉:中国地质大学(武汉),2018.
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[18] 林方成.扬子地台西缘大渡河谷超大型层状铅锌矿床地质地球化学特征及成因[J].地质学报,2005,8(4):540-556,583-584.
[19] 高建国,王峰,罗大峰,等.川滇黔接壤区构造格局对铅锌矿床的控制规律分析[J].矿物学报,2011,31(增刊1):196-197.
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[24] 李艳军,魏俊浩.铅锌矿床中微量元素富集及关键测试技术研究新进展[J].地质科技情报,2014,33(1):191-198.
[25] Chesley J T,Halliday A N,Kyser T K,et al.Direct dating of Mississippi Valley-type mineralization:Using of Sm-Nd in fluorite[J].Economic Geology,1994,89:1192-1199.
[26] 黄智龙,陈进,韩润生,等.云南会泽超大型铅锌矿床地球化学及成因:兼论峨眉山玄武岩与铅锌成矿关系[M].北京:地质出版社,2004.
[27] 刘峰.云南会泽大型铅锌矿床成矿机制及锗的赋存状态[D].北京:中国地质科学院,2005.
[28] 张长青,毛景文,刘峰,等.云南会泽铅锌矿床黏土矿物K-Ar测年及其地质意义[J].矿床地质,2005,24(3):317-324.
[29] Li W B,Huang Z L,Yin M D.Dating of the giant Huize Zn-Pb ore field of Yunnan Province,Southwest China:Constraints from the Sm-Nd system in hydrothermal calcite[J].Resource Geology,2006,57(1):90-97.
[30] 吴越.川滇黔地区MVT铅锌矿床大规模成矿作用的时代与机制[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2013.
[31] 张锋.四川天宝山铅锌矿床成因研究及区域成矿动力学背景探讨[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2017.
[32] 张云新,吴越,田广,等.云南乐红铅锌矿床成矿时代与成矿物质来源:Rb-Sr和S同位素制约[J].矿物学报,2014,34(3):305-311.
[33] Zhang C Q,Wu Y,Hou L,et al.Geodynamic setting of mineralization of Mississippi Valley-type deposits in world-class Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou Zn-Pb triangle,southwest China:Implications from age-dating studies in the past decade and the Sm-Nd age of Jinshachang deposit[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2015,103:103-114.
[34] 蔺志永,王登红,张长青.四川宁南跑马铅锌矿床的成矿时代及其地质意义[J].中国地质,2010,37(2):488-494.
[35] 耿元生,杨崇辉,王新社,等.扬子地台西缘结晶基底的时代[J].高校地质学报,2007,13(3):429-441.
[36] 简平,刘敦一,张旗,等.蛇绿岩及蛇绿岩中浅色岩的SHRIMP U-Pb测年[J].地学前缘,2003,10(4):439-456.
[37] Jian P,Liu D Y,Kroner A,et al.Devonian to Permian plate tectonic cycle of the paleo-Tethys orogen in Southwest China (I):Geochemistry of ophiolites,arc/back-arc assemblages and within plate igneous rocks[J].Lithos,2009,113(3/4):748-766.
[38] 黄福喜.中上扬子地台克拉通盆地沉积层序充填过程与演化模式[D].成都:成都理工大学,2011.
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