水玻璃和玻璃纤维联合改良砂质黏性紫色土抗剪强度研究
|
摘要
为探究水玻璃、氯化钙与玻璃纤维联合作用对砂质黏性紫色土抗剪强度的影响,进行了不固结不排水三轴室内试验,探讨了不同质量分数的水玻璃溶液和氯化钙溶液(两种溶液质量分数为1:1)、不同质量分数的纤维以及两种溶液和纤维联合作用对土体强度的影响。结果表明:水玻璃溶液和氯化钙溶液的作用使内摩擦角逐渐增大,黏聚力变化不明显。土体中掺入纤维后,黏聚力显著增大,内摩擦角也逐步增加,当纤维掺量为0.8%时,黏聚力达到最大。当在质量分数均为20%的两种溶液改良土中掺入纤维时,在溶液和纤维共同作用下,土体的偏应力曲线随着纤维含量的增大而逐渐上升,黏聚力进一步增大,至纤维掺量为0.8%时达到最大,而内摩擦角变化幅度微弱。土体的黏聚力和内摩擦角是其颗粒结构性和抗侵蚀性的重要指标,研究结果可为砂质黏性紫色土地区通过改良土防治水土流失的方法提供科学依据。
【Objective】Purple soil, a kind of sandy cohesive soil developed from purple sandy mudstone of the Shaximiao Formation of the Jurassic under frequent weathering and erosion, is widely distributed in regions of Chongqing and Sichuan. It is prone to disasters, such as shallow landslides and soil erosion. Purple soil is closely related to engineering construction, but at present there are few researches in the engineering field paying attention to any engineering properties of purple soil. In view of the fact that the soil is prone to geological disasters, it is particularly urgent to study how to reinforce purple soil in construction projects. Though the traditional cement reinforcement is not bad in effect when compared with other reinforcement ways, it will bring about damages to the soil sources. For instance, once reinforced with cement, the soil can never be used again for plant cultivation. In recent years, a novel soil reinforcing technology has emerged and is going to be more and more popular because it is environment-friendly and very good in effect on improving soil strength. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore effect of the use of a mixture of sodium silicate solution, calcium chloride solution and glass fiber on shearing strength of the soil relative to ratio of the three components.【Method】an experiment was conducted in a triaxial chamber that can keep the material therein free from consolidation and drainage, to explore effect of the mixture on soil shearing strength, relative to ratio of the mixture. In the mixture sodium silicate solution and calcium chloride solution, set as 1:1 in ratio, was blended with glass fiber varying in addition rate.【Result】 Results show that sodium silicate solution and calcium chloride solution acted jointly to gradually increased internal friction angle of the soil, but did not affect much its cohesion. When fiber was added in, cohesion significantly increased, and internal friction angle did too, though gradually. When fiber was added alone at a rate of 0.8%, Cohesion of the soil was maximized. When fiber was blended with the soil already treated with the two kinds of solutions at a rate of 20%, deviatoric stress curve of the soil rose gradually with rising glass fiber addition rate, and cohesion of the soil further increased too till fiber addition rate reached 0.8%, however internal friction angle of the soil did not very much.【Conclusion】As cohesion and internal friction angle of a soil are two important indicators of granular structure and erosion resistance of the soil, the research is expected to be able to serve as a scientific basis for control of soil erosion in sand-clayey purple soil areas though modification of the soil.
【Objective】Purple soil, a kind of sandy cohesive soil developed from purple sandy mudstone of the Shaximiao Formation of the Jurassic under frequent weathering and erosion, is widely distributed in regions of Chongqing and Sichuan. It is prone to disasters, such as shallow landslides and soil erosion. Purple soil is closely related to engineering construction, but at present there are few researches in the engineering field paying attention to any engineering properties of purple soil. In view of the fact that the soil is prone to geological disasters, it is particularly urgent to study how to reinforce purple soil in construction projects. Though the traditional cement reinforcement is not bad in effect when compared with other reinforcement ways, it will bring about damages to the soil sources. For instance, once reinforced with cement, the soil can never be used again for plant cultivation. In recent years, a novel soil reinforcing technology has emerged and is going to be more and more popular because it is environment-friendly and very good in effect on improving soil strength. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore effect of the use of a mixture of sodium silicate solution, calcium chloride solution and glass fiber on shearing strength of the soil relative to ratio of the three components.【Method】an experiment was conducted in a triaxial chamber that can keep the material therein free from consolidation and drainage, to explore effect of the mixture on soil shearing strength, relative to ratio of the mixture. In the mixture sodium silicate solution and calcium chloride solution, set as 1:1 in ratio, was blended with glass fiber varying in addition rate.【Result】 Results show that sodium silicate solution and calcium chloride solution acted jointly to gradually increased internal friction angle of the soil, but did not affect much its cohesion. When fiber was added in, cohesion significantly increased, and internal friction angle did too, though gradually. When fiber was added alone at a rate of 0.8%, Cohesion of the soil was maximized. When fiber was blended with the soil already treated with the two kinds of solutions at a rate of 20%, deviatoric stress curve of the soil rose gradually with rising glass fiber addition rate, and cohesion of the soil further increased too till fiber addition rate reached 0.8%, however internal friction angle of the soil did not very much.【Conclusion】As cohesion and internal friction angle of a soil are two important indicators of granular structure and erosion resistance of the soil, the research is expected to be able to serve as a scientific basis for control of soil erosion in sand-clayey purple soil areas though modification of the soil.
引文
[1]曲涛,范晓秋,刘鑫.水泥砂浆固化土抗压强度特性试验.河海大学学报(自然科学版),2012,40(2):173-179Qu T,Fan X Q,Liu X.Compressive strength characteristics of cement mortar stabilized soil(In Chinese).Journal of Hohai University(Natural Science),2012,40(2):173-179
[2]吕擎峰,申贝,王生新,等.水玻璃固化硫酸盐渍土强度特性及固化机制研究.岩土力学,2016,37(3):687-693LüQ F,Shen B,Wang S X,et al.Study on strength characteristics and curing mechanism of water-saturated sulfated saline soil(In Chinese).Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(3):687-693
[3]张雁,康雪成,郭利勇.石灰煤矸石改良膨胀土工程特性研究.硅酸盐通报,2015,34(9):2720-2724Zhang Y,Kang X C,Guo L Y.Study on engineering characteristics of expansive soil modified with lime coal gangue(In Chinese).Chinese Bulletin of Silicate,2015,34(9):2720-2724
[4]李广信,陈轮,郑继勤,等.纤维加筋粘性土的试验研究.水利学报,1995(6):31-36Li G X,Chen L,Zheng J Q,et al.Experimental study on fiber reinforced geosynthetic soils(In Chinese).Chinese Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1995(6):31-36
[5]介玉新,李广信.纤维加筋土计算方法的研究.土木工程学报,1999,32(5):51-55Jie Y X,Li G X.Study on calculation method of fiber reinforced soil(In Chinese).China Civil Engineering Journal,1999,32(5):51-55
[6]介玉新,李广信.纤维加筋粘性土边坡的模型试验和计算分析.清华大学学报(自然科学版),1999,39(11):25-28Jie Y X,Li G X.Model test and computational analysis of fiber reinforced clay soil slope(In Chinese).Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology),1999,39(11):25-28
[7]魏丽,柴寿喜,蔡宏洲,等.麦秸秆加筋滨海盐渍土的抗剪强度与偏应力应变.土木工程学报,2012,45(1):109-114Wei L,Chai S X,Cai H Z,et al.Shear strength and deviatoric stress and strain of coastal saline soil reinforced by wheat straw(In Chinese).China Civil Engineering Journal,2012,45(1):109-114
[8]璩继立,俞汉宁,江海洋,等.棕榈丝与麦秸秆丝加筋土无侧限抗压强度比较.地下空间与工程学报,2015,11(5):1216-1220Zhai J L,Yu H N,Jiang H Y,et al.Comparison of unconfined compressive strength of palm silk and wheat straw fiber reinforced soil(In Chinese).Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2015,11(5):1216-1220
[9]Yetimoglu T,Salbas O.A study on shear strength of sands reinforced with randomly distributed discrete fibers.Geotextiles and Geomembranes,2003,21(2):103-110
[10]Yetimoglu T,Inanir M,Esatinanir O.A study on bearing capacity of randomly distributed fiber-reinforced sand fills overlying soft clay.Geotextiles and Geomembranes,2005,23(2):174-183
[11]Mohamed A E M K.Improvement of swelling clay properties using hay fibers.Construction and Building Materials,2013,38:242-247
[12]崔明娟,郑俊杰,章荣军,等.化学处理方式对微生物固化砂土强度影响研究.岩土力学,2015,36:392-396Cui M J,Zheng J J,Zhang R J,et al.Effect of chemical treatment methods on the strength of microbe-cured sands(In Chinese).Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36:392-396
[13]邵光辉,尤婷,赵志峰,等.微生物注浆固化粉土的微观结构与作用机理.南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2017,41(2):129-135Shao G H,You T,Zhao Z F,et al.Microstructure and action mechanism of microbiological grouting solidified silt(In Chinese).Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Science Edition),2017,41(2):129-135
[14]Cayan D R,Bromirski P D,Hayhoe K,et al.Climate change projections of sea level extremes along the California coast.Climatic Change,2008,87(S1):57-73
[15]Dejong J T,Mortensen B M,Martinez B C,et al.Bio-mediated soil improvement.Ecological Engineering,2010,36(2):197-210
[16]杜嘉鸿,泰明武,肖荣久.国外化学灌浆教程.北京:中国水利水电出版社,1987Du J H,Tai M W,Xiao R J.A foreign course of chemical grouting(In Chinese).Beijing:China Water&Power Press,1987
[17]刘嘉材.化学注浆.北京:中国水利水电出版社,1987Liu J C.Chemical grouting(In Chinese).Beijing:China Water&Power Press,1987
[18]坪井直夫.化学灌浆法的实际应用.吴永宽译.北京:煤炭工业出版社,1980Keisuke T.Practical application of chemical grouting method(In Chinese).Wu Y K trans.Beijing:Coal Industry Press,1980
[19]朱纯熙,卢晨,季敦生.水玻璃砂基础理论.上海:上海交通大学出版社,2000:16-34Zhu C X,Lu C,Ji D S.Basic theory of water glass sand(In Chinese).Shanghai:Shanghai Jiaotong University Press,2000:16-34
[20]贺行洋,陈益民,张文生,等.膨胀土化学固化现状及展望.硅酸盐学报,2003,31(11):1101-1106He X Y,Chen Y M,Zhang W S,et al.Status quo and prospect of chemical solidification of expansive soils(In Chinese).Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2003,31(11):1101-1106
[21]肖尊群,刘宝琛,乔世范,等.碳酸钙-酸性水玻璃注浆材料对比试验.中南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,41(6):2305-2312Xiao Z Q,Liu B C,Qiao S F,et al.Contrast experiment of calcium carbonate-acidic water glass grouting material(In Chinese).Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2010,41(6):2305-2312
[22]尹亚雄,王生新,韩文峰,等.加气硅化黄土的微结构研究.岩土力学,2008,29(6):1629-1633Yin Y X,Wang S X,Han W F,et al.Microstructure of aerated silicified loess(In Chinese).Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(6):1629-1633
[23]Kazemian S,Prasad A,Huat B B K,et al.Influence of cement-sodium silicate grout admixed with calcium chloride and kaolinite on sapric peat.Journal of Civil Engineering and Management,2011,17(3):309-318
[24]宋金岩,孙红,葛修润,等.玻璃纤维加筋土强度特征试验研究.中外公路,2012,32(5):261-264Song J Y,Sun H,Ge X R,et al.Experimental study on strength characteristics of glass fiber reinforced soil(In Chinese).Chinese and Foreign Highways,2012,32(5):261-264
[2]吕擎峰,申贝,王生新,等.水玻璃固化硫酸盐渍土强度特性及固化机制研究.岩土力学,2016,37(3):687-693LüQ F,Shen B,Wang S X,et al.Study on strength characteristics and curing mechanism of water-saturated sulfated saline soil(In Chinese).Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(3):687-693
[3]张雁,康雪成,郭利勇.石灰煤矸石改良膨胀土工程特性研究.硅酸盐通报,2015,34(9):2720-2724Zhang Y,Kang X C,Guo L Y.Study on engineering characteristics of expansive soil modified with lime coal gangue(In Chinese).Chinese Bulletin of Silicate,2015,34(9):2720-2724
[4]李广信,陈轮,郑继勤,等.纤维加筋粘性土的试验研究.水利学报,1995(6):31-36Li G X,Chen L,Zheng J Q,et al.Experimental study on fiber reinforced geosynthetic soils(In Chinese).Chinese Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1995(6):31-36
[5]介玉新,李广信.纤维加筋土计算方法的研究.土木工程学报,1999,32(5):51-55Jie Y X,Li G X.Study on calculation method of fiber reinforced soil(In Chinese).China Civil Engineering Journal,1999,32(5):51-55
[6]介玉新,李广信.纤维加筋粘性土边坡的模型试验和计算分析.清华大学学报(自然科学版),1999,39(11):25-28Jie Y X,Li G X.Model test and computational analysis of fiber reinforced clay soil slope(In Chinese).Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology),1999,39(11):25-28
[7]魏丽,柴寿喜,蔡宏洲,等.麦秸秆加筋滨海盐渍土的抗剪强度与偏应力应变.土木工程学报,2012,45(1):109-114Wei L,Chai S X,Cai H Z,et al.Shear strength and deviatoric stress and strain of coastal saline soil reinforced by wheat straw(In Chinese).China Civil Engineering Journal,2012,45(1):109-114
[8]璩继立,俞汉宁,江海洋,等.棕榈丝与麦秸秆丝加筋土无侧限抗压强度比较.地下空间与工程学报,2015,11(5):1216-1220Zhai J L,Yu H N,Jiang H Y,et al.Comparison of unconfined compressive strength of palm silk and wheat straw fiber reinforced soil(In Chinese).Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2015,11(5):1216-1220
[9]Yetimoglu T,Salbas O.A study on shear strength of sands reinforced with randomly distributed discrete fibers.Geotextiles and Geomembranes,2003,21(2):103-110
[10]Yetimoglu T,Inanir M,Esatinanir O.A study on bearing capacity of randomly distributed fiber-reinforced sand fills overlying soft clay.Geotextiles and Geomembranes,2005,23(2):174-183
[11]Mohamed A E M K.Improvement of swelling clay properties using hay fibers.Construction and Building Materials,2013,38:242-247
[12]崔明娟,郑俊杰,章荣军,等.化学处理方式对微生物固化砂土强度影响研究.岩土力学,2015,36:392-396Cui M J,Zheng J J,Zhang R J,et al.Effect of chemical treatment methods on the strength of microbe-cured sands(In Chinese).Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36:392-396
[13]邵光辉,尤婷,赵志峰,等.微生物注浆固化粉土的微观结构与作用机理.南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2017,41(2):129-135Shao G H,You T,Zhao Z F,et al.Microstructure and action mechanism of microbiological grouting solidified silt(In Chinese).Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Science Edition),2017,41(2):129-135
[14]Cayan D R,Bromirski P D,Hayhoe K,et al.Climate change projections of sea level extremes along the California coast.Climatic Change,2008,87(S1):57-73
[15]Dejong J T,Mortensen B M,Martinez B C,et al.Bio-mediated soil improvement.Ecological Engineering,2010,36(2):197-210
[16]杜嘉鸿,泰明武,肖荣久.国外化学灌浆教程.北京:中国水利水电出版社,1987Du J H,Tai M W,Xiao R J.A foreign course of chemical grouting(In Chinese).Beijing:China Water&Power Press,1987
[17]刘嘉材.化学注浆.北京:中国水利水电出版社,1987Liu J C.Chemical grouting(In Chinese).Beijing:China Water&Power Press,1987
[18]坪井直夫.化学灌浆法的实际应用.吴永宽译.北京:煤炭工业出版社,1980Keisuke T.Practical application of chemical grouting method(In Chinese).Wu Y K trans.Beijing:Coal Industry Press,1980
[19]朱纯熙,卢晨,季敦生.水玻璃砂基础理论.上海:上海交通大学出版社,2000:16-34Zhu C X,Lu C,Ji D S.Basic theory of water glass sand(In Chinese).Shanghai:Shanghai Jiaotong University Press,2000:16-34
[20]贺行洋,陈益民,张文生,等.膨胀土化学固化现状及展望.硅酸盐学报,2003,31(11):1101-1106He X Y,Chen Y M,Zhang W S,et al.Status quo and prospect of chemical solidification of expansive soils(In Chinese).Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2003,31(11):1101-1106
[21]肖尊群,刘宝琛,乔世范,等.碳酸钙-酸性水玻璃注浆材料对比试验.中南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,41(6):2305-2312Xiao Z Q,Liu B C,Qiao S F,et al.Contrast experiment of calcium carbonate-acidic water glass grouting material(In Chinese).Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2010,41(6):2305-2312
[22]尹亚雄,王生新,韩文峰,等.加气硅化黄土的微结构研究.岩土力学,2008,29(6):1629-1633Yin Y X,Wang S X,Han W F,et al.Microstructure of aerated silicified loess(In Chinese).Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(6):1629-1633
[23]Kazemian S,Prasad A,Huat B B K,et al.Influence of cement-sodium silicate grout admixed with calcium chloride and kaolinite on sapric peat.Journal of Civil Engineering and Management,2011,17(3):309-318
[24]宋金岩,孙红,葛修润,等.玻璃纤维加筋土强度特征试验研究.中外公路,2012,32(5):261-264Song J Y,Sun H,Ge X R,et al.Experimental study on strength characteristics of glass fiber reinforced soil(In Chinese).Chinese and Foreign Highways,2012,32(5):261-264