浅析《高逸图》所反映的唐末魏晋审美风尚的回归
摘要
魏晋时期社会动荡,南北经济发展不平衡,在文学艺术上,也在一定程度上形成了南北不同的精神面貌。在思想意识方面,儒学失去了绝对的统治地位,玄学开始出现,玄学清谈之风的大兴,使不少文人儒学之士放迹山林,希望在山中领略玄趣。于1962年5月发掘的在江苏南京的西善桥宫山北麓墓,发现了令人震惊的大幅砖画《竹林七贤与荣启期》,竹林七贤是西晋的七位文人嵇康、阮籍、刘伶、向秀、山涛、阮咸、王戎,加以春秋时代的隐士荣启期。同样,位于唐代的末期"丰腴华贵"之美已随着唐代的没落逐渐被魏晋遗风所取代,魏晋时代的审美品藻重新回归到人们是视野,人们开始在精神上寻找寄托,《高逸图》是最能代表这个时期艺术精神的人物画。这幅作品的传世表达了唐末人们面临着与魏晋同样的衰败动乱,而思想精神上产生的向竹林隐士的回归的情绪。
In the period of wei and jin,the society was in turmoil and the economic development between the north and the south was unbalanced.In terms of ideology,Confucianism lost its absolute dominant position,and metaphysics began to emerge.With the flourishing of the style of idle talk on metaphysics,many scholars of Confucianism left the mountains and hoped to appreciate the mysterious interest in the mountains.Excavated in May 1962 at the tomb at the northern foot of xishan bridge palace hill in nanjing,jiangsu province,a shocking large brick painting "seven sages of bamboo grove and the period of prosperity"was found.The seven sages of bamboo grove were seven scholars of the western jin dynasty,ji kang,ruan ji,liu ling,xiang xiu,shan tao,ruan xian and wang rong,and they were recluses of the spring and autumn period.Similarly,at the end of the tang dynasty,the beauty of "rich and luxurious"has been gradually replaced by the style of wei and jin dynasties with the decline of the tang dynasty.The aesthetic taste of the wei and jin dynasties has returned to people's vision and people began to find sustenance in spirit.The legacy of this work expresses that people in the late tang dynasty faced the same decline and turmoil as those in the wei and jin dynasties,and they felt the return of bamboo hermits in mind and spirit.
In the period of wei and jin,the society was in turmoil and the economic development between the north and the south was unbalanced.In terms of ideology,Confucianism lost its absolute dominant position,and metaphysics began to emerge.With the flourishing of the style of idle talk on metaphysics,many scholars of Confucianism left the mountains and hoped to appreciate the mysterious interest in the mountains.Excavated in May 1962 at the tomb at the northern foot of xishan bridge palace hill in nanjing,jiangsu province,a shocking large brick painting "seven sages of bamboo grove and the period of prosperity"was found.The seven sages of bamboo grove were seven scholars of the western jin dynasty,ji kang,ruan ji,liu ling,xiang xiu,shan tao,ruan xian and wang rong,and they were recluses of the spring and autumn period.Similarly,at the end of the tang dynasty,the beauty of "rich and luxurious"has been gradually replaced by the style of wei and jin dynasties with the decline of the tang dynasty.The aesthetic taste of the wei and jin dynasties has returned to people's vision and people began to find sustenance in spirit.The legacy of this work expresses that people in the late tang dynasty faced the same decline and turmoil as those in the wei and jin dynasties,and they felt the return of bamboo hermits in mind and spirit.
引文
[1]申祖胜.魏晋风度竹林七贤,中州古籍出版社,2014-5-1:13.
[2]陈圣宇.竹林七贤若干问题的研究.南京师范大学,2004:27.
[3]罗晋文.网络亚文化——魏晋风度的谜米.青春岁月,2011:1.
[4]葛路.中国绘画美学范畴体系.北京大学出版社.
[5]马良怀,魏晋风流.华中师范大学出版社.
[6]金维诺.中国美术史——魏晋至隋唐.中国人民大学出版社.
[7]刘强.魏晋风流十讲.中国青年出版社.
[8]陈圣宇.竹林七贤若干问题的研究.南京师范大学.
[2]陈圣宇.竹林七贤若干问题的研究.南京师范大学,2004:27.
[3]罗晋文.网络亚文化——魏晋风度的谜米.青春岁月,2011:1.
[4]葛路.中国绘画美学范畴体系.北京大学出版社.
[5]马良怀,魏晋风流.华中师范大学出版社.
[6]金维诺.中国美术史——魏晋至隋唐.中国人民大学出版社.
[7]刘强.魏晋风流十讲.中国青年出版社.
[8]陈圣宇.竹林七贤若干问题的研究.南京师范大学.
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