《素问·脏气法时论》五脏苦欲补泻理论探析
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摘要
文章通过考察五脏苦欲补泻理论中五味、苦欲、补泻、脏的对象及概念,比较并分析4个概念间的关系,进一步分析《素问·脏气法时论》五脏苦欲补泻理论内涵。笔者发现五味的对象为天地之化生的精气;苦欲的对象为五脏的病理生理状态;补泻的对象为调整气机的偏倾路径;脏为脏器,其功能为储藏天地精气的库藏。五脏苦欲补泻理论是基于天人一体的整体观念而建立,其方式为阴阳五行归类思维,运用五行生克理论,根据脏自身的特性,假借中药的五味,调整人体气机升降出入方式,达到调整五脏虚实的一种药物治疗学理论。因此,厘清这一点,有利于更加深入地学习《黄帝内经》理论及其治疗体系的内涵,以及对五脏苦欲补泻的诊疗思路,明确其临床价值,对当今中医临床工作者的临床实践提供指导。
To clarify the connotation of the theory of ‘the five zang viscera like or dislike tonifying and purgative' in Suwen · Zangqi Fashi Lun, this paper studies the concepts of five flavors, like or dislike tonifying and purgative, and viscera. The relationship among the four concepts is compared and analyzed. The five flavors are the essence of the world; the objects of like or dislike is the pathophysiological state of the five internal organs; the object of tonifying and purgative is the path of adjusting the bias of the airframe. The establishment of ‘five internal organs' is based on the holistic idea of the corresponding human and the human body, which is based on the thinking of five elements classification, using the theory of ‘five elements', according to its own physiological and pathological features. Therefore, to clarify this point is conducive to further study of the theory of internal classics and the connotation of its treatment system, and to further study of the diagnosis and treatment ideas in Huangdi Neijing for the purging and filling of the five zang viscera, so as to clarify its clinical value and provide guidance for the clinical practice of current clinical practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine.
To clarify the connotation of the theory of ‘the five zang viscera like or dislike tonifying and purgative' in Suwen · Zangqi Fashi Lun, this paper studies the concepts of five flavors, like or dislike tonifying and purgative, and viscera. The relationship among the four concepts is compared and analyzed. The five flavors are the essence of the world; the objects of like or dislike is the pathophysiological state of the five internal organs; the object of tonifying and purgative is the path of adjusting the bias of the airframe. The establishment of ‘five internal organs' is based on the holistic idea of the corresponding human and the human body, which is based on the thinking of five elements classification, using the theory of ‘five elements', according to its own physiological and pathological features. Therefore, to clarify this point is conducive to further study of the theory of internal classics and the connotation of its treatment system, and to further study of the diagnosis and treatment ideas in Huangdi Neijing for the purging and filling of the five zang viscera, so as to clarify its clinical value and provide guidance for the clinical practice of current clinical practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine.
引文
[1]翟双庆.论五脏苦欲补泻.中国中医药报,2012-6-8(005)
[2]郭永胜,张思超.论五味理论的起源与形成.中华中医药杂志,2018,33(8):3242-3245
[3]张卫.“五味”理论溯源及明以前中药“五味”理论系统之研究.北京:中国中医科学院,2012
[4]邢玉瑞.《内经》论五味.中国中医药报,2007-1-25(005)
[5]李成卫,王庆国.脏象的含义与肝脏象理论的历史演变.世界中医药,2015,10(11):1641-1644,1649
[6]刘晓明,鞠宝兆.浅解《黄帝内经》的补泻.辽宁中医杂志,2017,44(6):1157-1159
[7]王洪弘,李成卫,王庆国,等.阴阳五行学说与肝脏象理论的三次变革.世界中医药,2015,10(11):1675-1679
[8]张大魁.《黄帝内经》五味补泻理论及五味补泻图构思.浙江中医药大学学报,2013,37(7):845-847
[2]郭永胜,张思超.论五味理论的起源与形成.中华中医药杂志,2018,33(8):3242-3245
[3]张卫.“五味”理论溯源及明以前中药“五味”理论系统之研究.北京:中国中医科学院,2012
[4]邢玉瑞.《内经》论五味.中国中医药报,2007-1-25(005)
[5]李成卫,王庆国.脏象的含义与肝脏象理论的历史演变.世界中医药,2015,10(11):1641-1644,1649
[6]刘晓明,鞠宝兆.浅解《黄帝内经》的补泻.辽宁中医杂志,2017,44(6):1157-1159
[7]王洪弘,李成卫,王庆国,等.阴阳五行学说与肝脏象理论的三次变革.世界中医药,2015,10(11):1675-1679
[8]张大魁.《黄帝内经》五味补泻理论及五味补泻图构思.浙江中医药大学学报,2013,37(7):845-847