生物质炭深度还原铜熔渣的特性
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摘要
研究以生物质炭为还原剂,直接熔融深度还原铜熔渣中的有价金属的过程。对比分析生物质炭与煤粉在铜熔渣熔池熔炼还原过程的还原特性,探讨研究熔池温度、生物质炭添加量、反应时间等影响因素对熔渣中有价金属铁的价态改变及迁移规律的影响机制。研究结果表明:生物质炭能够有效替代传统煤质还原剂,实现铜熔渣的深度还原。在生物质炭含碳与铜熔渣全铁的物质的量比为1.375:1,反应温度为1 300℃时,金属铁的还原率可达95%以上,铜的还原率达到98%以上,生物质炭的利用率为90%。
The process of reducing the valuable metal was studied in smelting copper slag by direct reduction of biochar. The reduction characteristics of biochar and pulverized coal were analyzed acting on smelting copper slag. Some influence factors were studied on the change mechanism of iron valence and the influence mechanism of valuable metal iron in slag, such as the reaction temperature, the carbon/slag mass-ratio and the reaction time. The results show that the biochar can effectively replace coal as the reducing agent to achieve the depth reduction of copper slag. When the mole ratio of the biochar to the iron element of the copper slag is 1.375:1 at the reaction temperature of 1 300 ℃, the metallization rate of iron and copper can achieve over 95% and 98% respectively, and the utilization rate of biochar is 90%.
The process of reducing the valuable metal was studied in smelting copper slag by direct reduction of biochar. The reduction characteristics of biochar and pulverized coal were analyzed acting on smelting copper slag. Some influence factors were studied on the change mechanism of iron valence and the influence mechanism of valuable metal iron in slag, such as the reaction temperature, the carbon/slag mass-ratio and the reaction time. The results show that the biochar can effectively replace coal as the reducing agent to achieve the depth reduction of copper slag. When the mole ratio of the biochar to the iron element of the copper slag is 1.375:1 at the reaction temperature of 1 300 ℃, the metallization rate of iron and copper can achieve over 95% and 98% respectively, and the utilization rate of biochar is 90%.
引文
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[3]李磊,王华,胡建杭,等.铜渣综合利用的研究进展[J].冶金能源,2009,28(1):44-48.LI Lei,WANG Hua,HU Jianhang,et al.Study development of the comprehensive utilization of copper slag[J].Energy for Metallurgical Industry,2009,28(1):44-48.
[4]PRINCE S,GARY W,GUOJUN M,et al.Carbothermal reduction of copper smelter slag for recycling into pig iron and glass[J].Minerals Engineering,2017,107(6):8-19.
[5]ZHANG Jun,QI Yuanhong,YAN Dingliu,et al.Characteristics and mechanism of reduction and smelting-separation process of copper slag[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International,2015,22(2):121-127.
[6]卜庆洁,罗思义,马晨,等.生物质焦油还原多孔铁矿粉试验研究[J].矿产综合利用,2015,43(2):1-3.BU Qingjie,LUO Siyi,MA Chen,et al.Experimental study of biomass tar reduction of iron ore[J].Research on Iron and Steel,2015,43(2):1-3.
[7]韩宏亮,苑鹏,段东平,等.生物质用于转底炉直接还原工艺研究[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2015,38(5):164-170.HAN Hong Iiang,YUAN Peng,DUAN Dongping,et al.Application of biomass to the RHF direct reduction process[J].Journal of Chongqing University(Natural Science Edition),2015,38(5):164-170.
[8]许焕斌,刘慧利,李昂,等.铜渣催化气化木屑的实验研究和热力学分析[J].化工进展,2016,35(10):3142-3148.XU Huanbin,LIU Huili,LI Ang,et al.Experiment and thermodynamic analysis of the sawdust catalytic gasification with copper slag[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2016,35(10):3142-3148.
[9]杨慧芬,景丽丽,党春阁.铜渣中铁组分的直接还原与磁选回收[J].中国有色金属学报,2011,21(5):1165-1170.YANG Huifen,JING Lili,DANG Chunge.Iron recovery from copper-slag with lignite-based direct reduction followed by magnetic separation[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2011,21(5):1165-1170.
[10]代书华.有色冶金概论[M].2版.北京:冶金工业出版社,2015:28-44.DAI Shuhua.An Introduction to non-ferrous metals metallurgy[M].2nd ed.Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2015:28-44.
[11]蔚俊强,李磊,谢晓峰,等.煤在铜渣熔融还原铁尾渣降温中的热解特性[J].过程工程学报,2015,15(4):620-625.YU Junqiang,LI Lei,XIE Xiaofeng,et al.Pyrolysis characteristics of coal in cooling process of copper slag molten reduction tailings[J].The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering,2015,15(4):620-625.
[12]LI Mi,PENG Bing,CHAI Liyuan.Recovery of iron from zinc leaching residue by selective reduction roasting with carbon[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2012,237(20):323-330.
[13]孙体昌,及亚娜,蒋曼.煤种对红土镍矿中镍选择性还原的影响机理[J].北京科技大学学报,2011,33(10):1197-1203.SUN Tichang,JI Yana,JIANG Man.Influence mechanism of different types of coal on selective nickle reduction in nickel laterite reduction roasting[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering,2011,33(10):1197-1203.
[14]许继芳.外加直流电场熔渣脱氧过程中氧传递机理研究[D].上海:上海大学材料科学与工程学院,2012:34-55.XU Jifang.Study on mechanism of oxygen transfer in deoxidization by molten slag with external DC electric field[D].Shanghai:Shanghai University.School of Materials Science and Engineering,2012:34-55.
[15]UEDA S,WATANADE K,YANAGIYA K.Improvement of reactivity of carbon iron ore composite with biomass char for blast furnace[J].ISIJ international,2009,499(10):1505-1512.
[16]郭伟强.分析化学手册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2016:35-47.GUO Weiqiang.Analytical chemistry handbook[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2016:35-47.