内混式空气雾化喷嘴雾化特性及降尘效率研究
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摘要
为了掌握内混式空气雾化喷嘴喷雾特性及降尘性能,借助自主研发的喷雾降尘实验平台,对内混式空气雾化喷嘴与X旋流型压力喷嘴流量、雾化角、射程、雾滴体积分数、雾滴粒径、雾滴速度等喷雾特性参数及降尘效率进行了实测,并对实验结果作对比分析。结果表明:随着供水压力的增加,内混式空气雾化喷嘴水流量和气流量分别呈指数形式递增和递减,气液质量流量比不断下/2次方成正比。随着供水压力的增加,2种喷嘴的雾化射程、雾滴体积分数及雾滴速度均增大。X旋流型压力喷嘴雾化角明显大于空气雾化喷嘴,其喷雾作用范围更宽;随着供水压力的不断提高,空气雾化喷嘴雾化角呈现先增大后减小的变化规律,而压力喷嘴则一直以较小的幅度不断减小。空气雾化喷嘴由于有压缩空气作为助力,在供水压力较低时能获得较为理想雾滴粒径,且随着供水压力的增大,雾滴粒径不断增大;普通压力喷嘴的雾化粒径随着供水压力的提高而减小,且需在较高的供水压力下才能获得理想的雾滴粒径。在相同的供水压力下,空气雾化喷嘴雾滴粒径和水流量均小于压力喷嘴,而雾滴体积分数、雾滴速度及降尘效率均高于压力喷雾。气水喷雾较压力喷雾具有明显的优势,获得相同的降尘效率,气水喷雾耗水量仅约为压力喷雾的一半。
In order to study the spray characteristics and dust removal properties of internal-mixing air atomizing nozzle,based on the experimental platform designed by authors for spray and dust removal,the dust removal efficiencies and spray performance parameters of the internal-mixing air atomizing nozzle and the X-type swirl pressure nozzle were measured. The spray performance parameters measured in the experiment include flow rate,droplet size,droplet volume concentration,spray angle and droplet velocity. The study results indicate that the water flow rate of air atomizing nozzle appears exponential growth with the increase of water supply pressure,and the air flow rate decreases in the way of exponential. The air-liquid mass flow ration(ALR) decreases with the increase of water supply pressure. For the pressure nozzle,the water flow rate increases with the increase of the water supply pressure,and the water flow rate is proportional to the square root of water pressure. With the increase of water supply pressure,the spray range,droplet volume concentration and droplet velocity of two kinds of nozzle all increase. The atomization angle of swirl pressure nozzle is significantly larger than that of air atomizing nozzle,which has wider coverage. As the water supply pressure increases,the atomization angle of atomizing nozzle increases first and then decreases,and it decreases continuously at a modest pace for the X-type swirl pressure nozzle. With the help of compressed air,the atomizing nozzle can acquire the ideal droplet size under low water pressure,and the droplet size increases with the increase of the water supply pressure. For the pressure nozzle,the droplet size shows a change rule of decreasing with the further increase of the water supply pressure,only when the water pressure is high can reach the appropriate droplet size. Under the same water pressure,the droplet size and water flow rate of air atomizing nozzle are both less than those of pressure nozzle,but the droplet volume concentration,droplet velocity and dust removal efficiency are all higher than those of pressure nozzle.Compared with the pressure spray,the air-water spray has a significant advantage. For the same dust removal efficiency,the water consumption of air-water spray is merely half of those of pressure spray.
In order to study the spray characteristics and dust removal properties of internal-mixing air atomizing nozzle,based on the experimental platform designed by authors for spray and dust removal,the dust removal efficiencies and spray performance parameters of the internal-mixing air atomizing nozzle and the X-type swirl pressure nozzle were measured. The spray performance parameters measured in the experiment include flow rate,droplet size,droplet volume concentration,spray angle and droplet velocity. The study results indicate that the water flow rate of air atomizing nozzle appears exponential growth with the increase of water supply pressure,and the air flow rate decreases in the way of exponential. The air-liquid mass flow ration(ALR) decreases with the increase of water supply pressure. For the pressure nozzle,the water flow rate increases with the increase of the water supply pressure,and the water flow rate is proportional to the square root of water pressure. With the increase of water supply pressure,the spray range,droplet volume concentration and droplet velocity of two kinds of nozzle all increase. The atomization angle of swirl pressure nozzle is significantly larger than that of air atomizing nozzle,which has wider coverage. As the water supply pressure increases,the atomization angle of atomizing nozzle increases first and then decreases,and it decreases continuously at a modest pace for the X-type swirl pressure nozzle. With the help of compressed air,the atomizing nozzle can acquire the ideal droplet size under low water pressure,and the droplet size increases with the increase of the water supply pressure. For the pressure nozzle,the droplet size shows a change rule of decreasing with the further increase of the water supply pressure,only when the water pressure is high can reach the appropriate droplet size. Under the same water pressure,the droplet size and water flow rate of air atomizing nozzle are both less than those of pressure nozzle,but the droplet volume concentration,droplet velocity and dust removal efficiency are all higher than those of pressure nozzle.Compared with the pressure spray,the air-water spray has a significant advantage. For the same dust removal efficiency,the water consumption of air-water spray is merely half of those of pressure spray.
引文
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[13]曹建明,朱辉,郭广祥,等.空气助力改善液滴雾化质量的研究[J].实验流体力学,2013,27(1):56-60,87.CAO Jianming,ZHU Hui,GUO Guangxiang,et al.Study on assistant to improve quality of droplet atomization[J].Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics,2013,27(1):56-60,87.
[14]吉晓莉,陈家炎,赵云惠.内混式空气雾化喷嘴的研究[J].武汉工业大学学报,1998,20(3):47-49.JI Xiaoli,CHEN Jiayan,ZHAO Yunhui.Study on internal blend airblast atomizer[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,1998,20(3):47-49.
[15]郑斌,姬丽霞,路春美,等.电厂SCR空气雾化喷嘴的雾化特性研究[J].环境工程,2009,27(3):79-86.ZHENG Bin,JI Lixia,LU Chunmei,et al.Study on atomization characteristics of the SCR airblast atomizer in electric power plant[J].Environment Engineering,2009,27(3):79-86.
[16]王鹏飞,刘荣华,桂哲,等.煤矿井下气水喷雾雾化特性及降尘效率理论研究[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(9):2256-2272.WANG Pengfei,LIU Ronghua,GUI Zhe,et al.Theoretical research on atomization characteristics and dust suppression efficiency of airwater spray in underground coal mine[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(9):2256-2272.
[17]宋文超,阚景文,王明,等.气水喷雾降尘系统在采煤机上的应用研究[J].工业安全与环保,2015,41(8):60-64.SONG Wenchao,KAN Jingwen,WANG Ming,et al.Study on application of gas-water spraying dust suppression system in coal mining machines[J].Industrial Safety and Environment Protection,2015,41(8):60-64.
[18]蒋仲安,王明,陈举师,等.气水喷雾雾化特征及降尘效果分析[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2017,49(2):151-157.JIANG Zhong’an,WANG Ming,CHEN Jushi,et al.Atomization characteristics and dust suppression mechanism of a gas-water nozzle[J].Journal of Harbin Institute Technology,2017,49(2):151-157.
[19]句海洋,凌标灿,彭驰,等.综掘工作面机载气水两相喷雾装置的应用[J].煤炭工程,2015,47(4):131-133.JU Haiyang,LING Biaocan,PENG Chi,et al.Application of waterair two-phase spray device on coal shearer in fully mechanized tunneling working site[J].Coal Engineering,2015,47(4):131-133.
[20]刘联胜,傅茂林,吴晋湘,等.气泡雾化喷嘴喷雾平均直径在下游流场中的分布[J].工程热物理学报,2001,22(5):653-656.LIU Liansheng,FU Maolin,WU Jinxiang,et al.The distribution of SMD downstream the discharge orifices of effervescent atomizers[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2001,22(5):653-656.
[21]曹建明.喷雾学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005:116-156.
[22]聂涛,高贵军.压力旋流喷嘴雾化特性实验研究[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(7):162-165.NIE Tao,GAO Guijun.An experimental study on the spray characteristics of pressure swirl nozzle[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(7):162-165.
[2]周福宝,李建龙,李世航,等.综掘工作面干式过滤除尘技术实验研究及实践[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(3):639-645.ZHOU Fubao,LI Jianlong,LI Shihang,et al.Experimental investigation and application of dry-type filtering dust collection technology in fully mechanized excavation face[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(3):639-645.
[3]周刚,张琦,程卫民,等.煤矿锚喷作业区喷浆粉尘数值模拟与新型湿喷一体机研制[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,47(2):606-614.ZHOU Gang,ZHANG Qi,CHENG Weimin,et al.Numerical simulation on gunite dust of bolt-shotcrete operating area in coal mine and development of new wet spraying integral machine[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2016,47(2):606-614.
[4]ZHOU Gang,ZHANG Qi,BAI Ruonan,et al.Characterization of coal micro-pore structure and simulation on the seepage rules of low-pressure water based on CT scanning data[J].Minerals,2016,6(3):1-16.
[5]NIE Wen,CHENG Weimin,HAN Li,et al.Simulation on dissolute and dust dispersion in comprehensive mechanized heading face with forced-exhaust ventilation[J].Journal of Coal Science and Engineering,2011,17(3):298-304.
[6]李德文,马俊,刘何清.煤矿粉尘及职业病防治技术[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2007.
[7]许满贵,刘欣凯,文新强.煤矿综掘工作面高效喷雾降尘系统[J].湖南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015,30(2):1-7.XU Mangui,LIU Xinkai,WEN Xinqiang.Full-mechanized excavation face efficient sprinkler&dust fall system[J].Journal of Hunan University of Science&Technology(Natural Science Edition),2015,30(2):1-7.
[8]王鹏飞,程卫民,周刚,等.供气压力对煤矿井下气水喷雾降尘的影响[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(S1):137-143.WANG Pengfei,CHENG Weiming,ZHOU Gang,et al.Influence of air supply pressure on the air-water spraying dust-settling in underground coal mine[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(S1):137-143.
[9]蒋仲安,王明,陈举师,等.气水喷雾雾化特征与降尘效果分析[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2017,49(2):151-157.JIANG Zhong’an,WANG Min,CHEN Jushi,et al.Atomization characteristics and dust suppression mechanism of a gas-water nozzle[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2017,49(2):151-157.
[10]DARIUSZ Prostanski.Using of air-water spraying systems for improving dust control in mines[J].Journal of Sustainable Mining,2013,12(2):29-34.
[11]RUI Ma,BO Dong,ZHONG Qiangyu,et al.An experimental study on the spray characteristics of the air-blast atomizer[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2015,88(12):149-156.
[12]RAJ Mohan Balakrisl,JAIN Rajnik,MEKA Bhim.Comprehensive analysis for prediction of dust removal efficiency using twin-fluid atomization in a spray scrubber[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2008,63(5):269-277.
[13]曹建明,朱辉,郭广祥,等.空气助力改善液滴雾化质量的研究[J].实验流体力学,2013,27(1):56-60,87.CAO Jianming,ZHU Hui,GUO Guangxiang,et al.Study on assistant to improve quality of droplet atomization[J].Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics,2013,27(1):56-60,87.
[14]吉晓莉,陈家炎,赵云惠.内混式空气雾化喷嘴的研究[J].武汉工业大学学报,1998,20(3):47-49.JI Xiaoli,CHEN Jiayan,ZHAO Yunhui.Study on internal blend airblast atomizer[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,1998,20(3):47-49.
[15]郑斌,姬丽霞,路春美,等.电厂SCR空气雾化喷嘴的雾化特性研究[J].环境工程,2009,27(3):79-86.ZHENG Bin,JI Lixia,LU Chunmei,et al.Study on atomization characteristics of the SCR airblast atomizer in electric power plant[J].Environment Engineering,2009,27(3):79-86.
[16]王鹏飞,刘荣华,桂哲,等.煤矿井下气水喷雾雾化特性及降尘效率理论研究[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(9):2256-2272.WANG Pengfei,LIU Ronghua,GUI Zhe,et al.Theoretical research on atomization characteristics and dust suppression efficiency of airwater spray in underground coal mine[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(9):2256-2272.
[17]宋文超,阚景文,王明,等.气水喷雾降尘系统在采煤机上的应用研究[J].工业安全与环保,2015,41(8):60-64.SONG Wenchao,KAN Jingwen,WANG Ming,et al.Study on application of gas-water spraying dust suppression system in coal mining machines[J].Industrial Safety and Environment Protection,2015,41(8):60-64.
[18]蒋仲安,王明,陈举师,等.气水喷雾雾化特征及降尘效果分析[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2017,49(2):151-157.JIANG Zhong’an,WANG Ming,CHEN Jushi,et al.Atomization characteristics and dust suppression mechanism of a gas-water nozzle[J].Journal of Harbin Institute Technology,2017,49(2):151-157.
[19]句海洋,凌标灿,彭驰,等.综掘工作面机载气水两相喷雾装置的应用[J].煤炭工程,2015,47(4):131-133.JU Haiyang,LING Biaocan,PENG Chi,et al.Application of waterair two-phase spray device on coal shearer in fully mechanized tunneling working site[J].Coal Engineering,2015,47(4):131-133.
[20]刘联胜,傅茂林,吴晋湘,等.气泡雾化喷嘴喷雾平均直径在下游流场中的分布[J].工程热物理学报,2001,22(5):653-656.LIU Liansheng,FU Maolin,WU Jinxiang,et al.The distribution of SMD downstream the discharge orifices of effervescent atomizers[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2001,22(5):653-656.
[21]曹建明.喷雾学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005:116-156.
[22]聂涛,高贵军.压力旋流喷嘴雾化特性实验研究[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(7):162-165.NIE Tao,GAO Guijun.An experimental study on the spray characteristics of pressure swirl nozzle[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(7):162-165.
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