雪茄茄衣晾制过程中烟叶颜色和含水量变化及其相关分析
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摘要
探究雪茄茄衣在晾制过程中外观颜色变化与内在水分含量之间的关系,为实现其晾制过程中的精准化操作提供参考。以德雪1号品种中部叶为试验材料,测定晾制过程中的烟叶外观参数及水分指标,对二者进行相关分析及逐步回归分析,并对回归方程预测结果加以验证。结果表明,烟叶在晾制过程中烟叶正面与背面各颜色参数变化趋势基本一致,且主要变化波动集中在晾制第3天至第8天期间。晾制过程中烟叶水分呈逐渐减小的趋势,且前期散失主要为自由水,而后为束缚水。相关分析表明,晾制期间各水分指标与颜色参数之间相关性较好,逐步回归方程达到极显著水平。因此,雪茄茄衣晾制期间颜色特征参数和水分含量之间相关性明显,可以用颜色特征参数作为辅助指标来判断烟叶水分含量。
The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between the color change of the cigar wrap and the internal moisture content during the airing process, and to provide a reference for the precise operation in the air-curing process. Using the middle leaves of Dexue No.1 as the test material, the appearance parameters and water indexes of tobacco leaves during the airing process were determined, and correlation analysis was carried out to establish a regression model and verify it. During the air-drying process, the change trend of the color parameters of the front and back of the tobacco leaves was basically the same, and the main fluctuations were concentrated during the third to eighth days of airing. During the airing process, the moisture content of tobacco leaves decreased gradually, and the main loss was free water at the early stage, then bound water. Correlation analysis showed that the correlation between the water indexes and the color parameters during the airing process was good, and the stepwise regression equation reached a very significant level. Therefore, the correlation between the color characteristic parameters and the moisture content during the airing of the cigar jacket is significant, and the color characteristic parameter can be used as an auxiliary index to judge the moisture content of the tobacco leaf.
The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between the color change of the cigar wrap and the internal moisture content during the airing process, and to provide a reference for the precise operation in the air-curing process. Using the middle leaves of Dexue No.1 as the test material, the appearance parameters and water indexes of tobacco leaves during the airing process were determined, and correlation analysis was carried out to establish a regression model and verify it. During the air-drying process, the change trend of the color parameters of the front and back of the tobacco leaves was basically the same, and the main fluctuations were concentrated during the third to eighth days of airing. During the airing process, the moisture content of tobacco leaves decreased gradually, and the main loss was free water at the early stage, then bound water. Correlation analysis showed that the correlation between the water indexes and the color parameters during the airing process was good, and the stepwise regression equation reached a very significant level. Therefore, the correlation between the color characteristic parameters and the moisture content during the airing of the cigar jacket is significant, and the color characteristic parameter can be used as an auxiliary index to judge the moisture content of the tobacco leaf.
引文
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[8]贺帆,王涛,王梅,等.烘烤过程中烟叶颜色变化与主要化学成分的关系[J].中国烟草学报,2014,35(6):97-102.HE F,WANG T,WANG M,et al.Relationship between color changes and chemical components of flue-cured tobacco leaves during curing[J].Acta Tabacaria Sinica,2014,35(6):97-102.
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[12]宫长荣,赵铭钦,汪耀富,等.不同烘烤条件下烟叶色素降解规律的研究[J].烟草科技,1997(2):33-34.GONG C R,ZHAO M Q,WANG Y F,et al.Study on degradation of tobacco leaves under different curing conditions[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,1997(2):33-34.
[13]李秀妮,乔保民,吴创,等.晾晒烟调制过程中酶促棕色化反应及调控方法[J].天津农业科学,2018,24(2):76-79.LI X N,QIAO B M,WU C,et al.Enzymatic browning reaction and its regulation method during the process of sun/air-cured tobacco[J].Tianjin Agricultural Sciences,2018,24(2):76-79.
[14]裴晓东,王涛,李帆,等.密集烘烤过程中烤烟上部叶颜色参数与主要化学成分变化[J].华北农学报,2012,27(S1):218-222.PEI X D,WANG T,LI F,et al.Relationship between changes of color parameters and chemical components of upper flue-cured tobacco leaves during bulk-curing process[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica,2012,27(S1):218-222.
[15]王涛,贺帆,詹军,等.密集烘烤过程中基于色度学和形态学的烤烟外观变化与化学成分关系[J].华中农业大学学报,2012,31(6):765-770.WANG T,HE F,ZHAN J,et al.Relationship between changes of appearance characteristics and chemical components of tobacco leaves based on colorimetry and morphology during bulk curing[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2012,31(6):765-770.
[16]王德宝,史宏志,杨兴有,等.不同晾房晾制期间温湿度差异及对白肋烟品质的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2011,19(6):1405-1411.WANG D B,SHI H Z,YANG X Y,et al.Temperature and relative humidity during air-curing and their effects on burley tobacco quality in different curing barns[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2011,19(6):1405-1411.
[17]贺帆,王涛,樊士军,等.基于色度学的密集烘烤过程中烟叶主要化学成分变化模型研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2014,42(5):111-118.HE F,WANG T,FAN S J,et al.Colorimetry based model for changes in chemical components of flue-cured tobacco leaves during bulk curing[J].Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition),2014,42(5):111-118.
[2]顾会战.调制温湿度条件对雪茄外包皮烟叶生理变化与理化特性的影响[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2006.GU H Z.Effects of temperature and humidity on physiological changes and physical and chemical characters of cigar-wrapper tobacco during curing[D].Zhengzhou:Henan Agricultural University,2006.
[3]蒋博文,马留军,陈小翔,等.上部烟叶带茎烘烤过程中呼吸强度及水分、色素含量的变化[J].河南农业科学,2018,47(1):145-149.JIANG B W,MA L J,CHEN X X,et al.Dynamic changes of respiration intensity,water and pigment contents in flue-curing of upper tobacco leaves with stalk[J].Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences,2018,47(1):145-149.
[4]柴家荣,李天飞,杨宏光,等.晾制期间白肋烟TN90叶绿体色素降解动态及呼吸强度的变化[J].烟草科技,2004(5):32-35.CHAI J R,LI T F,YANG H G,et al.Degradation of chloroplast pigments and change of respiratory intensity in TN90 during air-curing[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2004(5):32-35.
[5]魏硕,苏家恩,范志勇,等.变黄前期失水胁迫对烟叶烘烤特性的影响[J].南方农业学报,2017,48(2):309-313.WEI S,SU J E,FAN Z Y,et al.Effects of dehydration stress on flue-curing characteristics of tobacco leaves at early yellowing stage[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2017,48(2):309-313.
[6]戴培刚,陈爱国,谢利忠,等.几个烤烟品种成熟期及采后的色素和水分含量变化[J].中国烟草科学,2009,30(5):6-9.DAI P G,CHEN A G,XIE L Z,et al.Changes of pigment and water contents during ripeness and post-harvest stage for several flue-cured tobacco varieties[J].Chinese Tobacco Science,2009,30(5):6-9.
[7]邹宇航,唐义之,张华述,等.雪茄茄衣烟调制技术初探[J].中国农业信息,2015(1):83-84.ZOU Y H,TANG Y Z,ZHANG H S,et al.Preliminary study on modulation technology of cigar cigar smoke[J].China Agriculture Information,2015(1):83-84.
[8]贺帆,王涛,王梅,等.烘烤过程中烟叶颜色变化与主要化学成分的关系[J].中国烟草学报,2014,35(6):97-102.HE F,WANG T,WANG M,et al.Relationship between color changes and chemical components of flue-cured tobacco leaves during curing[J].Acta Tabacaria Sinica,2014,35(6):97-102.
[9]国家烟草专卖局.YC/T 31-1996烟草及烟草制品试样的制备和水分的测定-烘箱法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1996.State Tobacco Monopoly Administration.YC/T31-1996 Tobacco and tobacco products-preparation of test sample and determination of water content-over method[S].Beijing:China Standard Press,1996.
[10]聂荣邦,唐建文.烟叶烘烤特性研究I.烟叶自由水和束缚水含量与品种及烟叶着生部位和成熟度的关系[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2002,28(4):290-292.NIE R B,TANG J W.Studies on the leaf curing characteristics of flue-cured tobaccoⅠ.relationships between the free water,bound water and the variety,stalk position,maturity[J].Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition),2002,28(4):290-292.
[11]张清明,叶建如,靖军领,等.翠碧1号烟叶烘烤过程中色素降解及化学成分变化[J].中国烟草科学,2014,35(2):122-125.ZHANG Q M,YE J R,JING J L,et al.Pigment degradation and chemical component change during curing of flue-cured tobacco Cuibi 1[J].Chinese Tobacco Science,2014,35(2):122-125.
[12]宫长荣,赵铭钦,汪耀富,等.不同烘烤条件下烟叶色素降解规律的研究[J].烟草科技,1997(2):33-34.GONG C R,ZHAO M Q,WANG Y F,et al.Study on degradation of tobacco leaves under different curing conditions[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,1997(2):33-34.
[13]李秀妮,乔保民,吴创,等.晾晒烟调制过程中酶促棕色化反应及调控方法[J].天津农业科学,2018,24(2):76-79.LI X N,QIAO B M,WU C,et al.Enzymatic browning reaction and its regulation method during the process of sun/air-cured tobacco[J].Tianjin Agricultural Sciences,2018,24(2):76-79.
[14]裴晓东,王涛,李帆,等.密集烘烤过程中烤烟上部叶颜色参数与主要化学成分变化[J].华北农学报,2012,27(S1):218-222.PEI X D,WANG T,LI F,et al.Relationship between changes of color parameters and chemical components of upper flue-cured tobacco leaves during bulk-curing process[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica,2012,27(S1):218-222.
[15]王涛,贺帆,詹军,等.密集烘烤过程中基于色度学和形态学的烤烟外观变化与化学成分关系[J].华中农业大学学报,2012,31(6):765-770.WANG T,HE F,ZHAN J,et al.Relationship between changes of appearance characteristics and chemical components of tobacco leaves based on colorimetry and morphology during bulk curing[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University,2012,31(6):765-770.
[16]王德宝,史宏志,杨兴有,等.不同晾房晾制期间温湿度差异及对白肋烟品质的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2011,19(6):1405-1411.WANG D B,SHI H Z,YANG X Y,et al.Temperature and relative humidity during air-curing and their effects on burley tobacco quality in different curing barns[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2011,19(6):1405-1411.
[17]贺帆,王涛,樊士军,等.基于色度学的密集烘烤过程中烟叶主要化学成分变化模型研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2014,42(5):111-118.HE F,WANG T,FAN S J,et al.Colorimetry based model for changes in chemical components of flue-cured tobacco leaves during bulk curing[J].Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition),2014,42(5):111-118.
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