2007年和2016年若尔盖高原沼泽湿地景观格局及变化
|
摘要
利用遥感和地理信息系统技术,根据景观生态学原理,以2007年和2016年landsat TM/OLI影像为数据源,解译两个时期覆盖若尔盖高原的四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州的阿坝县、红原县和若尔盖县和甘肃省甘南藏族自治州的碌曲县、玛曲县所辖范围内的遥感影像,统计沼泽湿地面积,分析质心变化;在FRAGSTATS软件支持下,采用景观格局指数,分析沼泽湿地的景观格局变化。研究结果显示,与2007年相比,2016年研究区沼泽湿地的总面积减少了16 588 hm~2;与2007年相比,2016年沼泽化草甸的质心向西南偏移了15.13 km,沼泽质心向东北偏移了14.88 km;研究区沼泽化草甸为研究区的主要景观;沼泽化草甸景观趋于破碎,沼泽分布趋向于大块的集中分布。
The satellite remote sensing images of five counties in Zoigê Plateau in 2007 and 2016 were interpreted according to the principles landscape ecology by remote sensing and geographic information system technology. Using FRAGSTATS software, the landscape patterns and its change of two kinds of marsh wetlands in Zoigê Plateau were analyzed by landscape pattern indices. The results showed that compared with that in 2007, the area of marsh wetlands decreased by 16 588 hm~2; the mass center of marshy meadow moved 15.13 km to southwest, and that of marshes moved 14.88 km to northeast; the number of patches of marshy meadow increased and that of the marshes decreased; the marshy meadow was main landscape in the study area; the landscape of the marshy meadow tended to fragmentation, and that of the marshes concentrated in large blocks.
The satellite remote sensing images of five counties in Zoigê Plateau in 2007 and 2016 were interpreted according to the principles landscape ecology by remote sensing and geographic information system technology. Using FRAGSTATS software, the landscape patterns and its change of two kinds of marsh wetlands in Zoigê Plateau were analyzed by landscape pattern indices. The results showed that compared with that in 2007, the area of marsh wetlands decreased by 16 588 hm~2; the mass center of marshy meadow moved 15.13 km to southwest, and that of marshes moved 14.88 km to northeast; the number of patches of marshy meadow increased and that of the marshes decreased; the marshy meadow was main landscape in the study area; the landscape of the marshy meadow tended to fragmentation, and that of the marshes concentrated in large blocks.
引文
[1]杨永兴.若尔盖高原生态环境恶化与沼泽退化及其形成机制[J].山地学报,1999,1717(4):318-323.
[2]柴岫.若尔盖高原的沼泽[M].北京:科学出版社,1965.
[3]戴洋,罗勇,王长科,等.1961~2008年若尔盖高原湿地的气候变化和突变分析[J].冰川冻土,2010,3232(1):35-42.
[4]罗磊.青藏高原湿地退化的气候背景分析[J].湿地科学,2005,3(2):190-199.
[5]白军红,欧阳华,崔保山,等.近40年来若尔盖高原高寒湿地景观格局变化[J].生态学报,2008,2828(5):2245-2252.
[6]庞丙亮,崔丽娟,马牧原,等.若尔盖髙寒湿地生态系统服务价值评价[J].湿地科学,2014,1212(3):273-278.
[7]白军红,欧阳华,杨志锋,等.湿地景观格局变化研究进展[J].地理科学进展,2005,2424(4):34-45.
[8]邓茂林,田昆,段宗亮,等.高原湿地若尔盖国家级自然保护区景观变化[J].山地学报,2010,28(2):240-246.
[9]冯文兰,钟昊哲,王永前,等.2001~2013年若尔盖地区植被退化的时空格局分析[J].草地学报,2015,2323(2):239-245.
[10]王晶,李国庆,丁鹏凯,等.若尔盖湿地景观与生态功能变化主导因子分析[J].人民黄河,2016,3838(5):77-81,87.
[11]陈志科,吕宪国.两个时期若尔盖高原沼泽湿地景观格局的对比研究[J].湿地科学,2010,88(1):8-14.
[12]杨英,耿玉清,黄桂林,等.青海小泊湖区沼泽化草甸、草甸和沙地的土壤酶活性[J].湿地科学,2016,1414(1):20-26.
[2]柴岫.若尔盖高原的沼泽[M].北京:科学出版社,1965.
[3]戴洋,罗勇,王长科,等.1961~2008年若尔盖高原湿地的气候变化和突变分析[J].冰川冻土,2010,3232(1):35-42.
[4]罗磊.青藏高原湿地退化的气候背景分析[J].湿地科学,2005,3(2):190-199.
[5]白军红,欧阳华,崔保山,等.近40年来若尔盖高原高寒湿地景观格局变化[J].生态学报,2008,2828(5):2245-2252.
[6]庞丙亮,崔丽娟,马牧原,等.若尔盖髙寒湿地生态系统服务价值评价[J].湿地科学,2014,1212(3):273-278.
[7]白军红,欧阳华,杨志锋,等.湿地景观格局变化研究进展[J].地理科学进展,2005,2424(4):34-45.
[8]邓茂林,田昆,段宗亮,等.高原湿地若尔盖国家级自然保护区景观变化[J].山地学报,2010,28(2):240-246.
[9]冯文兰,钟昊哲,王永前,等.2001~2013年若尔盖地区植被退化的时空格局分析[J].草地学报,2015,2323(2):239-245.
[10]王晶,李国庆,丁鹏凯,等.若尔盖湿地景观与生态功能变化主导因子分析[J].人民黄河,2016,3838(5):77-81,87.
[11]陈志科,吕宪国.两个时期若尔盖高原沼泽湿地景观格局的对比研究[J].湿地科学,2010,88(1):8-14.
[12]杨英,耿玉清,黄桂林,等.青海小泊湖区沼泽化草甸、草甸和沙地的土壤酶活性[J].湿地科学,2016,1414(1):20-26.