桂林初春一次冰雹天气过程分析
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摘要
利用常规气象资料、FY-2G卫星资料和桂林多普勒雷达资料,对2016年3月19日夜间桂林一次冰雹天气过程的环境条件和雷达回波演变和结构特征进行了详细分析。结果表明:过程发生在地面暖低压和低空急流共同发展,暖切附近的不稳定层结条件下;合适的-20℃和0℃层高度、上干下湿层结以及强的垂直风切变有利于产生冰雹;冰雹发生前反映大气不稳定度的各项参数发生显著变化,对于做出冰雹的潜势预报具有很好的指示意义;强回波中心强度超过60dBz、具有倾斜结构和V型缺口、 VIL值维持在40kg·m~(-2)以上、回波顶高维持在12km以上的雷达回波特征可用于识别冰雹。
Based on the conventional observation data, FY-2G and the Doppler weather radar data, the paper analyzed the environmental condition and radar echo structure of a hailstorm occurred in Guilin on 19 March 2016. The results showed that with the development of the surface thermal depression and low-level jet, the hailstorm occurred on unstable stratification conditions near the low-level warm shear. Suitable layer heights of-20 ℃ and 0 ℃,unstable stratification formed by the dry airflow in the mid-high level and the humid airflow in the low level, and strong vertical wind shear were favorable for the hailstorm formation. The significant changes of the parameters reflecting the atmospheric instability has a good indication for the potential prediction. The value of intense echo center over 65 dBz,having an inclined structure, a V-notch, VIL value maintaining above 40 kg·m~(-2) and echo top height maintaining over 12 km can be used to identify the hail.
Based on the conventional observation data, FY-2G and the Doppler weather radar data, the paper analyzed the environmental condition and radar echo structure of a hailstorm occurred in Guilin on 19 March 2016. The results showed that with the development of the surface thermal depression and low-level jet, the hailstorm occurred on unstable stratification conditions near the low-level warm shear. Suitable layer heights of-20 ℃ and 0 ℃,unstable stratification formed by the dry airflow in the mid-high level and the humid airflow in the low level, and strong vertical wind shear were favorable for the hailstorm formation. The significant changes of the parameters reflecting the atmospheric instability has a good indication for the potential prediction. The value of intense echo center over 65 dBz,having an inclined structure, a V-notch, VIL value maintaining above 40 kg·m~(-2) and echo top height maintaining over 12 km can be used to identify the hail.
引文
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[3]曾数军,荣利香,杨亚钦,等.4.12花都冰雹天气过程分析[J].广东气象,2013,35(6):23-27.
[4]叶爱芬,伍志方,程元慧,等.一次春季强冰雹天气过程分析[J].气象科技,2006,34(5):583-588.
[5]苏耀墀,黄晓东.江门地区一次冰雹过程的分析[J].广东气象,2017,39(1):35-39.
[6]李聪,蒋有山,姜迪,等.一次冰雹天气过程的多源资料观测分析[J].气象,2017,43(9):1084-1094.
[7]郝建平,曹刚,李斌,等.粤北一次降雹过程的成因分析[J].广东气象,2014,36(6):20-23.
[8]吴悦,李骄杨,李忠党.2016年1月钟山县一次罕见冬季冰雹天气分析[J].气象研究与应用,2016,37(2):42-46.
[9]徐芬,郑媛媛,肖贲,等.江苏沿江地区一次强冰雹天气的中尺度特征分析[J].气象,2016,42(5).567-577.
[10]黄冬梅,黄彩东,韦美闹.2011年河池市冰雹天气过程雷达产品分析[J].气象研究与应用,2012,33(S1):53-54.
[11]赖雨薇,黄磊,周惠文.多普勒雷达产品对南宁冰雹天气的应用分析[J].气象研究与应用,2014,35(4):36-39.
[12]唐熠,冯晓玲,王娟.2012年广西一次高架对流冰雹过程分析[J].气象研究与应用,2013,34(S1):26-28.
[13]杨思施,黄开刚,刘国忠.2013.3.23百色市致灾冰雹天气过程成因分析[J].气象研究与应用,2015,36(2):43-46.
[14]覃艳秋,赖雨薇,刘蕾.柳州夏季一次雨夹冰雹的天气过程分析[J].气象研究与应用,2015,36(1):63-67.
[15]农孟松,祁丽燕,黄海洪,等.桂西北一次超级单体风暴过程的分析[J].气象,2011,37(12):1519-1525.
[16]覃靖,潘海,刘蕾.柳州“4·09”致灾冰雹的超级单体风暴过程分析[J].气象,2017,43(6):745-755.
[17]俞小鼎,姚秀萍,熊廷南,等.多普勒天气雷达原理与业务应用[M].气象出版社,2006:95-186.