籽粒苋在动物饲料中应用的研究进展
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摘要
籽粒苋是一种粮饲兼用作物,属于苋科苋属,生长速度快,产量高,营养丰富,其调制青贮饲料时,可以较好地保存营养成分,品质较优,在饲喂动物方面具有一定的利用价值。将籽粒苋用作饲料不仅可以提高动物生产性能,而且可以解决我国粗饲料资源短缺的问题,缓解人畜争粮矛盾。在查阅相关度比较高的文献基础上,文章归纳了籽粒苋的营养特点,总结了籽粒苋青贮的研究进展,重点介绍了籽粒苋在动物饲料中的应用,以期为相关从业人员提供参考。
Amaranthus hypochondriacus which grows fast with high yield and abundant nutritional in-gredients is a grain-forage crop belonging to amaranth family. It can preserve nutritional ingredientswell and have excellent quality by making silage, and it also has certain utilization value in feeding an-imals. Using Amaranthus hypochondriacus as feed for animals can not only improve animal productionperformance, but also solve the shortage of coarse feed resources in China and alleviate the contraction between the human and animals for grain. In or-der to provide some useful references for produc-ers and researchers in this field, this article con-cluded the characteristics of Amaranthus hypo-chondriacus, summarized the research progressof Amaranthus hypochondriacus silage and emphatically introduced the application of Amaranthus hypochondriacus in animal feed, which was basedon highly referenced published literature.
Amaranthus hypochondriacus which grows fast with high yield and abundant nutritional in-gredients is a grain-forage crop belonging to amaranth family. It can preserve nutritional ingredientswell and have excellent quality by making silage, and it also has certain utilization value in feeding an-imals. Using Amaranthus hypochondriacus as feed for animals can not only improve animal productionperformance, but also solve the shortage of coarse feed resources in China and alleviate the contraction between the human and animals for grain. In or-der to provide some useful references for produc-ers and researchers in this field, this article con-cluded the characteristics of Amaranthus hypo-chondriacus, summarized the research progressof Amaranthus hypochondriacus silage and emphatically introduced the application of Amaranthus hypochondriacus in animal feed, which was basedon highly referenced published literature.
引文
[1]张锡洲,李廷轩,王昌全.富钾植物籽粒苋研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2005,21(4):230-235.
[2]Barba D,Fomsgaard I S,Laursen B,et al.Amaranth(Amaranthus hypochondriacus)as an alternative crop for sustainable food production:phenolic acids and flavonoids with potential impact on its nutraceutical quality[J].J.Cereal Sci.,2009,49(1):117-121.
[3]岳绍先,孙鸿良.籽粒苋在中国的研究与开发[M].北京:农业出版社,1993.
[4]孙国庆,马健,都文,等.饲粮中添加籽粒苋对泌乳奶牛瘤胃发酵、血液指标和生产性能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(5):1652-1660.
[5]何金环,王清龙,王延方,等.籽粒苋不同生育期营养特点和氨基酸饲用价值分析[J].中国饲料,2015(12):11-13.
[6]王艳荣,王鸿升,张海棠,等.优质饲用植物-籽粒苋的研究进展[J].饲料研究,2011(1):19-20.
[7]马健,毛江,刘艳芳,等.不同刈割高度对禾王草干草和青贮品质的影响[J].饲料研究,2016(5):52-56.
[8]Neylon J M,Jr K L.Effects of cutting height and maturity on the nutritive value of corn silage for lactating cows[J].J.Dairy Sci.2003,86(6):2163-2169.
[9]彭佳,左相兵.籽粒苋在我国畜牧业生产中的应用[J].当代畜牧,2015(18):43-46.
[10]周传臣.籽粒苋的种植、青贮及饲喂的方法[J].现代畜牧科技2014(4):49-50.
[11]刘建成.巴彦淖尔地区籽粒苋的种植与青贮技术[J].畜牧兽医科学,2017(12):89.
[12]李云升,彭立强,王洪志,等.籽粒苋饲料青贮加工工艺试验报告[J].畜牧与饲料科学,1996(4):38-41.
[13]Seguin P,Mustafa A F,Donnelly D J,et al.Chemical composition and ruminal nutrient degradability of fresh and ensiled amaranth forage[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture2013,93(15):3730-3736.
[14]Rahjerdi N K,Rouzbehan Y,Fazaeli H,et al.Chemical composition,fermentation characteristics,digestibility,and degradability of silages from two amaranth varieties(Kharkovskiy and Sem)corn,and an amaranth-corn combination[J].J.Anim.Sci.,201593(12):5781-5790.
[15]石帮科.籽粒苋单独青贮和与青玉米秸混贮效果[J].当代畜牧,2007(8):42-43.
[16]马红彬.籽粒苋饲料青贮效果试验[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2004(9):64-65.
[17]陶雅,李峰,高凤芹,等.籽粒苋与青贮玉米混贮品质及微生物特性研究[J].草业学报,2016,25(12):119-129.
[18]王世雄,段新慧,尹尚芬,等.籽粒苋地面青贮试验[J].养殖与饲料,2010(4):52-53.
[19]何志军,于海洋,陈志龙,等.宁南山区不同引进饲草青贮品质评价[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2018,39(6):55-58.
[20]马健,刘艳芳,刘红娇,等.禾王草的青贮特性研究[J].饲料研究,2015(23):1-5.
[21]Zhao G Q,Ju Z L,Chai J K,et al.Effects of silage additives and varieties on fermentation quality,aerobic stability and nutritive value of oat silage[J].J.Anim.Sci.,2018,96(8):3151-3160.
[22]刘艳芳,邱昊日,余雄,等.不同处理方式对籽粒苋青贮品质的影响[J].草业学报,2017,26(9):214-220.
[23]王保平,玉柱,许庆方,等.不同添加剂对籽粒苋青贮品质的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2011,43(6):45-47.
[24]Rezaei J,Rouzbehan Y,Fazaeli H.Nutritive value of fresh and ensiled amaranth(Amaranthus hypochondriacus)treated with different levels of molasses[J].Anim.Feed Sci.Tech.,2009,151(1):153-160.
[25]王宝申.日粮添加不同比例籽粒苋对泌乳牛采食量和产奶量的影响[J].中国乳业,2018(6):44-45.
[26]Rezaei J,Rouzbehan Y,Zahedifar M,et al.Effects of dietary substitution of maize silage by amaranth silage on feed intake,digestibility,microbial nitrogen,blood parameters,milk production and nitrogen retention in lactating Holstein cows[J].Anim.Feed Scie.Tech.,2015,202:32-41.
[27]陈幼春,孙鸿良.籽粒苋青贮喂肉牛效果分析[J].北京农业2002(5):26.
[28]Rezaei J,Rouzbehan Y,Fazaeli H,et al.Effects of substituting amaranth silage for corn silage on intake,growth performance,diet digestibility,microbial protein,nitrogen retention and ruminal fermentation in fattening lambs[J].Anim.Feed Sci.Tech.,2014,192(6):29-38.
[29]Rezaei J,Rouzbehan Y,Fazaeli H,et al.Carcass characteristics,non-carcass components and blood parameters of fattening lambs fed on diets containing amaranth silage substituted for corn silage[J].Small Ruminant Res.,2013,114(2/3):225-232.
[30]李宏清.籽粒苋饲喂肉兔效果探讨[J].贵州畜牧兽医,2000(1):13.
[31]罗富成.氨化籽粒苋秸秆饲喂肉兔效果研究[J].中国养兔杂志,2000(1):14-15.
[32]姜忠玲,张兴阁.应用籽粒苋饲喂生猪试验[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2007(5):66.
[33]谢国强,何余勇,陈匡辉,等.籽粒苋秸秆粉饲喂三元杂交猪效应及消化试验研究初报[J].江西农业大学学报,1999(2):198-202.
[34]郭亮,郭浩,郭帅.美国籽粒苋青饲料饲喂仔猪试验[J].中国草食动物科学,1999(6):27.
[35]孙广东,顾红.籽粒苋和玉米混播青贮喂猪试验[J].现代化农业,1994(9):22-23.
[36]Zraly Z,Pisarikova B,Trckova M,et al.Effect of lupine and amaranth on growth efficiency,health,and carcass characteristics and meat quality of market pigs[J].Acta.Vet.Brno.,2006,75(3):363-372.
[37]李国良,嫣红红,王琳琳,等.籽粒苋青贮饲喂对产蛋鹅生产性能的影响[J].草业科学,2008,25(10):115-117.
[38]赵立,娄玉杰.籽粒苋秆粉饲喂鹅效果的研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2004,40(10):49-51.
[39]葛文华,张乐乐,胡文婷,等.籽粒苋对鹅营养价值的评定[J].饲料工业,2012,33(2):35-39.
[40]于宁,赵辉,郑家明.不同牧草对五龙鹅生产性能和消化器官发育的影响[J].中国家禽,2011,33(10):17-20.
[41]Penkov D,Pavlov D.Content and true digestibility of the amino acids of amaranth(Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.)grain established in experiments with geese[J].J.Anim.Sci.,2000,78(11):2560-2869.
[42]韩学明.青海海东地区籽粒苋饲喂肉鸡试验[J].畜牧与兽医,2007,39(11):37-38.
[43]王颖,徐寿彦,李向新.用籽粒苋叶蛋白替代鱼粉饲养蛋鸡的试验[J].现代畜牧科技,2008(3):106-107.
[44]郜玉田.养畜禽饲草品种的选择[J].现代畜牧科技,2008(6):53-53.
[45]Ravindran V,Hood R L,Gill R J,et al.Nutritional evaluation of grain amaranth(Amaranthus hypochondriacus)in broiler diets[J].Anim.Feed Sci.Tech.,1996,63(1-4):323-331.
[46]Pisarikova B,Zraly Z S,Trckova M,et al.Nutritional value of amaranth(genus Amaranthus L.)grain in diets for broiler chickens[J].Czech J.Anim.Sci.,2005,50(12):568-573.
[47]Pisarikova B,Zraly Z,Kracmar S.The use of amaranth(genus Amaranthus L.)in the diets for broiler chickens[J].Vet Medicina,2006(7):399-407.
[2]Barba D,Fomsgaard I S,Laursen B,et al.Amaranth(Amaranthus hypochondriacus)as an alternative crop for sustainable food production:phenolic acids and flavonoids with potential impact on its nutraceutical quality[J].J.Cereal Sci.,2009,49(1):117-121.
[3]岳绍先,孙鸿良.籽粒苋在中国的研究与开发[M].北京:农业出版社,1993.
[4]孙国庆,马健,都文,等.饲粮中添加籽粒苋对泌乳奶牛瘤胃发酵、血液指标和生产性能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(5):1652-1660.
[5]何金环,王清龙,王延方,等.籽粒苋不同生育期营养特点和氨基酸饲用价值分析[J].中国饲料,2015(12):11-13.
[6]王艳荣,王鸿升,张海棠,等.优质饲用植物-籽粒苋的研究进展[J].饲料研究,2011(1):19-20.
[7]马健,毛江,刘艳芳,等.不同刈割高度对禾王草干草和青贮品质的影响[J].饲料研究,2016(5):52-56.
[8]Neylon J M,Jr K L.Effects of cutting height and maturity on the nutritive value of corn silage for lactating cows[J].J.Dairy Sci.2003,86(6):2163-2169.
[9]彭佳,左相兵.籽粒苋在我国畜牧业生产中的应用[J].当代畜牧,2015(18):43-46.
[10]周传臣.籽粒苋的种植、青贮及饲喂的方法[J].现代畜牧科技2014(4):49-50.
[11]刘建成.巴彦淖尔地区籽粒苋的种植与青贮技术[J].畜牧兽医科学,2017(12):89.
[12]李云升,彭立强,王洪志,等.籽粒苋饲料青贮加工工艺试验报告[J].畜牧与饲料科学,1996(4):38-41.
[13]Seguin P,Mustafa A F,Donnelly D J,et al.Chemical composition and ruminal nutrient degradability of fresh and ensiled amaranth forage[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture2013,93(15):3730-3736.
[14]Rahjerdi N K,Rouzbehan Y,Fazaeli H,et al.Chemical composition,fermentation characteristics,digestibility,and degradability of silages from two amaranth varieties(Kharkovskiy and Sem)corn,and an amaranth-corn combination[J].J.Anim.Sci.,201593(12):5781-5790.
[15]石帮科.籽粒苋单独青贮和与青玉米秸混贮效果[J].当代畜牧,2007(8):42-43.
[16]马红彬.籽粒苋饲料青贮效果试验[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2004(9):64-65.
[17]陶雅,李峰,高凤芹,等.籽粒苋与青贮玉米混贮品质及微生物特性研究[J].草业学报,2016,25(12):119-129.
[18]王世雄,段新慧,尹尚芬,等.籽粒苋地面青贮试验[J].养殖与饲料,2010(4):52-53.
[19]何志军,于海洋,陈志龙,等.宁南山区不同引进饲草青贮品质评价[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2018,39(6):55-58.
[20]马健,刘艳芳,刘红娇,等.禾王草的青贮特性研究[J].饲料研究,2015(23):1-5.
[21]Zhao G Q,Ju Z L,Chai J K,et al.Effects of silage additives and varieties on fermentation quality,aerobic stability and nutritive value of oat silage[J].J.Anim.Sci.,2018,96(8):3151-3160.
[22]刘艳芳,邱昊日,余雄,等.不同处理方式对籽粒苋青贮品质的影响[J].草业学报,2017,26(9):214-220.
[23]王保平,玉柱,许庆方,等.不同添加剂对籽粒苋青贮品质的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2011,43(6):45-47.
[24]Rezaei J,Rouzbehan Y,Fazaeli H.Nutritive value of fresh and ensiled amaranth(Amaranthus hypochondriacus)treated with different levels of molasses[J].Anim.Feed Sci.Tech.,2009,151(1):153-160.
[25]王宝申.日粮添加不同比例籽粒苋对泌乳牛采食量和产奶量的影响[J].中国乳业,2018(6):44-45.
[26]Rezaei J,Rouzbehan Y,Zahedifar M,et al.Effects of dietary substitution of maize silage by amaranth silage on feed intake,digestibility,microbial nitrogen,blood parameters,milk production and nitrogen retention in lactating Holstein cows[J].Anim.Feed Scie.Tech.,2015,202:32-41.
[27]陈幼春,孙鸿良.籽粒苋青贮喂肉牛效果分析[J].北京农业2002(5):26.
[28]Rezaei J,Rouzbehan Y,Fazaeli H,et al.Effects of substituting amaranth silage for corn silage on intake,growth performance,diet digestibility,microbial protein,nitrogen retention and ruminal fermentation in fattening lambs[J].Anim.Feed Sci.Tech.,2014,192(6):29-38.
[29]Rezaei J,Rouzbehan Y,Fazaeli H,et al.Carcass characteristics,non-carcass components and blood parameters of fattening lambs fed on diets containing amaranth silage substituted for corn silage[J].Small Ruminant Res.,2013,114(2/3):225-232.
[30]李宏清.籽粒苋饲喂肉兔效果探讨[J].贵州畜牧兽医,2000(1):13.
[31]罗富成.氨化籽粒苋秸秆饲喂肉兔效果研究[J].中国养兔杂志,2000(1):14-15.
[32]姜忠玲,张兴阁.应用籽粒苋饲喂生猪试验[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2007(5):66.
[33]谢国强,何余勇,陈匡辉,等.籽粒苋秸秆粉饲喂三元杂交猪效应及消化试验研究初报[J].江西农业大学学报,1999(2):198-202.
[34]郭亮,郭浩,郭帅.美国籽粒苋青饲料饲喂仔猪试验[J].中国草食动物科学,1999(6):27.
[35]孙广东,顾红.籽粒苋和玉米混播青贮喂猪试验[J].现代化农业,1994(9):22-23.
[36]Zraly Z,Pisarikova B,Trckova M,et al.Effect of lupine and amaranth on growth efficiency,health,and carcass characteristics and meat quality of market pigs[J].Acta.Vet.Brno.,2006,75(3):363-372.
[37]李国良,嫣红红,王琳琳,等.籽粒苋青贮饲喂对产蛋鹅生产性能的影响[J].草业科学,2008,25(10):115-117.
[38]赵立,娄玉杰.籽粒苋秆粉饲喂鹅效果的研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2004,40(10):49-51.
[39]葛文华,张乐乐,胡文婷,等.籽粒苋对鹅营养价值的评定[J].饲料工业,2012,33(2):35-39.
[40]于宁,赵辉,郑家明.不同牧草对五龙鹅生产性能和消化器官发育的影响[J].中国家禽,2011,33(10):17-20.
[41]Penkov D,Pavlov D.Content and true digestibility of the amino acids of amaranth(Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.)grain established in experiments with geese[J].J.Anim.Sci.,2000,78(11):2560-2869.
[42]韩学明.青海海东地区籽粒苋饲喂肉鸡试验[J].畜牧与兽医,2007,39(11):37-38.
[43]王颖,徐寿彦,李向新.用籽粒苋叶蛋白替代鱼粉饲养蛋鸡的试验[J].现代畜牧科技,2008(3):106-107.
[44]郜玉田.养畜禽饲草品种的选择[J].现代畜牧科技,2008(6):53-53.
[45]Ravindran V,Hood R L,Gill R J,et al.Nutritional evaluation of grain amaranth(Amaranthus hypochondriacus)in broiler diets[J].Anim.Feed Sci.Tech.,1996,63(1-4):323-331.
[46]Pisarikova B,Zraly Z S,Trckova M,et al.Nutritional value of amaranth(genus Amaranthus L.)grain in diets for broiler chickens[J].Czech J.Anim.Sci.,2005,50(12):568-573.
[47]Pisarikova B,Zraly Z,Kracmar S.The use of amaranth(genus Amaranthus L.)in the diets for broiler chickens[J].Vet Medicina,2006(7):399-407.