基于多测点分析法的水平井高精度磁方位校正方法
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摘要
随着水平井、多分支井等技术的出现,随钻测量技术对磁方位精度的要求越来越高.常规单测点磁方位校正法误差较大,无法满足复杂结构对磁方位精度的需求.近年来,国外围绕Brooks多测点分析法的基本公式,建立了一系列优化后的多测点分析法来提高磁方位的精度.本文以多测点分析法的公式为基础,结合常规单测点磁方位校正法,推导出一套收敛的改进多测点分析法.并通过实验来验证改进后的多测点分析法的效果.用改进后的多测点分析法得到的方位角精度在0.2°以内,达到或接近国际先进水平.通过进一步开展数据处理和分析,该套算法可以应用于水平井、多分支井等大斜度钻井工程中的精确定位和导向.
MWD(Measurement While Drilling)technology require greater precision for the high precision of magnetic azimuth with the emergence of horizontal wells and multi-branch wells.The normal correction for magnetic azimuth have a relatively big error that cannot meet the request of horizontal wells and multi-branch wells.In recent years,many people has derived a series of algorithm to improve multi-station analysis based on the multi-station analysis of Brooks in foreign countries.But,there is no such high precision magnetic azimuth correction algorithm in China.This paper deduced an improved multi-point analysis algorithm based on the multi-station analysis method and a single point analysis method,and the algorithm is convergence.Then we make an experiment to verify the effect of the improved multi-station analysis method in the laboratory.The azimuth that is corrected by improved multi-point analysis algorithm very closeto real azimuth,and its accuracy is within in 0.2°.The results show that the improved multistation analysis can improve the precision of the magnetic azimuth and reach or approach advanced international standards,which is suitable for the drilling process of the larger slope.This algorithm meet the demand of a high precision magnetic azimuth correction in China.
MWD(Measurement While Drilling)technology require greater precision for the high precision of magnetic azimuth with the emergence of horizontal wells and multi-branch wells.The normal correction for magnetic azimuth have a relatively big error that cannot meet the request of horizontal wells and multi-branch wells.In recent years,many people has derived a series of algorithm to improve multi-station analysis based on the multi-station analysis of Brooks in foreign countries.But,there is no such high precision magnetic azimuth correction algorithm in China.This paper deduced an improved multi-point analysis algorithm based on the multi-station analysis method and a single point analysis method,and the algorithm is convergence.Then we make an experiment to verify the effect of the improved multi-station analysis method in the laboratory.The azimuth that is corrected by improved multi-point analysis algorithm very closeto real azimuth,and its accuracy is within in 0.2°.The results show that the improved multistation analysis can improve the precision of the magnetic azimuth and reach or approach advanced international standards,which is suitable for the drilling process of the larger slope.This algorithm meet the demand of a high precision magnetic azimuth correction in China.
引文
Bowler A,Sugiura J,Lowdon R,et al.2013.An innovative survey method using rotating sensors significantly improves the continuous azimuth and inclination measurement near vertical and offers improved kickoff capabilities.∥83rd Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts.
Brooks A G,Gurden P A,Noy K A.1998.Practical application of a multiple-survey magnetic correction algorithm.∥68th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts.
Buchanan A,Finn C A,Love J J,et al.2013.Geomagnetic referencing-the real-time compass for directional drillers.Schlumberger,25(3):32-47.
Bulychenkov K.2013.Improving multistation analysis of MWDdirectional magnetic surveys.∥83th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts.
ElGizawy M,Noureldin A,Georgy J,et al.2010.Wellbore surveying while drilling based on Kalman filtering.American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences,3(2):240-259.
Flook R,Alexander W,List D,et al.2013.At-Bit inclination,gamma,and imaging system tracks productive zone in complex geology.Society of Petroleum Engineers,65(3):30-32.
Hanak F C,Wilson H,Gjertsen M.2015.Assessment of the validity of MWD survey accuracy following multistation analysis.∥85th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts.
Liu Q L.2013.On research and application of rotating magnetic guidance method.Well Logging Technology(in Chinese),37(3):249-252.
Liu Y W,Guan Z C,Zhao G S,et al.2013.Screwdrill-based nearbit deviation MWD error and correction.China Petroleum Machinery(in Chinese),41(4):1-5.
Lowdon R M,Chia C R.2003.Multistation analysis and geomagnetic referencing significantly improve magnetic survey results.∥73rd Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts.
Nyrnes E,Torkildsen T.2005.Error properties of magnetic directional surveying data.∥75th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts.
Nyrnes E,Torkildsen T,Wilson H.2009.Minimum requirements for multi-station analysis of MWD magnetic directional surveys.∥79th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts.
Priest J,Quinn T,Frost E Jr.2014.Magnetic interference effects on accelerometer and magnetometer data:detection,quality control and correction.∥84th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts.
Sognnes R,Smith B,McElhinney G,et al.1996.Improving MWDsurvey accuracy in deviated wells by use of a new triaxial magnetic azimuth correction method.∥66th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts.
Weston J,Ledroz A.2016.All-attitude gyrocompass tool offers significant enhancement in survey accuracy over the highest performance MWD magnetic system.∥86th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts.
Weston J L,Ledroz A G,Ekseth R.2014.New gyro while drilling technology delivers accurate azimuth and real-time quality control for all well trajectories.Society of Petroleum Engineers,29(3):295-303.
Xu B C,Zuo X,Xue H X,et al.2013.An unscented Kalman filter method for attitude measurement of rotary steerable drilling assembly.Acta Petrolei Sinica(in Chinese),34(6):1168-1175.
Xu H D,Huang G L,Zhang R,et al.2014.Method of magnetic interference correction in survey with magnetic MWD.Petroleum Drilling Techniques(in Chinese),2014,42(2):102-106.
Xu T.2006.Research on MWD surveying method and locating technique of horizontal directional drilling[Ph.D.thesis](in Chinese).Changsha:National University of Defense Technology.
Xue Q L,Huang L L,Liu B L,et al.2015.Dynamic measurement of spatial attitude of bottom rotating drillstring.The International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers,1519-1526.
Yang Q J,Jiang H X,Zuo X.2014.A new solution for dynamic direction measurement while down-hole drill string rotating.Oil Drilling&Production Technology(in Chinese),36(1):40-43.
Zhang H H,Zong Y B,Shi X F.2011.Research and application of dynamical measurement of drill tool attitude in vertical drilling.Well Logging Technology(in Chinese),35(5):422-426.
Zhou S D,Jin Y Q,Wei K J,et al.2015.Attitude measurement of MEMS devices by using the Kalman filter algorithm.Research and Exploration in Laboratory(in Chinese),34(2):38-42.
刘庆龙.2013.旋转磁场导向定位方法研究与应用.测井技术,37(3):249-252.
刘永旺,管志川,赵国山等.2013.基于螺杆钻具的近钻头井斜测量误差及修正.石油机械,41(4):1-5.
徐宝昌,左信,蒋海旭等.2013.旋转导向钻具姿态的无迹卡尔曼滤波方法.石油学报,34(6):1168-1175.
徐涛.2006.水平定向钻进随钻测量方法及定位技术研究[博士论文].长沙:国防科技大学.
许昊东,黄根炉,张然等.2014.磁力随钻测量磁干扰校正方法研究.石油钻探技术,2014,42(2):102-106.
杨全进,蒋海旭,左信.2014.一种用于井下钻具旋转中动态方位测量的新方法.石油钻采工艺,36(1):40-43.
张慧慧,宗艳波,史晓锋.2011.垂直钻井中钻具姿态动态测量算法研究与应用.测井技术,35(5):422-426.
周树道,金永奇,卫克晶等.2015.采用卡尔曼滤波算法的MEMS器件姿态测量.实验室研究与探索,34(2):38-42.
Brooks A G,Gurden P A,Noy K A.1998.Practical application of a multiple-survey magnetic correction algorithm.∥68th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts.
Buchanan A,Finn C A,Love J J,et al.2013.Geomagnetic referencing-the real-time compass for directional drillers.Schlumberger,25(3):32-47.
Bulychenkov K.2013.Improving multistation analysis of MWDdirectional magnetic surveys.∥83th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts.
ElGizawy M,Noureldin A,Georgy J,et al.2010.Wellbore surveying while drilling based on Kalman filtering.American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences,3(2):240-259.
Flook R,Alexander W,List D,et al.2013.At-Bit inclination,gamma,and imaging system tracks productive zone in complex geology.Society of Petroleum Engineers,65(3):30-32.
Hanak F C,Wilson H,Gjertsen M.2015.Assessment of the validity of MWD survey accuracy following multistation analysis.∥85th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts.
Liu Q L.2013.On research and application of rotating magnetic guidance method.Well Logging Technology(in Chinese),37(3):249-252.
Liu Y W,Guan Z C,Zhao G S,et al.2013.Screwdrill-based nearbit deviation MWD error and correction.China Petroleum Machinery(in Chinese),41(4):1-5.
Lowdon R M,Chia C R.2003.Multistation analysis and geomagnetic referencing significantly improve magnetic survey results.∥73rd Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts.
Nyrnes E,Torkildsen T.2005.Error properties of magnetic directional surveying data.∥75th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts.
Nyrnes E,Torkildsen T,Wilson H.2009.Minimum requirements for multi-station analysis of MWD magnetic directional surveys.∥79th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts.
Priest J,Quinn T,Frost E Jr.2014.Magnetic interference effects on accelerometer and magnetometer data:detection,quality control and correction.∥84th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts.
Sognnes R,Smith B,McElhinney G,et al.1996.Improving MWDsurvey accuracy in deviated wells by use of a new triaxial magnetic azimuth correction method.∥66th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts.
Weston J,Ledroz A.2016.All-attitude gyrocompass tool offers significant enhancement in survey accuracy over the highest performance MWD magnetic system.∥86th Ann.Internat Mtg.,Soc.Expi.Geophys..Expanded Abstracts.
Weston J L,Ledroz A G,Ekseth R.2014.New gyro while drilling technology delivers accurate azimuth and real-time quality control for all well trajectories.Society of Petroleum Engineers,29(3):295-303.
Xu B C,Zuo X,Xue H X,et al.2013.An unscented Kalman filter method for attitude measurement of rotary steerable drilling assembly.Acta Petrolei Sinica(in Chinese),34(6):1168-1175.
Xu H D,Huang G L,Zhang R,et al.2014.Method of magnetic interference correction in survey with magnetic MWD.Petroleum Drilling Techniques(in Chinese),2014,42(2):102-106.
Xu T.2006.Research on MWD surveying method and locating technique of horizontal directional drilling[Ph.D.thesis](in Chinese).Changsha:National University of Defense Technology.
Xue Q L,Huang L L,Liu B L,et al.2015.Dynamic measurement of spatial attitude of bottom rotating drillstring.The International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers,1519-1526.
Yang Q J,Jiang H X,Zuo X.2014.A new solution for dynamic direction measurement while down-hole drill string rotating.Oil Drilling&Production Technology(in Chinese),36(1):40-43.
Zhang H H,Zong Y B,Shi X F.2011.Research and application of dynamical measurement of drill tool attitude in vertical drilling.Well Logging Technology(in Chinese),35(5):422-426.
Zhou S D,Jin Y Q,Wei K J,et al.2015.Attitude measurement of MEMS devices by using the Kalman filter algorithm.Research and Exploration in Laboratory(in Chinese),34(2):38-42.
刘庆龙.2013.旋转磁场导向定位方法研究与应用.测井技术,37(3):249-252.
刘永旺,管志川,赵国山等.2013.基于螺杆钻具的近钻头井斜测量误差及修正.石油机械,41(4):1-5.
徐宝昌,左信,蒋海旭等.2013.旋转导向钻具姿态的无迹卡尔曼滤波方法.石油学报,34(6):1168-1175.
徐涛.2006.水平定向钻进随钻测量方法及定位技术研究[博士论文].长沙:国防科技大学.
许昊东,黄根炉,张然等.2014.磁力随钻测量磁干扰校正方法研究.石油钻探技术,2014,42(2):102-106.
杨全进,蒋海旭,左信.2014.一种用于井下钻具旋转中动态方位测量的新方法.石油钻采工艺,36(1):40-43.
张慧慧,宗艳波,史晓锋.2011.垂直钻井中钻具姿态动态测量算法研究与应用.测井技术,35(5):422-426.
周树道,金永奇,卫克晶等.2015.采用卡尔曼滤波算法的MEMS器件姿态测量.实验室研究与探索,34(2):38-42.